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1. TOLL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM
1. INTRODUCTION
1.1 Overview of the project
This Application can provide all the information related to Toll booth and
the passenger checks in online and pays the amount, then he/she will be provided by a receipt.
With this receipt he/she can leave the toll booth without waiting for any verification call.
This system is in the urban context of congested cities, allowing to charge tolls without
vehicles having to slow down.
This application made feasible to School or College vehicles to Pays either Monthly or
Yearly. This system can charge different rates for different types of vehicles, making it necessary
to distinguish the vehicles passing through the toll facility. Light vehicle means low cost in the
single journey, return journey and monthly pass otherwise change the different cost in the
different vehicles.
Toll management systems play an important role in the growth of infrastructure all
over the world. It is a kind of the money that a commuter has to pay to the road authorities while
passing from one city to another. This in turn is a kind of tax that is used in the construction of
roads, flyovers, and expressways.Tolling is a highly effective strategy for dealing with some of
today’s most pressing transportation issues. Toll facilities help reduce congestion and improve
mobility, and provide an additional source of funding for local construction and maintenance
projects.

2. 1.2. Software features
Features of PHP Development :
Beginners find PHP development easier to learn its basics. It is used for developing
dynamic tools and several purposes such as web and custom applications as well as CMS, and
chat software. It works well in HTML. It creates outstanding features compared to other
programming languages such as .Net, Java, etc. PHP programming is very useful in the open
source development such as WordPress, Zen Cart, Joomla, Magento, and OsCommerce, etc.
PHP was originally created by Rasmus Lerdorf in 1995. The main implementation of
PHP is now produced by The PHP Group and serves as the formal reference to the PHP
language. PHP is free software released under the PHP License, which is incompatible with the
GNU General Public License (GPL) due to restrictions on the usage of the term PHP. While PHP
originally stood for "Personal Home Page", it is now said to stand for "PHP: Hypertext
Preprocessor", a recursive acronym.
PHP web development includes the following services supportive of creating efficient
and high-ranking web pages and applications:
 PHP web programming
 PHP application development
 PHP web application development
 Custom PHP application development
 PHP e-commerce solution
 Zend PHP development
 CakePHP development
Characteristics of PHP :
As you may have realized, the PHP language revolves around the central theme of
practicality. PHP is about providing the programmer with the necessary tools to get the job done
in a quick and efficient fashion. Five important characteristics make PHP’s practical nature
possible:

3.  Familiarity
 Simplicity
 Efficiency
 Security
 Flexibility
Familiarity
Programmers from many backgrounds will find themselves already accustomed to the
PHP language. Many of the language’s constructs are borrowed from C and Perl, and in many
cases PHP code is almost indistinguishable from that found in the typical C or Pascal program.
This minimizes the learning curve considerably.
Simplicity
A PHP script can consist of 10,000 lines or one line: whatever you need to get the job
done. There is no need to include libraries, special compilation directives, or anything of the sort.
The PHP engine simply begins executing the code after the first escape sequence (<?) and
continues until it passes the closing escape sequence (?>). If the code is syntactically correct, it
will be executed exactly as it is displayed.
Efficiency
Efficiency is an extremely important consideration for working in a multiuser
environment such as the WWW. PHP 4.0 introduced resource allocation mechanisms and more
pronounced support for object-oriented programming, in addition to session management
features. Reference counting has also been introduced in the latest version, eliminating
unnecessary memory allocation.

4. Security
PHP provides developers and administrators with a flexible and efficient set of security
safeguards. These safeguards can be divided into two frames of reference: system level and
application level.
System-Level Security Safeguards
PHP furnishes a number of security mechanisms that administrators can manipulate,
providing for the maximum amount of freedom and security when PHP is properly configured.
PHP can be run in what is known as safe mode, which can limit users’ attempts to exploit the
PHP implementation in many important ways. Limits can also be placed on maximum execution
time and memory usage, which if not controlled can have adverse affects on server performance.
Much as with a cgi-bin folder, administrators can also place restrictions on the locations in which
users can view and execute PHP scripts and use PHP scripts to view guarded server information,
such as the passwd file.
MySQL
The following list shows the most important properties of MySQL. This section is
directed to the reader who already has some knowledge of relational databases. We will use
some terminology from the relational database world without defining our terms exactly. On
the other hand, the explanations should make it possible for database novices to understand
to some extent what we are talking about.
Relational Database System: Like almost all other database systems on the market,
MySQL is a relational database system.

5. Client/Server Architecture: MySQL is a client/server system. There is a database server
(MySQL) and arbitrarily many clients (application programs), which communicate with the
server; that is, they query data, save changes, etc. The clients can run on the same computer
as the server or on another computer (communication via a local network or the Internet).
SQL compatibility: MySQL supports as its database language -- as its name suggests – SQL
(Structured Query Language). SQL is a standardized language for querying and updating
data and for the administration of a database. There are several SQL dialects (about as many
as there are database systems). MySQL adheres to the current SQL standard (at the moment
SQL:2003), although with significant restrictions and a large number of extensions.
SubSELECTs: Since version 4.1, MySQL is capable of processing a query in the form
SELECT * FROM table1 WHERE x IN (SELECT y FROM table2) (There are also
numerous syntax variants for subSELECTs.)
Views: Put simply, views relate to an SQL query that is viewed as a distinct database object
and makes possible a particular view of the database. MySQL has supported views since
version 5.0.
Stored procedures: Here dealing with SQL code that is stored in the database system.
Stored procedures (SPs for short) are generally used to simplify certain steps, such as
inserting or deleting a data record. For client programmers this has the advantage that they do
not have to process the tables directly, but can rely on SPs. Like views, SPs help in the
administration of large database projects. SPs can also increase efficiency. MySQL has
supported SPs since version 5.0.
Triggers: Triggers are SQL commands that are automatically executed by the server in
certain database operations (INSERT, UPDATE, and DELETE). MySQL has supported
triggers in a limited form from version 5.0, and additional functionality is promised for
version 5.1.
Unicode: MySQL has supported all conceivable character sets since version 4.1, including
Latin-1, Latin-2, and Unicode (either in the variant UTF8 or UCS2).

6. User interface: There are a number of convenient user interfaces for administering a
MySQL server.
Full-text search: Full-text search simplifies and accelerates the search for words that are
located within a text field. If you employ MySQL for storing text (such as in an Internet
discussion group), you can use full-text search to implement simply an efficient search
function.

7. 2. SYSTEM ANALYSIS
2.1 EXISTING SYSTEM:
In existing system, current times of increasing traffic on the road, it is important to collect
the toll tax in a managed and controlled process so that it doesn't result in a total unorganized
jungle of traffic. It is very challenging to handle a vehicular flow by a manual system of revenue
collection. Poor management at toll plaza may result into great chaos and revenue loss. This
would not be desired any one.
The existing system had following Drawbacks:
 It was very time consuming
 Reports were generated manually.
 The Activities are often prone to errors.
 The speed of processing of data is very slow.
 The information required was not readily available.
 Lots of paper work was there.
Need for System
At present, all the operations are carried out manually. Sometimes, information is duplicated,
filled incorrectly or missed. A new computerized system is needed to handle all these data
integrity and consistency problems that arise when system is handled manually.
(a) To improve quality of work and accuracy.
(b) To improve work speed and accuracy.
(c) To provide the easy and user friendly environment.

8. (d) Get instant and detail information at single terminal.
(e) The project would help in effective and systematic record keeping that
is storing and retrieving of useful data.
2.2 PROPOSED SYSTEM:
Vehicles online gate pass require less time to conduct a toll transaction. Thus the average service
rate of a mixed toll lane is generally higher than a manual lane, depending on the proportion of
tagged vehicles in a mixed-use lane. Reduction in vehicle waiting times: An increase in a toll
lane service rate causes a decrease in the average waiting time of vehicles at the toll plaza.
Vehicle emissions are reduced as vehicle speeds through the toll plaza are increased and
accelerations and decelerations reduced. Reduction of toll user costs also reduces the cost of
processing toll transactions. Simplified infrastructure and accounting system. Requires for less
road side infrastructure than manual tollbooths
In a toll pass system each vehicle consists of a specific rfid.
The control room consists of the data for toll payment balance for that particular vehicle. The
microcontroller checks the information and the due of that vehicle. For each travel the balance of
the vehicle decreases if the payment of the vehicle is having without due that allows the vehicle;
if not automatically gate closes.
The growing demand for Electronic Toll Collection systems has increasingly shifted
focus towards optimization in the areas of efficiency, faster service, and cost.
Benefits of Toll Management System

9. The ever-growing toll management system has served the commuters in every possible manner.
Some of the benefits offered by this system in today's modern world include-
Growth and Development: The foremost benefit of toll system has resulted in the growth and
development of a country. Today, one of the chief features of a developed country is its
developed infrastructure.
Easy to Commute: With the construction and improvement of many roads, flyover, and bridges,
the commuting has become easy. The improved and smooth roads and bridges have made
commuting an easy job.
Traffic Control and Security: With the introduction of new equipment’s and techniques in a
toll system, there is a constant control on the traffic running on roads and highways. Moreover,
now commuters also feel secure while driving on road.
This system is a great success due to its systematic way of working. The expertise of various
toll software and operations should be cost-effective to make functional toll facility a resounding
success, wherever installed.
Toll lane capacity: Vehicles equipped with ETC require less time to conduct a toll transaction.
Thus the average service rate of a mixed toll lane is generally higher than a manual lane,
depending on the proportion of tagged vehicles in a mixed-use lane.
Reduction in vehicle waiting times: An increase in a toll lane service rate causes a decrease in
the average waiting time of vehicles at the toll plaza.
Reduction of vehicle emissions: Vehicle emissions are reduced as vehicle speeds through the
toll plaza are increased and accelerations and decelerations reduced.

10. Reduction of toll user costs: ETC also reduces the cost of processing toll transactions.
Simplified infrastructure and accounting system: ETC requires far less roadside infrastructure
than manual tollbooths. It simplifies the accounting system as well as the allocation of revenue
between peak and non-peak hours by automating toll collection and vehicle counting.
2.3 FEASIBILITY STUDY:
A Feasibility Study is a test of system proposal regarding to its workability; impact on the
organization; an effective use of resources.
A well-designed feasibility study should provide a historical background of the business or
project, a description of the product or service, accounting statements, details of the operations
and management, marketingresearch and policies, financial data, legal requirements and tax
obligations. Generally, feasibility studies precede technical development and project
implementation.
This application made feasible to School or College vehicles to Pays either Monthly or Yearly.
Technical Feasibility:
This application is technically feasible. Technical issues involved are the necessary technology
existence, technical guarantees of accuracy, reliability, ease of access, data security, aspects of
future expansion.
 Technology exists to develop a system.
 The proposed system is capable of holding data to be used.
 The proposed system is capable of providing adequate response and regardless of
the number of users.
 The proposed system being modular to the administrator, if he/she wants can add
more features in the future and as well as be able to expand the system.

11.  As far as the hardware and software is concerned, the proposed system is
completely liable with proper backup and security.
 Hence, we can say that the proposed system is technically
feasible.
Operational Feasibility:
If the system meets the requirements of the customers and the administrator we can
say that the system is operationally feasible.
The proposed system will be beneficial only if it can be turned into a system which will meet the
requirements of the store when it is developed and installed, and there is sufficient support from
the users.
The proposed system will improve the total performance because:
 Toll check operation becomes faster.
 Verification is also very feasible.
 Customers here are the most important part of the system and the proposed system
will provide them with a convenient mode of operation for them.
 The proposed system will be available to the customers throughout the globe.
 The proposed system will provide a better market for different dealers.
Hence, the proposed system is operationally feasible.
Economical Feasibility:
Economic Feasibility is the most frequently used method for evaluating the
effectiveness of the proposed system if the benefits of the proposed system outweighs the cost
then the decision is made to design and implement the system.we use RFID tag is for
identification.
 The cost of hardware and software is affordable.

12.  High increase in the amount of profit earned by going global.
 Easy and cheap maintenance of the system possible.
 Very cheap price for going global.
Hence, the proposed system is economically feasible.
Legal Feasibility:
Determines whether the proposed system conflicts with legal requirements, e.g. a data processing
system must comply with the local Data Protection Acts.
Schedule Feasibility:
A project will fail if it takes too long to be completed before it is useful. Typically this means
estimating how long the system will take to develop, and if it can be completed in a given time
period using some methods like payback period. Schedule feasibility is a measure of how
reasonable the project timetable is. Given our technical expertise, are the project deadlines
reasonable? Some projects are initiated with specific deadlines. It is necessary to determine
whether the deadlines are mandatory or desirable.

13. 3 SYSEM SPECIFICATION
3.1 Hardware Requirements:
• System : Pentium IV 2.4 GHz.
• Hard Disk : 40 GB.
• Floppy Drive : 1.44 Mb.
• Monitor : 15 VGA Colour.
• Mouse : Logitech.
• Ram : 256 Mb.
3.2 Software Requirements:
• Operating system : - Windows 7.
• Front End : - ECLIPSE
• Coding Language : - PHP
• Back end :- my sql