Tech and Livelihood Education

1. Technology and Livelihood
Education
Quarter 1-Module 3, Week 3:
Conduct a Survey on the Types of
Orchard Farm
Department of Education ● Republic of the Philippines
6

2. Technology and Livelihood Education 6
Alternative Delivery Mode
Quarter 1 - Module 3: Conduct a Survey on the Types of Orchard
Farm
First Edition, 2020
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3. 6
Technology and Livelihood
Education
Quarter 1-Module 3, Week 3:
Conduct a Survey on the Types
of Orchard Farm
Department of Education ● Republic of the Philippines
This instructional material was collaboratively developed and
reviewed by teachers, public school district supervisors and education
program supervisors. We encourage teachers and other education
stakeholders to email their feedback, comments, and recommendations to
the Department of Education at DepEd-Division of Lanao del Norte.
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4. TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
COVER PAGE
COPYRIGHT PAGE
TITLE PAGE
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Lesson 1 – Types of Orchards 1
What I Need to Know 1
What I Know 1
What’s In 2
What’s New 3
What is It 5
What’s More 6
What I Have Learned 6
What I Can Do 7
Assessment 7
Additional Activities 7
Lesson 2 – Tress Appropriate for Orchard Gardening Based on Location,
Climate and Market Demands
8
What I Need to Know 8
What I Know 8
What’s In 9
What’s New 9
What is It 11
What’s More 11
What I Have Learned 11
What I Can Do 12
Assessment 13
Additional Activities 13
Lesson 3 – Proper Way of Planting/Propagating Trees and Fruit-Bearing
Trees (Budding, Marcotting, Grafting)
14
What I Need to Know 14
What I Know 14
What’s In 15
What’s New 16
What is It 16
What’s More 18
What I Have Learned 19
What I Can Do 20
Notes to the Teacher 20
Assessment 20
Additional Activities 21

5. Lesson 4 – How to Care for Seedlings 28
What I Need to Know 28
What I Know 28
What’s In 29
What’s New 30
What is It 30
What’s More 32
What I Have Learned 33
What I Can Do 34
Assessment 34
Additional Activities 34
Lesson 5 – Prepare Layout Design of an Orchard Using Information
Gathered
35
What I Need to Know 35
What I Know 35
What’s In 36
What’s New 36
What is It 37
What’s More 37
What I Have Learned 38
What I Can Do 38
Assessment 39
Additional Activities 39
Key Answer
Reference
40
40

6. 1
Good day learners, what do you feel today? Very good! Our topic is full of excitement
so everyone must participate and do the activities in this learning material.
In this module you will learn how to conduct survey in dealing an orchard farm. At the
end of the module you will be able to explore different lessons and these are:
Lesson 1: Types of orchard farms.
Lesson 2: Trees appropriate for orchard gardening based on location, climate, and market
demands.
Lesson 3: Proper way of planting/propagating trees and fruit-bearing trees.
Lesson 4: How to care for seedlings.
Lesson 5: Prepares layout design of an orchard garden using the information gathered.
Lesson 1 is all about the types of orchard farming. This will give you the knowledge
about the types of orchard farms and the successful orchard growers in the community.
After completing this lesson, you are expected to:
1. identify the types of orchard farms;
2. differentiate the types of orchards farming and other orchards; and
3. appreciate and give importance of orchard farming.
Pre-Test:
Instructions: Read the following test items below. Select the correct answer from the given
choices and write the letter only of your answer in your activity notebook.
1. This is the type of orchard that emphasize on manufacturing seeds to be sold for
profitable purposes.
A. Nut orchard C. Seed orchard
B. Christmas tree farm D. fruit orchard
2. This is a part of land where trees are conserved for food or marketable production.
A. Nut C. Orchard
B. Rectangular D. Seed
3. Peanuts and cacao are examples of products from this type of orchard.
A. Nut Orchard C. Seed Orchard
B. Fruit Orchard D. Christmas Tree Orchard
Lesson
1 TYPES OF ORCHARD FARM
What I N What I Want to Know
What I Know

7. 2
4. It is a kind of orchard farm focus on growing pines can be use as Christmas trees.
A. Fruits Orchard C. Christmas Tree Farms
B. Nut Orchard D. Coffee-Producing Farms
5. Which of the following is not grown in a nut orchard?
A. Almonds C. Coconut
B. Cashew D. Guyabano
a. Direction: Match column A with column B. Write the letter of your answer on your
activity notebook.
Column A Column B
1. Fruit orchard A. A piece of land intended for food and marketable
production.
2. Nut orchard B. These orchard focuses on growing trees and fruit
bearing trees
3. Orchard C. Piece of land focuses on growing plants from
4. seeds like tomato, pechay and radish.
5. Seed orchard D. These orchards include facilities that produce nuts
such as peanut, cacao, and coconut.
6. Christmas tree E. Area where coffee producing plants were planted
for marketable production
7. Durian Farm F. Part of the land planted trees used as Christmas
trees which is famous in Baguio and Tagaytay.
8. Pineapple Farm G. Davao is very famous in producing this very
delicious fruit
9. Coffee Producing farm H. This farm is located in Cagayan de Oro and it is
one of the product of the very productive and
progressive factory of Misamis Oriental.
10. Banana Plantation in Davao I. It is a 12.5 mango orchard in the coastal province
of Zambales.
11. Rosa Farm J. Banana is the leading fruit grown in the Philippines
and a consistent top dollar earner.
Orchard - is a portion of land implanted with fruit trees or nut trees. It is also known as fruit
farm. Therefore, an orchard can have any kind of growing trees and fruit bearing
trees for profitable production.
What’s In
What’s New

8. 3
What are the Types of Orchard Farms?
1. Fruit Orchards
These orchard focuses on growing trees and fruit bearing trees of
which they were famous in the different parts of the country like mango,
pomelo durian, santol, jackfruit, mangosteen, avocado and rambutan other
fruits located anywhere in the country.
2. Seed Orchards
Piece of land focuses on growing plants from seeds like tomato, pechay and radish,
bell pepper, string beans, eggplants, cabbage and etc.
3. Nut Orchards
These orchards include capabilities that produce nuts such as peanut, cacao, and
coconut. (Peanut is very common for producing peanut butter.

9. 4
Other Types of Orchard
1. Christmas Tree farm
It is a type of orchard where an occupation involves growing pine trees
specifically for use as Christmas trees. This is farm can be located at Baguio
and Tagaytay.
2. Coffee Producing farm:
Area where coffee producing plants were planted for marketable production.
Batangas is well known in their coffee production.
Jumbled Words
Form the correct word of the jumbled letters on the left to identify the important terms.
Look at the picture for each jumbled word as a hint.
Jumbled Word Visual Clue Your Answer
1. NAIRUD ____________
2. TUNS ____________
What is It

10. 5
3. TIURF ____________
4. CEFEFO _____________
5. RCHAROD _____________
Identify the different trees and fruit trees that grow in specified orchard. Choose the specific
orchard farm.
________1. Peanut __________6. Coconut
________2. Star Apple __________7. Pomelo
________3. Cocoa __________8. Banana
________4. Mango __________9. Radish
________5. Avocado __________10.Pechay
Orchard - is a portion of land implanted with fruit trees or nut trees. It is also known as fruit
farm. Therefore, an orchard can have any kind of growing trees and fruit bearing
trees for profitable production.
What I Have Learned
Nut orchard farm Coffee Producing farm Christmas Tree farm
Seed Orchards Fruit Orchards

11. 6
LET’S CHECK
Find the following words in the puzzle.
SEED NUT FRUIT COFFEE ORCHARD
A S I O U R P H C A
M E C C O T T I O G
R E G O N E G G F I
G D C I Y U R B F G
H D F R U I T N E T
M Z J D W A F M E F
N T D X T Q T R E E
L U O R C H A R D D
B L C Z O Y N K H S
S R X A F K G P G W
Explain: Why is Orchard Farming important?
Instruction- Choose the word inside the box to complete the statement below.
1.___________________ emphasize primarily on growing trees that produce seeds.
2.___________________ includes a huge variation of facilities that produce nut-bearing
trees.
3.___________________ include any facility focused on growing fruit-bearing trees.
4.The _______________ focus on cocoa and chocolate-producing nuts, as well as peanuts.
5. Lemon, Pomelo and durian can be found in ______________________.
Instructions: Interview an orchard grower your family know in the locality. Inquire about how
the orchard was established, how it operates and how profitable it is now at the present.
Write down your findings and observations in your activity notebook.
What I Can Do
Assessment
Additional Activities
Fruit Orchard Nut Orchard Seed Orchard Christmas Tree Farms
Coffee -Production Farm Orchard

12. 7
My dear learners how are you today? I hope that you are in good health by this time
inspite of the on going observations of the pandemic…COVID 19. We will not stop learning
new things around us.
This lesson is all about trees appropriate for orchard gardening based on location,
climate and market demands.
After completing this module, you are expected to:
1. identify trees appropriate for orchard gardening based on location, climate and
market demands;
2. differentiate the different factors in planting fruit trees based on location, climate
and market demands; and
3. appreciate the importance of orchard gardening.
Instructions: Read the following test items below. Write True on the line if the statement is
correct. Write False if it is incorrect and write your answer in your activity notebook.
_____1. Planting trees safeguards the soil from erosion and floods.
_____2. Sunlight refer to the amount of coldness and hotness of the atmosphere at a
definite period.
_____3. Trees are very dependent on water and serve as a solvent for the nutrients from
the soil.
_____4. Soil contains mineral elements essential for normal plant growth and change.
_____5. Trees easily die when they have developed to maturity because of extreme
temperature changes.
Fill in the blanks. Identify the type of orchard of the following plants below.
Lesson
2
Tress Appropriate for Orchard
Gardening Based on Location, Climate
and Market Demands
What I Need to Know
What I Know
What’s In

13. 8
___________1. Guava ___________6. Radish
___________2. Coconut ___________7. Pomelo
___________3.Papaya ___________8. Tomato
___________4.Cacao ___________9. String beans
___________5.Peanut ___________10.Avocado
Factors to consider in choosing fruit trees for your orchard:
1. Choose fruit trees which are suited to your location.
2. Choose trees based on your needs or market demands.
3. Consider how much effort you will exert.
4. Plant the right fruits.
5. Choose the best time for planting.
6. Consider the climate in your area.
7. For healthiest and tastiest fruit, choose the sunniest available planting
location.
Trees suited for orchard gardening based the following:
 LOCATION
Hill side Slope Valley Plain
Coconut
Mango
Pili nut
Palm tree
Mango
Coconut
Cashew
Palm tree
Pili nut
Durian
Banana
Papaya
Mangosteen
Banana
Mango
Citrus fruits
Dragon fruit
Jackfruit
Guava
 CLIMATE
Elevated ( Cold) Low (Warm) Dry Season Wet Season
Grape
Pomelo
Mango
Coconut
Banana
Guava
Durian
Banana
Pili nut
Palm tree
Dragon fruit
Papaya,
Guava
Durian
Banana
Mango
 MARKET DEMAND
Year-round Seasonal
Banana
Mango
Citrus
Dragon fruit
Papaya
Coconut
Jackfruit
Guava
Star apple
Santol
What’s New

14. 9
Directions: Classify the following trees and fruit trees based on location,
climate and market demands.
Coconut Banana Durian Papaya Mango
Hill Side Slope Plain Low
(Warm)
Dry
Season
Wet
Season
Year-round
(Market
Demand)
Instruction: Answer the following questions and write your answer in your activity
notebook.
What are the factors to consider in planting fruit trees?
1.__________________ 2. _______________ 3. ____________
4.__________________ 5. _______________
Trees suited for orchard gardening are based on the following:
a) Location
b) Climate
c) Market Demand
Directions: Write check (/) if the statement is correct and (X) if it is wrong.
__________1. Choose fruit trees which are not suited to the location.
__________2. Choose trees based on your needs or market demands.
What is It
What’s More
What I Have Learned
What I Can Do

15. 10
__________3. Personal choice should be considered in planting trees.
__________4. Plant the right fruits and the variety in a proper location.
__________5. Choose the best time for planting
Post-Test:
Instructions: Read the following test items below. Write True on the line if the statement is
correct. Write False if it is not correct and write your answer in your activity notebook.
_____1. Planting trees guard the soil from erosion and floods.
_____2. There are more demands in buying bottled or canned fruits because it is more
nutritious than fresh fruits.
_____3. Planting trees reduces destruction of homes and crops by serving as windbreakers.
during typhoon and storms.
_____4. Inorganic fertilizers come from decayed fruits and vegetables peelings and animal
manures.
_____5. In fruit tree production select a variety of tree that is not found in your locality.
Instructions:
Conduct an interview of an orchard grower in the community. Ask about how the
orchard was established, how it operates and how profitable it is. Write your observations
and notes in your activity notebook. Observe social distancing and wear face mask in
conducting the activity.
Good day learners! Are you excited to learn a new lesson? So, what are you waiting
for? START LEARNING NOW!
Lesson
3
Proper Way of Planting/Propagating
Trees and Fruit-Bearing Trees
(Budding, Marcotting, Grafting)
Post Assessment
Additional Activities
What I Need to Know

16. 11
This lesson is about conducting a survey to identify the proper way of
planting/propagating trees and fruit-bearing trees like budding, marcotting and grafting.
After completing this lesson, you are expected to:
1. identify proper way of planting, propagating trees and fruit bearing trees;
2. demonstrate proper way of planting, propagating trees and fruit-bearing trees; and
3. value the importance of plant propagation.
Pre-Test: Instructions: Read the following test items below. Select the correct answer from
the given choices and write the letter only of your answer in your activity notebook.
1. These refer to stems or shoots emerging from portion of plants or trees.
A. runners B. suckers C. rhizomes D. seeds
2. Roots emerged from the surface which new plant develops from buds.
A. rhizomes B. runners C. suckers D. cuttings
3. A sexual type of propagation, the most common as it is the easiest.
A. seeds B. runners C. suckers D. cuttings
4. A type of propagation which refers to a part of a plant that is cut and propagated.
A. seed B. runners C. marcotting D. cutting
5. These are slim branches that grow from bases of stems running along the ground.
A. seeds B. runners C. marcotting D. cuttings
Definition of Terms
Term Definition
Scion A young shoot or twig of a plant, especially one cut for grafting or
rooting.
Suckers These refer to stems or shoots emerging from portions of plants or
trees.
Runners These are slim branches that grow from bases of stems running along
the ground as in strawberries.
Rhizomes The roots emerge at the surface from which new plants develop from
buds
Instructions: Read the following questions below. Select the correct answer from the given
choices and write the letter of your answer in your activity notebook.
1. The following are the factors to consider in choosing fruit trees for your orchard, which
is not?
A. Choose fruit trees which are suited to your location
What I Know
What’s In

17. 12
B. Choose trees based on your needs or market demands
C. Choose the best time for planting
D. none of the above
2. Which of the following tress are best planted in slope?
A. banana B. citrus fruit C. cashew D. papaya
3. Which of the following tress are best planted in valley?
A. durian, banana, papaya and mangosteen
B. coconut, mango, pili nut and palm tree
C. coconut, mango, cashew and palm tree
D. citrus fruit, guava, dragon fruit and jackfruit
4. Which of the following tress are best planted in plain?
A. pili nut B. star apple C. jackfruit D. B and C
5. Which of the following tress are best planted in elevated cold?
A. guava and durian B. papaya and star apple
C. grape and pomelo D. durian and banana
Analyze the puzzle. Find and encircle the five terms in plant propagation.
A E I O U R P H R H
M A R C O T T I N G
R W G R N E G G E I
G S C I O N R B C G
H D B J I S A N U T
M Z J D W A F M T F
N T D X T Q T R T E
L U V C U W I L I D
B L C Z O Y N K N S
S R X A F K G P G W
Plant propagation is a method or reproducing, increasing, or multiplying plant
species. It is being practiced because it will increase the number of plant species, produce
plant varieties that are resistant to some insect pests and diseases.
PROPER WAY OF PROPAGATING FRUIT-BEARING TREES
1. Cutting - The leaves are removed and the stems are cut 10 inches long. One—half of the
cutting is inserted into the soil. Example: Sinigwelas, Kamoteng kahoy.
2. Marcotting or Air layering – induces the stem to develop roots while it is still growing
on the mother plant. The steps are as follows:
a. Select a healthy branch.
b. Remove a ring-like layer of soft bark about 2 to 3 inches long or until you reach
the bark about 2 to 3 inches long or until you reach the hard, wood layer.
c. Apply sphagnum moss around the cut surface.
d. Cover securely with a piece of plastic sheet.
e. Tie both ends to prevent drying of the rooting medium. Keep it moist.
What’s New
What is It

18. 13
f. Cut the marcot just below the ball of sphagnum moss when sufficient roots
develop.
g. Remove some leaves to further induce root development.
h. Place the potted in a cool and shady place.
3. Grafting – is a plant propagation method that involves inserting a scion into a stock so
that they will form a union and grow together.
 Preparing the Stock. Start at the cut surface of the rootstock and make a vertical slit
through the bark where each scion can be inserted (2 inches long and spaced 1 inch apart).
 Preparing the Scion. Since multiple scions are usually inserted around the cut surface of
the rootstock, prepare several scions for each graft. Cut the base of each scion to a 11
⁄2- to
2-inch tapered wedge on one side only.
 Inserting the Scion. Loosen the bark slightly and insert the scion so that the wedge-
shaped tapered surface of the scion is against the exposed wood under the flap of bark.
Push the scion firmly down into place behind the flap of bark, replace the bark flap, and
nail the scion in place by driving one or two wire brads through the bark and scion into the
rootstock. Insert a scion every 3 to 4 inches around the cut perimeter of the rootstock.
 Securing the Graft. Seal all exposed surfaces with grafting wax or grafting paint. Once the
scions have begun to grow, leave only the most vigorous one on each stub; prune out all
the others. Bark grafts tend to form weak unions and therefore usually require staking or
support during the first few years.
4. Budding – the process of transferring the lateral bud taken from the scion to the stock of
the same family. The steps are the following:
1. Cut bud sticks from strong shoots of the present season's growth with mature buds
that are slightly brownish in color.
2. Clip off the leaves from the bud sticks, leaving 1/2 inch of the leafstalk for a handle.
3. Discard the soft tips of the bud sticks.
4. Choose branches from the rootstock that are the size of a lead pencil up to 1/2 inch

19. 14
diameter. Larger branches have too thick a bark for this method to work.
5. On the rootstock, about 15 or more inches from the trunk, make a T cut across the
bark.
6. With a knife blade, lift the corners and carefully loosen the bark.
7. Cut a bud from the bud stick which includes a thin piece of attached wood.
8. Slide the bud under the flaps of the bark on the rootstock until the ends are firm. Using
electrician's tape, tie the bud to the rootstock.
10. Wrap the ends tightly, but be sure not to cover the bud with tape.
11. In two to three weeks, cut the tie so you will not girdle the graft.
12. The next year, cut the rootstock off above the graft when the bud starts growing.
13. Remove any shoots below the graft.
14. The second year, remove all growth from the tree except the bud grafted shoots.
Example of Fruit-bearing trees propagated by the sexual method (use of seeds):
1. Avocado 3. Mangosteen 5. Mango
2. Star apple 4. Santol
Example of Fruit-bearing trees propagated asexually or by artificial methods:
1. Avocado (Grafting) 3. Guyabano (Grafting) 5. Macopa (Marcotting)
2. Banana (Rhizomes) 4. Guava (Marcotting) 6. Pineapple (Suckers)
Instruction: Write the correct answer in the crossword puzzle.
Down
4. - The process of transferring the lateral bud taken from the scion to the stock of the same
family
5. –The leaves are removed and the stems are cut 10 inches long.
Across
1. - Induces the stem to develop roots while it is still growing on the mother plant.
2. - A plant propagation method that involves inserting a scion into a stock so that they will
form a union and grow together.
3. -The roots emerge at the surface from which new plants develop from buds.
4
5
3
1
What’s More

20. 15
2
Plant propagation is a method or reproducing, increasing, or multiplying plant species. It is
being practiced because it will increase the number of plant species, produce plant varieties
that are resistant to some insect pests and diseases. evolve new and better varieties of
plants suited to different conditions of soil and climate, accelerate and at the same time
lessen the bearing age of plants and avert the extinction of some plant species. These are
Cutting, Marcotting or Air layering, Grafting and Budding.
Instruction: Interview at least three (3) farmers/gardeners in your community or a member
of a family engaged in business/farming.
Name:
Age:
Mobile Number:
Type of farm:
1. Way of planting/propagating used in propagating fruit-bearing trees:
2. Why do you think you prefer to use that way in planting/propagating in propagating
fruit-bearing trees?
Interviewee Signature:
What have you learned from the people you interviewed?
___________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________.
Direction: Choose the letter of the correct answer and write it on your quiz notebook.
1. A type of propagation which refers to a part of a plant that is cut and propagated.
a. seeds b. runners c. marcotting d. cutting
2. _______is the process of removing a ring of the bark on a large branch organs of the
plant.
a. marcotting b. budding c. grafting d. cutting
3. Why do grafting and budding considered the most important means of plant
propagation?
a. grafting and budding can be done in less than a minute.
b. grafting and budding can be done without water.
c. grafting and budding are the easiest ways to use.
What I Can
Do
What I Have Learned
Post Assessment

21. 16
d. grafting and budding can propagate plants that can’t be propagated by
air layering
4. Which of the following elements in planting trees focuses on the biological function of
the trees?
a. appropriate temperature b. enough sunlight
c. enough space d. minerals from the ground
5. Plant propagation is a method or reproducing, increasing, or multiplying plant species.
Why is it being practiced?
a. To increase the number of plant species
b. To produce plant varieties that are resistant to some insect pests and
diseases
c. To evolve new and better varieties of plants suited to different conditions
of soil and climate
d. All the above
Directions: Practice/perform the different ways in planting/propagating trees and fruit-
bearing trees in your garden. Take a photo of it.
Good day learners, how are you today? Are you excited to learn a new
lesson? Agriculture is everything involved with growing plants and animals to be
used for something else. It encompasses production agriculture, but also everything
before and after the farm too. It is challenging yet fullfilling.
This lesson is all about how to care for seedlings. This will give you an idea on how
to become a successful orchard grower.
After completing this module, you are expected to:
1. identify the different ways on how to care for seedlings;
2. demonstrate ways on how to care of seedlings; and
3. appreciate the importance of taking good care of the seedlings.
Pre-Test:
Lesson
4 How to Care for Seedlings
Additional Activities
What I Need to Know
What I
Know

22. 17
Instructions: Read the following test items below. Select the correct answer from the given
choices and write the letter only of your answer in your activity notebook.
1. A method that removes immature, broken, undersized, and infested seeds, weed seeds,
stones and other impurities.
A. Seed Box method B. Dish Method
C. Visual Inspection method D. none of the above
2. A method that place the number of seeds in a seed box and sprinkle with water.
A. Seed Box method B. Visual Inspection method
C. Dish Method D. Rag – doll method
3. A method that place the seeds in a damp cloth with spaces.
A. Seed Box method B. Visual Inspection method
C. Dish Method D. Rag – doll method
4. A method that has a procedure of “’Cover it with another sheet of moist tissue paper for
germination and count the seeds.
A. Seed Box method B. Visual Inspection method
C. Dish Method D. Rag – doll method
5. A method that counts the seeds that germinated after several days.
A. Rag – doll method B. Seed Box method
C. Dish Method D. Visual Inspection method
Definition of Terms
Term Definition
Seed A part of a seed plant which can grow into a new plant. It is a
reproductive structure which disperses, and can survive for
some time.
Germination The beginning growth of a seed is called germination or
sprouting wherein a root is grown first to establish itself to the
ground to produce its food. Then continue to grow and develop
organs.
Instructions: Read the following questions below. Select the correct answer from the
given choices and write the letter of your answer in your activity notebook.
1. They develop scientific improvements for each plant species in a locality and
adjacent
places.
A. Bureau of Plant Industry B. Department of Agriculture
C. Commercial Nursery D. Agricultural Institution
2. It is run by private individuals usually offering landscaping materials and services.
A. Agricultural Institution B. Commercial Nursery
C. Department of Agriculture D. Bureau of Plant Industry
3. A school that offers a course related to agriculture and other plant studies.
A. Department of Agriculture B. Bureau of Plant Industry
C. Agricultural Institution D. Commercial Nursery
4. Responsible for any agricultural activities in terms of vegetables and fruits.
A. Commercial Nursery B. Bureau of Plant Industry
C. Agricultural Institution D. Department of Agriculture
What’s in

23. 18
5. Source of Durian fruits in Mindanao.
A. Davao City B. Cagayan de Oro City C. Bukidnon D. Valencia City
Instructions: Read the following questions below. Select the correct answer from the box
and write your answer in your activity notebook.
Give them plenty of light Keep the seedlings moist
Feed the seedlings Thin Seedlings as needed
Guard against leggy plants Protect against damping off disease
________1. Provide water to your seedling every couple of days.
________2. As soon as the newborn seedling begins to emerge, it seeks light.
________3. Seedlings are leggy when their main stem or stalk grows tall and thin and can
hardly support the leaf structure.
________4. This is a white mold that forms in the top of the soil.
________5. Plants in your garden do not like to be crowded.
Caring of seeds begin its selection up to storing them.
1. Proper selection of seeds
 Seeds must come from mature fruits or nearly mature fruits.
 Seed must have good germinating capacity. Collect seed only from healthy,
vigorous trees with good form, and quality growth.
 Seed should be free from mixture of weed seeds. Avoid picking from isolated
and naturally cross pollinating species of trees because they are of low
viability
 Seeds must be free from damage or diseases
 Seeds covered with pulp or with fruit juice must be washed. Dry good seeds
quickly under the sun.
2. Testing of Seeds – Plant growers can determine the germinating ability of the seeds by
testing them. Testing seeds before planting also prevents wasting of good seeds or avoid
the need to plant again.
Here are some ways of testing seeds
Method Procedure
Visual
Inspection Method
1. Scoop a handful of seeds. Check the Composition of
the seeds
2. Remove immature, broken, undersized , and infested
seeds, weed seeds, stones and other impurities
Dish Method 1. Line the dish with moist tissue paper and seed
2. Cover it with another sheet of moist tissue paper for
germination and count the seeds
Rag – doll Method 1. Place the seeds in damp cloth with spaces
2. Roll the cloth on a piece of stick to circulate air
3. Count the number of seeds that Germinate after 3
days
What’s New?
What is It

24. 19
Seed Box Method 1. Place the number of seeds in a seed box and
sprinkle with water
2. Count the seeds that germinated after several days
3. Compute the percentage of germination using the
formula
Number of seeds sawn x 100= Percentage of germination
3. Storing of Seeds
The life of the seed must be ensured when storing it. Humidity is an important factor
causing deterioration of the vitality of the seeds when stored at room temperature. In
case the seeds are stored at room temperature, it should not be stored in a sealed
container except when the moisture content is reduced.
Reminders in storing a seeds:
a. In using desiccants, remember to use a container with tight cover. Place only the
desiccants at the bottom part with a punched- holed cardboard on top. Place the
seeds on top of the cardboard or in an envelope with proper labeling.
b. In cold temperature storing, put dry seeds in a bottle or jar with tight cover and
store only in the low or cold temperature.
c. Examine the bottled seeds without opening them once a month and checked for
possible fungi or insect infestation.
Maintaining your seedlings:
1. Thin Seedlings as needed
Plants in your garden do not like to be crowded.
2. Give them plenty of light
As soon as the new born seedling begins to emerge, it seeks light. Your
new-born needs as much direct light source as possible.
3. Keep the seedlings moist
Provide water to your seedling every couple of days. Do not soak the soil
night. Overly wet soil encourages the development of damping off disease. Let the soil
dry out a little on the top, then water thoroughly.
4. Feed the seedlings
The seedling does not need a lot of extra nutrients in its first few days of life. Your
soil starting mix usually comes with a balanced formula of nutrients that the seedlings
need. After several days, adding a little liquid fertilizer to the water is helpful, but you
do not need to give it full strength.
5. Guard against Leggy Plants
Seedlings are leggy when their main stem or stalk grows tall and thin and can
hardly support the leaf structure. It is caused by insufficient sunlight and a sheltered
environment.
6. Protect against Damping Off Disease
Those of us who have grown seedling indoors for any number of years know what
"Damping Off" disease. This is a white mould that forms in the top of the soil. Damping
Off disease flourishes in cold, wet damp weather along with little sunshine. It quickly
spreads across the soil and wilts the seedling.
If you do experience problems, do not give up hope. Here are some things you can
do to minimize or eliminate disease problems:
 First, get the plant in direct sunlight if possible.
 Stop watering until the surface is very dry.
 Water only from the bottom.

25. 20
 Scrape as much of the mold off the soil as possible.
 Stir the top of the soil without disturbing the roots. It will also speed drying.
 Add some soil, although this may or may not produce results.
 Increase room air circulation. You can gently blow air on your plant trays with a small
fan.
Controlling the Disease
Controlling the disease is a matter of removing the environment that Damping Off disease
thrives in. Here are the basic do's and don'ts:
Directions: Using the Fishbone graphic organizer, list all the 6ways of caring/
maintaining the seeds.
Answer the question briefly.
When does the caring/maintaining of seeds starts? When does it ends?
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
Do`s Don`ts
Do buy sterilized seed-starting soil. Don't leave your seedling trays in the basement.
Basements are perfect breeding grounds for
diseases.
Do use clean, sterilized containers. Don't overwater plants.
Do provide plenty of air circulation. Don't use fertilizer on your new seedlings.
Do use a small fan and direct a gentle breeze
across the room. The important word here is
"gentle"
Don't use tray covers. While it is a popular practice
to use them, they increase the humidity level and
encourage disease growth.
Do thin seedlings to increase air circulation. Did you know? Nitrogen in your fertilizer can
promote rapid growth of Damping Off Disease.
Do provide as much sunlight as possible.
Do let the surface of the soil dry out between
watering. Watering from the bottom is
preferred.
Do stir the top of the soil around the seedlings.
What I Have Learned
What’s More?

26. 21
Caring of seeds begin its selection up to storing them.
Proper way of selecting seeds:
⮚ Seeds must come from mature fruits or nearly mature fruits.
⮚ Seed must have good germinating capacity. Collect seed only from healthy,
vigorous trees with good form, and quality growth.
⮚ Seed should be free from mixture of weed seeds. Avoid picking from isolated
naturally cross pollinating species of trees because they are of low viability
⮚ Seeds must be free from damage or diseases
⮚ Seeds covered with pulp or with fruit juice must be washed. Dry good seeds
quickly under the sun.
By following the DO`S and DON`Ts in maintaining our seeds it will help us to become a
good orchard gardener.
Directions: Create a simple plant nursery at your backyard. Demonstrate/perform the ways
on how to care for seedling/maintain seedling.
RUBRICS FOR SCORING
10 – If all of the ways on how to care for seedling are correctly demonstrate
8- If almost all of the ways on how to care for seedling are correctly demonstrate
6- If some of the ways on how to care for seedling are correctly demonstrate
4- If few of the ways on how to care for seedlings are correctly demonstrate
2- If none of the ways on how to care for seedling are correctly demonstrate
POS Assessment
Do`s Don`ts
Do buy sterilized seed -starting soil. Don't leave your seedling trays in the basement.
Basements are perfect breeding grounds.
Do use clean, sterilized containers. Don't overwater plants.
Do provide plenty of air circulation. Don't use fertilizer on your new seedlings.
Do use a small fan and direct a gentle breeze
across the room. The important word here is
"gentle"
Don't use tray covers. While it is a popular practice
to use them, they increase the humidity level and
encourage disease growth.
Do thin seedlings to increase air circulation. Did you know? Nitrogen in your fertilizer can
promote rapid growth of Damping Off Disease.
Do provide as much sunlight as possible.
Do let the surface of the soil dry out between
watering. Watering from the bottom is
preferred.
Do stir the top of the soil around the seedlings.
What I Can Do

27. 22
Directions. Fill in the blank with the correct answer. Write your answer in your quiz
notebook.
1. _______is the way of testing seeds by removing immature, broken, undersized, and
infested seeds.
2. In a seed box method, you place the number of seeds in a __________ and sprinkle
with water.
3. A ________ is a method of testing seeds that you place the seeds in a damp cloth with
spaces.
4. Line the dish with moist tissue paper and seed cover with another sheet of moist tissue
paper for germination is a procedure in ___________method.
5. The first step in caring a seed is ______________selection of seeds.
Directions: Out from your created simple plant nursery at your backyard, plant/propagate
seedlings on it. Following the ways on how to care for seedling/maintain seedling.
Welcome to TLE 6 Agriculture! This lesson introduces you on the key
concepts and ideas on Preparing Layout Design of an Orchard Gardening. Here, you
will learn the techniques of planting the crops in proper system.
At the end of this lesson, you are expected to:
a. explain the core concepts of lay out design of an orchard;
b. make a layout design of an Orchard; and
c. appreciate the importance of layout design of an orchard.
Multiple Choice: Read the following statements and questions. Choose the letter of the
correct answer. Write it in your activity notebook.
1. Which is NOT the meaning of layout?
Lesson
5
Prepare Layout Design of an Orchard
Using Information Gathered
Additional Activities
What I Know
What I Need to Know

28. 23
A. It is a technique of planting crops in a proper system.
B. Step-by-step information on system installation.
C. It is a location where fruit bearing crops are grown.
D. It is done to mark the positions of the plants in the field.
2. Which of the following gives the most important reasons of an orchard gardening?
A. Provide vital green spaces in our town and cities
B. Reducing impact on climate change
C. Provide abundant harvests of fresh fruits and many environmental benefits.
D. All of the above
3. Which is NOT a type of a lay out design?
A. Square Method C. Triangular Method
B. Rectangular Method D. Circular Method
4. Which of the following lay out design called diagonal method?
A. B. C. D.
5. It is the easiest and simplest way of laying out a design with the same distance
measurement.
A. Triangular/Hexagonal Method C. Square Method
B. Quincunx/Diagonal Method D. Contour or Terracing Method
Activity 1.1
Write down in your notebook the different types of orchard farms learned in the previous
lesson.
Activity 1.2
Directions: Read the story below then answer the questions that follow. Write your answers
in your activity notebook.
What’s In
What’s New
Mang Tasyo and Mang Teryo were good neighbors. They loved to
plant and eat vegetables and fruits. One day, Mang Tasyo met Mang Teryo
and told him his plan that they are going to construct vegetable gardens in
their own yard.
Mang Tasyo wanted to have beautiful and proper location of his
plants in his garden. So, he decided to make a layout for his garden. While
Mang Teryo did not bothered himself on making a layout for his garden
because he believed that plants would just grow and bear fruits once it
planted.
Few months later, different fruits trees and vegetables grew together
in their yard. And they were both happy with their work.

29. 24
Mang Tasyo;s Garden Mang Teryo;s Garden
Questions:
1. Which garden is in good shape and beautiful?
2. Is it really important to plan a layout on your garden? Why?
3. If you are going to have your own garden, what would you do first? Why?
Hi! Now you are going to discover the concepts and importance of “Laying out a
design of an Orchard,” The activity that you just had is an example of a layout design. Are
you excited? First, learn the concepts, methods and its importance.
Lay out - is a technique of planting crops, a location of the position of plants, a
drawing of your plants positioning in specific area which gives aesthetic view on your
orchard.
Types of Lay out Design
1. Square Method – simplest and easiest method with the same distance
measurement
Example
2. Rectangular Method – formed from four adjacent trees that are in rectangular
shape
Example
What is It

30. 25
3. Quincunx or Diagonal Method – trees are planted like in square method but
has additional tree in the center of each square called a “filler
crop” (back up plants and should be green most of the time).
Example
4. Equilateral triangle or Hexagonal Method – trees are planted at the corners
of an equilateral triangle, where six triangles are joined forming
a hexagon shape with a seventh tree at the center.
Example
5. Contour or Terracing Method – the imaginary line connecting all points with
equal elevation across the slope is called contour done in hilly areas by
connecting all points of some elevation across slope maintaining the
space.
Example
Laying out an orchard - is very important in such a way that it gives you easy
operations like cultivation, intercropping, irrigation, spraying of plant, protection
chemicals and growth regulators with the following benefits:
- reduce pollution and take up carbon dioxide
- provide oxygen, provide habitat for wildlife
What’s More

31. 26
- provide habitat for wildlife, healthy body
- hold water and reduce soil erosion,
- gives shade to people and cool environment
- economic opportunity
-
Activity 1.4
Direction: Read and match Column A with Column B. Write your answer in your activity
notebook.
Column A Column B
1. Contour and Terracing Method a. simplest and easiest method
2. Square Method b. formed from four adjacent trees that are in
a rectangular shape rectangular shape
3. Equilateral Triangle or Hexagonal Method c. trees are planted like in square method
but has additional tree in the center of
each square called a ‘filler crop”
4. Quincunx or Diagonal Method d. trees are planted at the corners of an
equilateral triangle, where six triangles
are joined forming hexagon shape with
seventh tree at the center
5. Rectangular Method e. the imaginary line connecting all points
with equal elevation across the slope
g. Connects to a certain point of area.
Activity 1.5
Direction: Make a layout design using the method you just learned earlier and which you
think best for your area.
Here, your performance will be assessed from the rubrics below.
What I Have Learned
What I Can Do

32. 27
Direction: Read the following statements and questions. Choose the letter of the correct
answer. Write it in your activity notebook.
1. What fruit bearing trees that are commonly produced in the Philippines?
A. apple C. blueberries
B. kiwi D. mango
2. How many trees do you need to make an orchard?
A. Three trees together C. Four trees together
B. Five trees together D. two trees together
3. Which type of orchard farms focus primarily on growing trees that produce high
quality of seeds?
A. Seed Orchard C. Nut Orchard
B. Fruit Orchard D. Tree Farm
4. Which type of orchard farms focused on growing tree-bearing fruits?
A. Seed Orchard C. Nut Orchard
B. Fruit Orchard D. Pine Orchard
5. Which do you think is the most important reason of putting up an orchard?
A. Provides delicious and nutritious fruits to the people
B. To create healthy, diverse and resilient system, while reducing our impact on
` climate change and environmental degradation
C. Provide vital green spaces in our cities and towns
D. All of the above.
Activity 1.6
Criteria
Scores
5 3 1
Accuracy The pictorial view was
drawn according to
standard
The pictorial view was
somehow drawn
according to standard
The pictorial view
was not drawn
according to standard
Design Layout is easy to
navigate
Layout shows potential Layout is confusing
Line Technique Application of various
line was used
according to planned
At least three (3) lines
used not according to
standards
More than five (5)
lines were not
according to
standards
Neatness Output was neatly
done
Erasures/smudges are
observable on the
layout
Outputs has too
many
erasures/smudges
Assessment
Additional Activities

33. 28
Direction: Write a paragraph of at least five (5) sentences about the importance of Layout
Design of an orchard. Do it on your activity notebook.
Lesson 1
Lesson 2
Answer Key

34. 29
Lesson 3
What’s New
A E I O U R P H R H
M A R C O T T I N G
R W G R N E G G E I
G S C I O N R B C G
H D B J I S A N U T
What`s in
1. D
2. C
3. A
4. D
5. C

35. 30
M Z J D W A F M T F
N T D X T Q T R T E
L U V C U W I L I D
B L C Z O Y N K N S
S R X A F K G P G W
What`s More
4
B
U
D
5 D
C 3 R H I Z O M E S
U N
1 M A R C O T T I N G
T
I
2 G R A F T I N G
G
Lesson 4
Thin Seedlings Give them Keep the
What’s New
1. Keep the seedlings moist
2. Give them plenty of light
3. Guard against Leggy Plants
4. Protect Against Damping Off
Disease
5. Thin Seedlings as needed
What`s in
1 A
2 B
3 C
4 D
5 A

36. 31
as needed plenty of light seedlings moist
Feed the Guard against Protect Against
seedlings Leggy Plants Damping Off Disease
Lesson 5

37. 32
References:
Lesson 1
Valencia Detailed Lesson Plan
Lesson 2
Valencia Detailed Lesson Plan
Lesson 3
Readymade DLP of Valencia City pages 44-48, 65, 70-72
Lesson 4
https://commons.deped.gov.ph/categories/aa83ff98-ob05-488e-80fb-7b1bea61640
Lesson 5
Readymade DLP of Valencia City pages 49-51
Lesson 6
http://ecoursesonline.iasri.res.in/mod/page/view.php?=1578
https://www.scribd.com/doc/52307512/Method-of
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orchard
https://www.theorchardproject.org.uk/guides_and_advise/things-to-look-out-for-whe
https://havefunclass.blogspot.com/p/orchard-gardening.html?m=1

38. 33
For inquiries or feedback, please write or call:
Department of Education – Division of Lanaodel Norte
Office Address:Gov. A. QuibranzaProv’l. Gov’t. Compound,
Pigcarangan, Tubod, LanaodelNorte
Telephone Nos.: (063)227 – 6633, (063)341 – 5109
E-mail Address: lrmdsldn@gmail.com