17. poultry
diseases and
parasites
TLE 9 | POULTRY
Avian influenza or bird flu refers to the
disease caused by infection with avian
(bird) influenza (flu) Type A viruses. These
viruses naturally spread among wild
aquatic birds worldwide and can infect
domestic poultry and other bird and
animal species.
19. The disease is called blackhead because
birds will sometimes develop a bluish or
blackish coloration of the head. Signs of
histomoniasis include yellow (“sulfur-
colored”) feces, depression, ruffled
feathers, huddling, anorexia, and in some
birds cyanosis of the head where the
common name “blackhead” arose.
poultry
diseases and
parasites
TLE 9 | POULTRY
21. Coronaviral enteritis is an
acute, highly contagious
disease of turkeys
characterized by
depression, anorexia (an
eating disorder) , diarrhea,
and decreased weight gain.
poultry
diseases and
parasites
TLE 9 | POULTRY
23. Bumblefoot is a staph infection that
affects a chicken's foot pad.
Bumblefoot can occur in one foot or
in both feet at the same time. This
staph infection is caused by the
staphylococcus aureus bacteria,
which can be present on a chicken's
skin and mucous membranes.
poultry
diseases and
parasites
TLE 9 | POULTRY
A staph infection is an infection with the bacteria Staphylococcus, which
people often refer to by the abbreviation “staph.”
25. Botulism is a disease characterised
by paralysis of the neck and limbs
of poultry. Usually, a number of
birds are affected and they
succumb quickly. All domestic
poultry, including fowls, turkeys,
waterfowl, pheasants, emus and
most wild birds are susceptible.
poultry
diseases and
parasites
TLE 9 | POULTRY
27. Coccidiosis or intestinal coccidiosis.
It is caused by a parasitic organism
that damages the host’s intestinal
system, causing loss of production,
morbidity and death. This disease
has a major economic impact on
the global poultry industry.
poultry
diseases and
parasites
TLE 9 | POULTRY
29. • Fowl cholera is a contagious bacterial infection.
The disease can range from acute septicaemia
(blood poisoning) to chronic and localised
infections. Transmission can occur through
secretions from carrier birds, infected droppings,
or cannibalism of dead birds, as well as through
contaminated feed, water, equipment, or
clothing. Wild birds and animals such as
raccoons, opossums, dogs, cats, pigs, and
rodents may harbor the disease and serve as
reservoirs of infection that actively spread the
disease.
poultry
diseases and
parasites
TLE 9 | POULTRY
31. Pox is a relatively slow spreading viral
infection of chickens characterized by
scab-like lesions on the skin of the
unfeathered body parts and/or
diphtheritic (wet) membranes lining
the mouth or air passages.
poultry
diseases and
parasites
TLE 9 | POULTRY
33. Infectious bronchitis is a highly contagious,
acute infection of chickens characterized by
nasal discharge, coughing, and rales. In
layers, it causes a marked reduction in egg
production and quality. There is not
treatment for the virus but drugs in the
water may control the bacterial infection
that occurs afterwards. Not only should you
avoid commercial hens, you should avoid
visiting commercial egg farms.
poultry
diseases and
parasites
TLE 9 | POULTRY
36. The large roundworm, Ascaridia galli is
the most common intestinal parasite
found in backyard and free range
chicken flocks worldwide. It is a
yellowish white, thick worm which can
grow up to 115 mm (4.5 inches) in
length. It lives freely inside the
chicken's small intestine.
poultry
diseases and
parasites
TLE 9 | POULTRY
37.
38.
39. The Cecal worm is a common parasite
of backyard poultry flocks. As the
name implies, the Cecal worm inhabits
the cecum of the bird. Cecal worms
cause little or no damage to chicken
flocks but the Cecal worm can carry
the organism that causes blackhead
disease in turkeys.
poultry
diseases and
parasites
TLE 9 | POULTRY
45. poultry
diseases and
parasites
TLE 9 | POULTRY
Chicken mite (or red poultry mite,
Dermanyssus gallinae) is a blood-
sucking mite that generally feeds on
poultry during the night. During the day
these mites may be hiding in areas
throughout the poultry house,
especially in cracks and crevices of
sur- rounding woodwork, under clods
of dirt or manure, or in nests.