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Effects of Large Wood on a
Thermally Stressed Fluvial
Ecosystem
Raymond Timm PhD1, Kate MacNeale PhD2,
Andrew Gendaszek3
Ray.timm@fishsciences.net
206-963-1098
1Cramer Fish Sciences
2King County Department of Natural Resources
3U.S. Geological Survey
Thank You!
• This work was funded through the Cooperative
Watershed Management Grant program and
WRIA 7.
• Many hands make light work:
• King County
– Bob Pendergast, Chris Gregersen, Dan Lantz, Josh
Kubo, Ken Rauscher
• USGS
– Chad Opatz
WRIA 7
Oct 1, 2008 – Sept 30, 2015
March 1 – Sept 1, 2015; just to show low flows in June and July
Ties to Salmonid Recovery Priorities
• Chinook salmon, steelhead trout
– ESA Threatened
• Coho
– Species of concern
• Temperature TMDLs in Snohomish and
Snoqualmie River systems
– 50 listings for temperature on 303(d)
• Many of those streams are similar to the Raging study site
– Gradient
– Discharge
– Fish use
Can large wood help with fluvial
habitat AND temperature problems in
surface waters?
–Upstream reaches representing “Before”
conditions
–Treatment reaches received nearly 100
pieces of large wood, installed by
helicopter
–Downstream reaches allows us to compare
extent and intensity of temperature and
habitat differences
Quantifying the effect
• Distributed Thermal Sensor (DTS)
• Habitat complexity
– EMAP surveys
– Salt tracers
• Upwelling and Downwelling
– Micropiezometers
• Biological Response
– snorkel surveys
– macroinvertebrates
Torgersen, et al., 2012
Torgersen, et al., 2012
Upstream
Downstream
Upstream
Downstream
LWD
Upstream
Downstream
Thalweg
LWD Added 2009
LWD Affecting Sediment
Fish Using LWD
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
0:00:00 0:14:24 0:28:48 0:43:12 0:57:36 1:12:00
Concentration(mmohs)
Elapsed Time
Reach 1
Reach 2
Reach 3
Reach 4
Reach 5
Reach 6
Fish Use by Habitat Unit
Total Coho and Trout Densities by
Habitat Unit
Cm 990
Cm 870
Cm 760Cm 745
Cm 806 Cm 902
Upstream
Downstream
DTS
Gendaszek and Opatz, 2013
Gendaszek and Opatz, 2013
So …What’s Next?
• Statistics to test our original hypotheses
• Understand where and why and when we had
enough wood to effect thermal conditions in the
river
• Publish our findings
• Try it again
Questions?

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