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Monday (11/06/18)
On the firstday of fourthweek of my internshipIwasgivenalegal researchonthe topicipr ,andI
thoroughlyresearched itaboutit.
Intellectual property(IP) referstothe creationsof the humanmindlike inventions,literaryand
artisticworks,andsymbols,names,imagesanddesignsusedincommerce.Intellectualpropertyis
dividedintotwocategories:Industrial property,whichincludesinventions(patents),trademarks,
industrial designs,andgeographicindicationsof source;andCopyright,whichincludesliteraryand
artisticworkssuch as novels,poemsandplays,films,musical works,artisticworkssuchas drawings,
paintings,photographsandsculptures,andarchitectural designs.Rightsrelatedtocopyrightinclude
those of performingartistsintheirperformances,producersof phonogramsintheirrecordings,and
those of broadcastersintheirradioand television programs.Intellectual propertyrightsprotectthe
interestsof creatorsbygivingthempropertyrightsovertheircreations.
The Conventionestablishingthe WorldIntellectualPropertyOrganization(1967) givesthe following
listof the subjectmatterprotectedbyintellectual propertyrights:
• literary,artisticandscientificworks;
• performancesof performingartists,phonograms,andbroadcasts;
• inventionsinall fieldsof humanendeavor;
• scientificdiscoveries;
• industrial designs;
• trademarks,service marks,andcommercial namesanddesignations;
• protectionagainstunfaircompetition;and
• “all otherrightsresultingfromintellectual activityinthe industrial,scientific,literaryorartistic
fields.”
Withthe establishmentof the worldtrade Organization(WTO),the importance androle of the
intellectual propertyprotectionhasbeencrystallizedinthe Trade-RelatedIntellectual Property
Systems(TRIPS) Agreement.Itwasnegotiatedatthe endof the Uruguay Roundof the General
AgreementonTariffsandTrade (GATT) treatyin 1994.
Patents Act, 1970
AfterIndiabecame asignatoryto the TRIPS agreementformingpartof the Agreementestablishing
the World Trade Organization(WTO) forthe purpose of reductionof distortionsandimpedimentsto
international trade andpromotionof effective andadequateprotectionof intellectual property
rights,the PatentsAct,1970 has beenamendedinthe year1995, 1999, 2002 and2005 to meetits
obligationsunderthe TRIPSagreement.The PatentsActhasbeenamendedkeepinginviewthe
developmentof technological capabilityinIndia,coupledwiththe needforintegratingthe
intellectual propertysystemwithinternational practicesandintellectual propertyregimes.The
amendmentswere alsoaimedatmakingthe Acta modern,harmonizedanduser-friendlylegislation
to adequatelyprotectnationalandpublicinterestswhile simultaneouslymeetingIndia’s
international obligationsunderthe TRIPSAgreement.
Subsequentlythe rulesunderthe PatentActhave alsobeenamendedandthese becameeffective
fromMay 2003. These ruleshave beenfurtheramendedbyPatents(Amendment) Rules2005 w.e.f
01.01.2005. Thus,the PatentAmendmentAct,2005 isnow fullyinforce and operative.
Trade Mark Act, 1999
The law of trademarksisalsonow modernizedunderthe TrademarksActof 1999. A trademarkisa
specialsymbol fordistinguishingthe goodsofferedforsale orotherwise putonthe marketbyone
trader fromthose of another.InIndiathe trademarkshave beenprotectedforoverfourdecadesas
perthe provisionsof the Trade andMerchandise Mark (TMM) Act of 1958. Indiabecame a party to
the WTO at itsveryinception.One of the agreementsinthatrelatedtothe Intellectual Property
Rights(TRIPS).InDecember,1998 Indiaaccededto the ParisConvention
Tuesday (12/06/18)
On the seconddayof fourth week of internship Ifurtherresearchedonthe variousactsin iprand
noteddown-
The DesignsAct, 2000
The DesignsAct of 1911 has beenreplacedbythe Designs Act,2000. Inview of considerable
progressmade inthe fieldof science andtechnology,aneedwasfelttoprovide more efficientlegal
systemforthe protectionof industrial designsinordertoensure effectiveprotectiontoregistered
designs,andtoencourage designactivitytopromote the designelementinanarticle of production.
In thisbackdrop,the DesignsAct,2000 hasbeenenactedessentiallytobalance these interestsand
to ensure thatthe lawdoesnot unnecessarilyextendprotectionbeyondwhatisnecessarytocreate
the requiredincentive fordesignactivitywhileremovingimpedimentstothe free use of available
designs.
The salientfeaturesof the DesignAct,2000 are as under:
(a) Enlargingthe scope of definitionof the terms"article","design"andintroductionof definitionof
"original".
(b) Amplifyingthe scope of "priorpublication".
(c) Introductionof provisionfordelegationof powersof the Controllertootherofficersand
stipulatingstatutorydutiesof examiners.
(d) Provisionof identificationof non-registrable designs.
(e) Provisionforsubstitutionof applicantbeforeregistrationof adesign.
(f) Substitution of Indianclassification by internationally followed system of classification.
(g) Provisionforinclusionof aregistertobe maintainedoncomputerasa Registerof Designs.
(h) Provisionforrestorationof lapseddesigns.
(i) Provisionsforappeal againstordersof the Controllerbeforethe HighCourtinsteadof Central
Government.
(j) Revokingof periodof secrecyof twoyearsof a registereddesign.
The Geographical Indicationsof Goods(Registrationand Protection) Act, 1999
Until recently,Geographical indicationswerenotregistrableinIndiaandinthe absence of statutory
protection,Indiangeographical indicationshadbeenmisusedbypersonsoutside Indiatoindicate
goodsnot originatingfromthe namedlocalityinIndia.Patentingturmeric,neemandbasmati are
the instanceswhichdrewalot of attentiontowardsthisaspectof the Intellectualproperty. Mention
shouldbe made that underthe AgreementonTrade RelatedAspectsof IntellectualPropertyRights
(TRIPS),there isnoobligationforothercountriestoextendreciprocal protectionunlessa
geographical indicationisprotectedinthe countryof itsorigin. Indiadidnothave sucha specificlaw
governinggeographical indicationsof goodswhichcouldadequatelyprotectthe interestof
producersof such goods.
The salientfeaturesof thislegislationare asunder:
(a) Provisionof definitionof several importanttermslike"geographical indication","goods",
"producers","packages","registeredproprietor","authorizeduser"etc.
(b) Provisionforthe maintenance of aRegisterof Geographical Indicationsintwoparts-PartA and
Part B and use of computersetc.formaintenance of suchRegister.WhilePartA will containall
registeredgeographical indications, PartB will containparticularsof registeredauthorizedusers.
(c) Registrationof geographical indicationsof goodsinspecifiedclasses.
(d) Prohibitionof registrationof certaingeographical indications.
(e) Provisionsforframingof rulesbyCentral Governmentforfilingof application,itscontentsand
mattersrelatingtosubstantive examinationof geographical indicationapplications.
(f) Compulsoryadvertisementof all acceptedgeographical indicationapplicationsandforinviting
objections.
(g) Registrationof authorizedusersof registered geographical indicationsandprovidingprovisions
for takinginfringementactioneitherbya registeredproprietororanauthorizeduser.
(h) Provisionsforhigherlevel of protectionfornotifiedgoods.
(i) Prohibitionof assignmentetc.of a geographical indicationasitispublicproperty.
(j) Prohibitionof registrationof geographical indicationasa trademark.
Copyright Act, 1957
CopyrightinIndiaisgovernedbyCopyrightAct,1957. ThisAct has beenamendedseveraltimesto
keeppace withthe changingtimes. AsperthisAct, copyrightgrantsauthor's lifetime coverageplus
60 yearsafterdeath. Copyrightand relatedrightsoncultural goods,productsandservices,arise
fromindividual orcollective creativity.All original intellectualcreationsexpressedinareproducible
formwill be connectedas"workseligible forcopyrightprotections".Copyrightlawsdistinguish
betweendifferentclassesof workssuchas literary,artistic,musicalworksandsoundrecordingsand
cinematographfilms.The workisprotectedirrespectiveof the qualitythereof andalsowhenitmay
have verylittle incommonwithacceptedformsof literature orart.
The Protectionof Plant Varietiesand Farmers’Rights Act, 2001
The concept of PlantBreeders’Rightsarisesfromthe needtoprovide incentivestoplantbreeders
engagedinthe creative workof researchwhichsustainsagricultural progressthroughreturnson
investmentsmade inresearchandtopersuade the researchertoshare the benefitsof hiscreativity
withsociety.The issue of enactingalawrelatingtoPlantVarietiesProtectionandFarmers’Rightsin
Indiaassumedimportance particularlyinthe wake of TRIPSagreementunderWTOwhichseeksto
promote effective protectionof Intellectual PropertyRightsinall fieldsof technology.Article 27of
TRIPSAgreementdefinespatentable subjectmatterandrequiresmembercountriestoprovide for
the protectionof plantvarietieswhetherbypatentingorbyan effective sui generissystemorbyany
combinationthereof.
Wednesday (13/06/18)
On the third day of fourth week I went to various courts , I submitted the case
related documents to the reader of a particular courtgiven by my internship
guide . I have also prepared the Sir’s personaldiary . I have also read the code
of civil proceduresection 151 and negotiable instrument section 142. I was
sent by the sir in the court to see the caseTarachand vs Sita devi . I also went
to the reader to to take the next date .
Thursday (14/06/18)
on the fourth day of the fourth week of my internship I read the case that was
for succession of hindu undivided family property was illegal .The plaintiff who
was the wife of the deceased for getting share in husband’s property . Thecase
was filled againstdaughter of the deceased . The lawyer of the plaintiff
presented the facts of the succession and the HonourableJudge gave the next
date of hearing .
Friday (15/06/18)
On the last day I was told by my internship guide to submitthe caserelated
documents to the reader for the summon of witnesses and court fees after
that I went to the Sir’s office and read various casefiles related to the divorce ,
marriage, property disputes and tried to identified the strong points of the
cases and took advice by my internship guide on those noted points of the
cases.

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Third week

  • 1. Monday (11/06/18) On the firstday of fourthweek of my internshipIwasgivenalegal researchonthe topicipr ,andI thoroughlyresearched itaboutit. Intellectual property(IP) referstothe creationsof the humanmindlike inventions,literaryand artisticworks,andsymbols,names,imagesanddesignsusedincommerce.Intellectualpropertyis dividedintotwocategories:Industrial property,whichincludesinventions(patents),trademarks, industrial designs,andgeographicindicationsof source;andCopyright,whichincludesliteraryand artisticworkssuch as novels,poemsandplays,films,musical works,artisticworkssuchas drawings, paintings,photographsandsculptures,andarchitectural designs.Rightsrelatedtocopyrightinclude those of performingartistsintheirperformances,producersof phonogramsintheirrecordings,and those of broadcastersintheirradioand television programs.Intellectual propertyrightsprotectthe interestsof creatorsbygivingthempropertyrightsovertheircreations. The Conventionestablishingthe WorldIntellectualPropertyOrganization(1967) givesthe following listof the subjectmatterprotectedbyintellectual propertyrights: • literary,artisticandscientificworks; • performancesof performingartists,phonograms,andbroadcasts; • inventionsinall fieldsof humanendeavor; • scientificdiscoveries; • industrial designs; • trademarks,service marks,andcommercial namesanddesignations; • protectionagainstunfaircompetition;and • “all otherrightsresultingfromintellectual activityinthe industrial,scientific,literaryorartistic fields.” Withthe establishmentof the worldtrade Organization(WTO),the importance androle of the intellectual propertyprotectionhasbeencrystallizedinthe Trade-RelatedIntellectual Property Systems(TRIPS) Agreement.Itwasnegotiatedatthe endof the Uruguay Roundof the General AgreementonTariffsandTrade (GATT) treatyin 1994.
  • 2. Patents Act, 1970 AfterIndiabecame asignatoryto the TRIPS agreementformingpartof the Agreementestablishing the World Trade Organization(WTO) forthe purpose of reductionof distortionsandimpedimentsto international trade andpromotionof effective andadequateprotectionof intellectual property rights,the PatentsAct,1970 has beenamendedinthe year1995, 1999, 2002 and2005 to meetits obligationsunderthe TRIPSagreement.The PatentsActhasbeenamendedkeepinginviewthe developmentof technological capabilityinIndia,coupledwiththe needforintegratingthe intellectual propertysystemwithinternational practicesandintellectual propertyregimes.The amendmentswere alsoaimedatmakingthe Acta modern,harmonizedanduser-friendlylegislation to adequatelyprotectnationalandpublicinterestswhile simultaneouslymeetingIndia’s international obligationsunderthe TRIPSAgreement. Subsequentlythe rulesunderthe PatentActhave alsobeenamendedandthese becameeffective fromMay 2003. These ruleshave beenfurtheramendedbyPatents(Amendment) Rules2005 w.e.f 01.01.2005. Thus,the PatentAmendmentAct,2005 isnow fullyinforce and operative. Trade Mark Act, 1999 The law of trademarksisalsonow modernizedunderthe TrademarksActof 1999. A trademarkisa specialsymbol fordistinguishingthe goodsofferedforsale orotherwise putonthe marketbyone trader fromthose of another.InIndiathe trademarkshave beenprotectedforoverfourdecadesas perthe provisionsof the Trade andMerchandise Mark (TMM) Act of 1958. Indiabecame a party to the WTO at itsveryinception.One of the agreementsinthatrelatedtothe Intellectual Property Rights(TRIPS).InDecember,1998 Indiaaccededto the ParisConvention Tuesday (12/06/18) On the seconddayof fourth week of internship Ifurtherresearchedonthe variousactsin iprand noteddown- The DesignsAct, 2000 The DesignsAct of 1911 has beenreplacedbythe Designs Act,2000. Inview of considerable progressmade inthe fieldof science andtechnology,aneedwasfelttoprovide more efficientlegal systemforthe protectionof industrial designsinordertoensure effectiveprotectiontoregistered designs,andtoencourage designactivitytopromote the designelementinanarticle of production. In thisbackdrop,the DesignsAct,2000 hasbeenenactedessentiallytobalance these interestsand to ensure thatthe lawdoesnot unnecessarilyextendprotectionbeyondwhatisnecessarytocreate the requiredincentive fordesignactivitywhileremovingimpedimentstothe free use of available designs. The salientfeaturesof the DesignAct,2000 are as under: (a) Enlargingthe scope of definitionof the terms"article","design"andintroductionof definitionof "original". (b) Amplifyingthe scope of "priorpublication". (c) Introductionof provisionfordelegationof powersof the Controllertootherofficersand stipulatingstatutorydutiesof examiners.
  • 3. (d) Provisionof identificationof non-registrable designs. (e) Provisionforsubstitutionof applicantbeforeregistrationof adesign. (f) Substitution of Indianclassification by internationally followed system of classification. (g) Provisionforinclusionof aregistertobe maintainedoncomputerasa Registerof Designs. (h) Provisionforrestorationof lapseddesigns. (i) Provisionsforappeal againstordersof the Controllerbeforethe HighCourtinsteadof Central Government. (j) Revokingof periodof secrecyof twoyearsof a registereddesign. The Geographical Indicationsof Goods(Registrationand Protection) Act, 1999 Until recently,Geographical indicationswerenotregistrableinIndiaandinthe absence of statutory protection,Indiangeographical indicationshadbeenmisusedbypersonsoutside Indiatoindicate goodsnot originatingfromthe namedlocalityinIndia.Patentingturmeric,neemandbasmati are the instanceswhichdrewalot of attentiontowardsthisaspectof the Intellectualproperty. Mention shouldbe made that underthe AgreementonTrade RelatedAspectsof IntellectualPropertyRights (TRIPS),there isnoobligationforothercountriestoextendreciprocal protectionunlessa geographical indicationisprotectedinthe countryof itsorigin. Indiadidnothave sucha specificlaw governinggeographical indicationsof goodswhichcouldadequatelyprotectthe interestof producersof such goods. The salientfeaturesof thislegislationare asunder: (a) Provisionof definitionof several importanttermslike"geographical indication","goods", "producers","packages","registeredproprietor","authorizeduser"etc. (b) Provisionforthe maintenance of aRegisterof Geographical Indicationsintwoparts-PartA and Part B and use of computersetc.formaintenance of suchRegister.WhilePartA will containall registeredgeographical indications, PartB will containparticularsof registeredauthorizedusers. (c) Registrationof geographical indicationsof goodsinspecifiedclasses. (d) Prohibitionof registrationof certaingeographical indications. (e) Provisionsforframingof rulesbyCentral Governmentforfilingof application,itscontentsand mattersrelatingtosubstantive examinationof geographical indicationapplications. (f) Compulsoryadvertisementof all acceptedgeographical indicationapplicationsandforinviting objections. (g) Registrationof authorizedusersof registered geographical indicationsandprovidingprovisions for takinginfringementactioneitherbya registeredproprietororanauthorizeduser. (h) Provisionsforhigherlevel of protectionfornotifiedgoods. (i) Prohibitionof assignmentetc.of a geographical indicationasitispublicproperty. (j) Prohibitionof registrationof geographical indicationasa trademark. Copyright Act, 1957 CopyrightinIndiaisgovernedbyCopyrightAct,1957. ThisAct has beenamendedseveraltimesto keeppace withthe changingtimes. AsperthisAct, copyrightgrantsauthor's lifetime coverageplus 60 yearsafterdeath. Copyrightand relatedrightsoncultural goods,productsandservices,arise fromindividual orcollective creativity.All original intellectualcreationsexpressedinareproducible formwill be connectedas"workseligible forcopyrightprotections".Copyrightlawsdistinguish
  • 4. betweendifferentclassesof workssuchas literary,artistic,musicalworksandsoundrecordingsand cinematographfilms.The workisprotectedirrespectiveof the qualitythereof andalsowhenitmay have verylittle incommonwithacceptedformsof literature orart. The Protectionof Plant Varietiesand Farmers’Rights Act, 2001 The concept of PlantBreeders’Rightsarisesfromthe needtoprovide incentivestoplantbreeders engagedinthe creative workof researchwhichsustainsagricultural progressthroughreturnson investmentsmade inresearchandtopersuade the researchertoshare the benefitsof hiscreativity withsociety.The issue of enactingalawrelatingtoPlantVarietiesProtectionandFarmers’Rightsin Indiaassumedimportance particularlyinthe wake of TRIPSagreementunderWTOwhichseeksto promote effective protectionof Intellectual PropertyRightsinall fieldsof technology.Article 27of TRIPSAgreementdefinespatentable subjectmatterandrequiresmembercountriestoprovide for the protectionof plantvarietieswhetherbypatentingorbyan effective sui generissystemorbyany combinationthereof. Wednesday (13/06/18) On the third day of fourth week I went to various courts , I submitted the case related documents to the reader of a particular courtgiven by my internship guide . I have also prepared the Sir’s personaldiary . I have also read the code of civil proceduresection 151 and negotiable instrument section 142. I was sent by the sir in the court to see the caseTarachand vs Sita devi . I also went to the reader to to take the next date . Thursday (14/06/18) on the fourth day of the fourth week of my internship I read the case that was for succession of hindu undivided family property was illegal .The plaintiff who was the wife of the deceased for getting share in husband’s property . Thecase was filled againstdaughter of the deceased . The lawyer of the plaintiff presented the facts of the succession and the HonourableJudge gave the next date of hearing . Friday (15/06/18) On the last day I was told by my internship guide to submitthe caserelated documents to the reader for the summon of witnesses and court fees after that I went to the Sir’s office and read various casefiles related to the divorce , marriage, property disputes and tried to identified the strong points of the
  • 5. cases and took advice by my internship guide on those noted points of the cases.