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11/28/18
Thomas Jefferson
Horace Mann
 Participatory democracy
 Equality and opportunity for
improvement
 Compulsory Education
 Calendar came from agriculture
 Regimented school system came
from industry
 Designed to make sure everyone gets
off to a good start – First Five
 Training for how to go to school
 Five years old by December
 Grades 1-3 (sometimes 2)
 Basic reading
 Numeracy
 Additional social skills, some arts, and
music
 Grades 4-6
 Content reading
 Mathematical operations
 History and science
 Peer socialization (for example, dancing)
 Most often grades 7 and 8 (sometimes 6/9)
 Single subjects
 Students may select electives
 Training for high school
 Additional socialization, team sports, dances
 All students required to attend (generally to age 16)
 Each student selects program, within guidelines
 No testing to determine placement
 Innovative reform models changing the experience quickly
 Open-ended exit system
 Some career and college options
 Some special public schools (charter, continuation, etc.)
 Many private schools (religious, Waldorf, Montessori, etc.)
 Typically:
 2-year Community College (public)
 4-year Liberal Arts College (public & private)
 University/Research University (public & private)
 Can also be:
 Trade School
 Military Academy
 Private Certification
 “2-year” degree: AA/AS (Associate of
Arts/Sciences)
 General education
 Career/Vocational education
 Continuing education/Resource for
community
 Typically very low cost
 No or limited admission requirements
 Now, typically a “Liberal Arts” school
 Often holistic—considering the “whole person”;
more practical
 Research/Publishing not emphasized as much
 Generally small, established schools with a
focus
 Public but most often privately funded
 California State Universities: 20+
 Mostly B.A. degrees
 Established with the dual purpose of
research and education
 Advanced degrees—Bachelor’s, Master’s, &
Ph.D./ED/JD/LL.M/MD/etc.
 May have a system in more populated states:
University of California—10 campuses
 Very important resources for states and
localities
 Public and private
TheU.S. educational system

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TheU.S. educational system

  • 4.  Participatory democracy  Equality and opportunity for improvement  Compulsory Education
  • 5.  Calendar came from agriculture  Regimented school system came from industry
  • 6.  Designed to make sure everyone gets off to a good start – First Five  Training for how to go to school  Five years old by December
  • 7.  Grades 1-3 (sometimes 2)  Basic reading  Numeracy  Additional social skills, some arts, and music
  • 8.  Grades 4-6  Content reading  Mathematical operations  History and science  Peer socialization (for example, dancing)
  • 9.  Most often grades 7 and 8 (sometimes 6/9)  Single subjects  Students may select electives  Training for high school  Additional socialization, team sports, dances
  • 10.  All students required to attend (generally to age 16)  Each student selects program, within guidelines  No testing to determine placement  Innovative reform models changing the experience quickly  Open-ended exit system  Some career and college options  Some special public schools (charter, continuation, etc.)  Many private schools (religious, Waldorf, Montessori, etc.)
  • 11.  Typically:  2-year Community College (public)  4-year Liberal Arts College (public & private)  University/Research University (public & private)  Can also be:  Trade School  Military Academy  Private Certification
  • 12.  “2-year” degree: AA/AS (Associate of Arts/Sciences)  General education  Career/Vocational education  Continuing education/Resource for community  Typically very low cost  No or limited admission requirements
  • 13.  Now, typically a “Liberal Arts” school  Often holistic—considering the “whole person”; more practical  Research/Publishing not emphasized as much  Generally small, established schools with a focus  Public but most often privately funded  California State Universities: 20+  Mostly B.A. degrees
  • 14.  Established with the dual purpose of research and education  Advanced degrees—Bachelor’s, Master’s, & Ph.D./ED/JD/LL.M/MD/etc.  May have a system in more populated states: University of California—10 campuses  Very important resources for states and localities  Public and private