Seventy percent of the global population is expected to live in cities by 2050, occupying more land and generating more emissions. The effect of urban emissions reduces the capacity of natural ecosystems to function effectively while at the same time negatively impacting human health and well-being. Therefore, the sustainable management of urban areas is crucial for the long-term sustainability of the human economy. The management strategies should adopt a new systemic perspective that considers cities as socio-ecological systems characterised by complex human-nature interactions. This perspective is also based on the shift from the traditional “black box” urban metabolism models, accounting for the input of resources and output of wastes and products, to the network models capable of unfolding the internal metabolism of cities. The theoretical part of the work covers two interdisciplinary research fields: Ecological Economics and Industrial Ecology, combined in a network science methodology .
Firstly, the bibliometric analysis of global scientific literature on urban metabolism was performed to identify the temporal developments and new areas for investigating the metabolism of the urban systems. In the empirical part, the environmental accounting and the multiple methods of network science methodology were integrated to estimate the environmental costs, metabolic efficiency and self-sufficiency, and impact of each sector in urban socio-ecological systems. The research corresponds to the 11th and 12th Sustainable Development Goals. It contributes to developing sustainable resource management strategies for Sustainable Cities and Communities by identifying inefficient or unsustainable resource consumption patterns. The first case study focused on estimating total emergy use in the Vienna Region. The results show that “mining” and “agriculture” are not prioritised in terms of investment by the Vienna Government. In addition, the ecological network analysis was applied to analyse the structural and functional attributes of Vienna’s urban metabolic system to identify weaknesses in the system's ecological hierarchy and relationships and the sectors behind these weaknesses. The results show that “wholesale and retail” and “energy” sectors are responsible for the low financial support to producers (agriculture and mining) by the tertiary industries. The other study found that the footprint of final products by “agriculture” became larger when an emergy-evaluated version of direct carbon emissions was used.
A multicriteria approach integrating the input-output and the emergy accounting methods could be a valuable tool in investigating socio-ecological interactions, allowing a comprehensive understanding of environmental and socio-economic flows exchanged between industrial sectors and the environment. The integration of environmental accounting with the multiple methods of network science methodology allows for the investigation of internal metabolic pr
Analysis of the Potential MSW to Energy Generation in the State of Sikkimrahulmonikasharma
The feasibility of the best available Waste to Energy (WTE) technologies was studies. The disposal of waste is a major problem in the state of Sikkim and this feasibility study gives a direction as to one of the remedies for the usage of waste. It gives a theoretical value as to techno feasibility of running a Waste to Energy plant in the state.
Cloud computing, Identity-based cryptography, Proxy public key cryptography, ...rahulmonikasharma
The feasibility of the best available Waste to Energy (WTE) technologies was studies. The disposal of waste is a major problem in the state of Sikkim and this feasibility study gives a direction as to one of the remedies for the usage of waste. It gives a theoretical value as to techno feasibility of running a Waste to Energy plant in the state.
The document discusses using life cycle assessment (LCA) as a tool for designing more sustainable cities. LCA can help address environmental problems by assessing the full life cycle impacts of city infrastructure and design. The document presents an LCA of natural gas distribution networks in neighborhoods with varying densities. Results show the environmental impact is four times higher in a low-density neighborhood compared to medium and high-density neighborhoods, mainly due to differences in network length. LCA is presented as an appropriate tool for guiding urban ecodesign and decision-making by providing a comprehensive view of environmental impacts.
This proposal outlines a PhD project to develop pervasive systems for online assistance of tourist communities. The goal is to enable cooperation between people, software, and devices to offer and consume services in trusted online communities. Specifically, the project will (1) integrate different service providers seamlessly, (2) create and manage knowledge within communities and services, and (3) use knowledge to publish, discover, compose and use services. As a use case, it will apply these technologies to tourism, building an infrastructure to enhance the tourist experience. This will support tourists throughout their journey by providing contextualized information and recommendations from an online community.
Oleksandr Galychyn is a Senior Researcher at the Finnish Environment Institute (SYKE) who studies the integration of life cycle inventory and economic input-output data to identify economic sectors responsible for water issues in Ukraine. He also develops stock-and-flow models to predict future fleets of e-scooters and e-bikes in Finland and their material and mineral demand. His research experience includes using input-output analysis to estimate environmental footprints and developing a framework to study urban metabolism using network analysis.
External Costs: Socio-Environmental Damages due to Electricity and TransportElisaMendelsohn
The document discusses the methodology used to calculate external costs, which are socio-environmental damages caused by electricity generation and transport. It describes the impact pathway approach used, which follows emissions through air, soil, and water to physical impacts on health, crops, buildings, and ecosystems, and then monetizes these impacts. Seven major types of damages are assessed, including effects on mortality, health, crops, materials, and global warming. The methodology involves comparing scenarios with and without the emissions to determine marginal impacts and costs avoided by reducing emissions. Uncertainty is higher for impacts like global warming, so alternative approaches like avoidance costs are also used.
Smart City Energy Planning Integrating Data and Tools .docxpbilly1
Smart City Energy Planning: Integrating Data and Tools
João Pedro Gouveia
Center for Environmental and
Sustainability Research, Department
of Science and Environmental
Engineering, Faculty of Science and
Technology, Universidade NOVA de
Lisboa
2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
Tel.: +351 21 294 83 74
[email protected]nl.pt
Júlia Seixas
Center for Environmental and
Sustainability Research, Department
of Science and Environmental
Engineering, Faculty of Science and
Technology, Universidade NOVA de
Lisboa
2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
Tel.: +351 21 294 83 74
[email protected]
George Giannakidis
Energy Systems Analysis Lab.
Center for Renewable Energy
Sources and Saving
19th km Marathonos Ave.
19009 Pikermi, Attiki, Greece
Tel: +302106603324
[email protected]
ABSTRACT
This paper presents an innovative analytical framework to
address incomplete interpretations and dispersed data of the
energy system in cities, which usually generate multiple
inefficiencies. Integrative city planning takes the city energy
system from the supply to the demand while considering its
spatial representativeness, and drives optimal cost-efficient
assessment towards future sustainable energy targets. This
holistic approach delivers more adequate policies and measures
towards higher energy use efficiency.
The proposed analytical framework has been developed within
the INSMART EU funded project and focuses on data gathering
procedures and data processing tools and models, covering a
wide range of city’s energy consumers, as residential buildings,
transport and utilities. The results, mapped into a GIS, can be
further exploited either for awareness increase of citizens and
for decision support of city energy planners.
Keywords
Integrative Energy Planning; GIS; Buildings; Transports and
Mobility; Smart Meters
1. INTRODUCTION
Cities are vital for engaging with environmental issues since its
activities affect the environment locally, regionally and globally
in both negative and positive ways [5]. Climate change and the
reduction of energy consumption are challenging topics for
cities and their territorial organization. A number of initiatives
(e.g. [1, 2]) have been set up to engage cities in efforts towards a
low carbon future and an improved quality of life through
sustainable economic development.
Smart cities appeal for a coordinated energy, water,
transportation, public health and safety services towards an
efficient management of the critical infrastructure to assure end-
use services for all citizens. There is a critical need for
integrated comprehensive city planning [12], focused on ex-ante
cost-benefit assessment and using energy systems models
towards urban sustainable energy use.
This allows moving from a reactive urban management to a
proactive approach based on knowledge and supported by the
increasing availability of the IoT (Internet of Things) and
information and communicati.
Analysis of the Potential MSW to Energy Generation in the State of Sikkimrahulmonikasharma
The feasibility of the best available Waste to Energy (WTE) technologies was studies. The disposal of waste is a major problem in the state of Sikkim and this feasibility study gives a direction as to one of the remedies for the usage of waste. It gives a theoretical value as to techno feasibility of running a Waste to Energy plant in the state.
Cloud computing, Identity-based cryptography, Proxy public key cryptography, ...rahulmonikasharma
The feasibility of the best available Waste to Energy (WTE) technologies was studies. The disposal of waste is a major problem in the state of Sikkim and this feasibility study gives a direction as to one of the remedies for the usage of waste. It gives a theoretical value as to techno feasibility of running a Waste to Energy plant in the state.
The document discusses using life cycle assessment (LCA) as a tool for designing more sustainable cities. LCA can help address environmental problems by assessing the full life cycle impacts of city infrastructure and design. The document presents an LCA of natural gas distribution networks in neighborhoods with varying densities. Results show the environmental impact is four times higher in a low-density neighborhood compared to medium and high-density neighborhoods, mainly due to differences in network length. LCA is presented as an appropriate tool for guiding urban ecodesign and decision-making by providing a comprehensive view of environmental impacts.
This proposal outlines a PhD project to develop pervasive systems for online assistance of tourist communities. The goal is to enable cooperation between people, software, and devices to offer and consume services in trusted online communities. Specifically, the project will (1) integrate different service providers seamlessly, (2) create and manage knowledge within communities and services, and (3) use knowledge to publish, discover, compose and use services. As a use case, it will apply these technologies to tourism, building an infrastructure to enhance the tourist experience. This will support tourists throughout their journey by providing contextualized information and recommendations from an online community.
Oleksandr Galychyn is a Senior Researcher at the Finnish Environment Institute (SYKE) who studies the integration of life cycle inventory and economic input-output data to identify economic sectors responsible for water issues in Ukraine. He also develops stock-and-flow models to predict future fleets of e-scooters and e-bikes in Finland and their material and mineral demand. His research experience includes using input-output analysis to estimate environmental footprints and developing a framework to study urban metabolism using network analysis.
External Costs: Socio-Environmental Damages due to Electricity and TransportElisaMendelsohn
The document discusses the methodology used to calculate external costs, which are socio-environmental damages caused by electricity generation and transport. It describes the impact pathway approach used, which follows emissions through air, soil, and water to physical impacts on health, crops, buildings, and ecosystems, and then monetizes these impacts. Seven major types of damages are assessed, including effects on mortality, health, crops, materials, and global warming. The methodology involves comparing scenarios with and without the emissions to determine marginal impacts and costs avoided by reducing emissions. Uncertainty is higher for impacts like global warming, so alternative approaches like avoidance costs are also used.
Smart City Energy Planning Integrating Data and Tools .docxpbilly1
Smart City Energy Planning: Integrating Data and Tools
João Pedro Gouveia
Center for Environmental and
Sustainability Research, Department
of Science and Environmental
Engineering, Faculty of Science and
Technology, Universidade NOVA de
Lisboa
2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
Tel.: +351 21 294 83 74
[email protected]nl.pt
Júlia Seixas
Center for Environmental and
Sustainability Research, Department
of Science and Environmental
Engineering, Faculty of Science and
Technology, Universidade NOVA de
Lisboa
2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
Tel.: +351 21 294 83 74
[email protected]
George Giannakidis
Energy Systems Analysis Lab.
Center for Renewable Energy
Sources and Saving
19th km Marathonos Ave.
19009 Pikermi, Attiki, Greece
Tel: +302106603324
[email protected]
ABSTRACT
This paper presents an innovative analytical framework to
address incomplete interpretations and dispersed data of the
energy system in cities, which usually generate multiple
inefficiencies. Integrative city planning takes the city energy
system from the supply to the demand while considering its
spatial representativeness, and drives optimal cost-efficient
assessment towards future sustainable energy targets. This
holistic approach delivers more adequate policies and measures
towards higher energy use efficiency.
The proposed analytical framework has been developed within
the INSMART EU funded project and focuses on data gathering
procedures and data processing tools and models, covering a
wide range of city’s energy consumers, as residential buildings,
transport and utilities. The results, mapped into a GIS, can be
further exploited either for awareness increase of citizens and
for decision support of city energy planners.
Keywords
Integrative Energy Planning; GIS; Buildings; Transports and
Mobility; Smart Meters
1. INTRODUCTION
Cities are vital for engaging with environmental issues since its
activities affect the environment locally, regionally and globally
in both negative and positive ways [5]. Climate change and the
reduction of energy consumption are challenging topics for
cities and their territorial organization. A number of initiatives
(e.g. [1, 2]) have been set up to engage cities in efforts towards a
low carbon future and an improved quality of life through
sustainable economic development.
Smart cities appeal for a coordinated energy, water,
transportation, public health and safety services towards an
efficient management of the critical infrastructure to assure end-
use services for all citizens. There is a critical need for
integrated comprehensive city planning [12], focused on ex-ante
cost-benefit assessment and using energy systems models
towards urban sustainable energy use.
This allows moving from a reactive urban management to a
proactive approach based on knowledge and supported by the
increasing availability of the IoT (Internet of Things) and
information and communicati.
The use of water for technical development or technical development for the u...RSD7 Symposium
This document discusses using a systems thinking approach to analyze clean energy production in urban contexts. It presents a case study of a mini-hydropower plant on a historical dam on the Dora Riparia river in Turin, Italy. The plant produces 248.6 kW of power and 1.7 GWh per year for 600 families while preserving the ecosystem and restoring a degraded area. The document argues that managing water and energy resources requires considering the complex relationships between multiple actors and uses through collaborative policymaking and preservation of environmental quality.
energy consumption reduction through urban renewalAndre Gessalin
This document presents a methodology for evaluating the potential for reducing energy consumption through urban renewal projects. The methodology integrates three factors: building energy efficiency, mobility patterns, and lifestyle habits of future residents. Census data on housing, commuting, and demographics is used to identify profiles of people likely to move to a new development and model their estimated energy usage. Two scenarios are modeled - one with zero-energy buildings and one with optimal public transit access - to determine where the project's emphasis should be placed. The methodology allows comparing estimated energy use of future residents to current residents to evaluate a project's energy efficiency.
Presentations of the OECD 2nd CIRCLE technical workshop (2-3 Oct. 2014)OECD Environment
These presentations were made during the OECD 2nd Workshop on "Cost of Inaction and Resource Scarcity: Consequences for Long-term Economic Growth (CIRCLE)" , which was held at the OECD Conference Center, Paris (France) on 2-3 October 2014.
Organised by the Environment and Economy Integration Division, Environment Directorate, this workshop aimed to interact with international experts on the progress made in the various CIRCLE workstreams and identify the next steps. The main focus was on the technical aspects of the project’s methodology for assessing the feedbcaks from environmental challenges on economic growth.
Evaluation of the energy consumption and greenhouse gas emission related to I...Riccardo Beltramo
In the recent years the evaluation of environmental sustainability of lifestyles and consumption practices is getting a central role in European researches. Several
analytical tools and methodologies are proposed in order to quantify the environmental burden of production and consumption. Environmental impact assessment methods are mainly divided in bottom-up (e.g. the Life Cycle Assessment-LCA) and top-down (e.g. the Input-
Output Analysis-IOA), the first is focused on production processes and the second on the macroeconomic dimension of a community. Thus both of them are unsuitable to investigate at the level of practices and lifestyles.
We discuss the advantage of an hybrid IOA-LCA method, which is developed to consider both positive aspects of bottom-up and top-down methodologies, in the
evaluation of household consumption. This method has been applied just to the food sector as a test of the whole methodology
Open calls with topics targeting china 2016-2017 update May 2016Dragonstarproject
This document summarizes several Horizon 2020 funding opportunities that target cooperation between the EU and China. Key topics discussed include increasing transparency of agri-food products, alternative livestock production systems, soil water management, resource-efficient urban agriculture, cultural aspects of urbanization in China, carbon capture and storage, and user protection in vehicle crashes. International collaboration, especially with China, is encouraged for many of these topics. Deadlines for proposals range from early 2016 to early 2017.
Local productive systems planning tools for bioregional developmentostemi
The paper introduces to bioregion concept and describes territorial metabolic flows tools usefull to identify and evaluate strategies and appropriate actions to increase the eco‐efficiency of
local productive systems. Bioregion concept recently re‐emerged involves also better eco‐efficiency conditions by directing production and consumption flows towards locally available resources use and therefore contributing to basic resources cycles closure.
Il ruolo cruciale del "fattore umano" nella transizione energeticaCSI Piemonte
Intervento di Patrizia Lombardi, DIST - Politecnico di Torino, al lunch seminar ICT per... "- Consumi + Energia" (Torino, Castello del Valentino, 30 novembre 2015).
A. de la Fuente, 30 Novembre - 1 Dicembre 2021 -
Webinar: La domanda europea e nazionale di informazioni statistiche "green"
Titolo: Statistics for the European Green Deal
- The document describes a proposed model to analyze economic development and water sharing in transboundary river basins under the water-energy-food nexus.
- Key aspects of the model include estimating production functions for different economic sectors related to water use, modeling how water availability changes over time based on upstream and downstream usage, and analyzing cooperative vs non-cooperative approaches to water allocation between countries.
- The goal is to provide policy recommendations by applying the model to specific case studies and exploring the impacts of different scenarios on economic and social outcomes in both upstream and downstream nations.
The document summarizes research on identifying viable renewable energy technologies for rural electrification in Africa using geographic information systems. Key findings include maps of solar, wind and hydro resources across Africa. Analysis was conducted to determine least-cost electricity options from photovoltaic, diesel or hybrid mini-grids. The research aims to support sustainable energy planning and accelerate rural electrification through an online decision support tool and innovative GIS techniques.
The document provides an introduction to challenges faced by carbon-based economies and the need for sustainable energy transitions. It discusses how climate change from greenhouse gas emissions threatens human well-being and socioeconomic development. While global CO2 emissions have recently stagnated, more action is needed to limit global warming below 2°C as agreed upon in the Paris Agreement. Renewable energy and energy efficiency can significantly reduce emissions by 2030 and help achieve climate targets, but ambitious implementation is required. Sustainable Development Goals also aim to raise awareness of climate change's multidimensional impacts on issues like poverty and health.
Overview of Bioenergy Scenarios in TIMES modellingIEA-ETSAP
The document summarizes scenarios for bioenergy use in energy system models developed by IEA ETSAP. It provides an overview of the IEA ETP modeling framework and how bioenergy technologies are represented. It then gives two examples of bioenergy scenarios: 1) the IEA ETP scenarios which estimate a need for 145 EJ of sustainable bioenergy by 2060 for a 2 degree pathway, focusing on transport, and negative emissions technologies for below 2 degrees. 2) A study of Ireland's energy system which found implementing land use change emissions significantly impacted the role of bioenergy due to increased costs.
Principal Tools for a Cleaner Chemical Technology, presented at the european ...Patrick VanSchijndel
Principal Tools for a Cleaner Chemical Technology, Process improvements have been tremendous in the last century but production volume increase will overshadow these good results in terms of resource use and environmental impact. It will be important to use the right tools in order to achieve the necessary sustainable development within the industry. These tools should be combinations of exergy analysis, LCA and economic analysis. The focus should be on the development of these combinations and on the teaching of these combinations in engineering curricula.
ETIP SNET: For an innovative and successful European energy transition Leonardo ENERGY
The ETIP Smart Networks for Energy Transition (SNET) role is to guide Research, Development & Innovation (RD&I) to support Europe’s energy transition, more specifically, its mission is to set-out a vision for RD&I for Smart Networks for Energy Transition and engage stakeholders in this vision.
In this webinar the ETIP SNET role and main priorities will be introduced by its chairman Konstantin Staschus. Eric Peirano will present the new 10 year ETIP SNET Research & Innovation Roadmap 2017-2026. The roadmap provides a system view and addresses a scope larger than smart electricity grids by encompassing interactions with the gas and heat networks and focuses on integration of all flexibility solutions into the power system, including energy storage technologies.
Sustainable Energy and Climate Action Planning to Enhance Low Carbon District...Alis Daniela Torres
This document discusses sustainable energy and climate action planning in cities through district energy developments. It describes how district energy contributes to sustainable energy goals in city climate plans like SEAPs and SECAPs. These plans aim to reduce emissions and transition to low carbon energy systems by 2020, 2030, and 2050. District energy is identified as a key mitigation option in these plans through measures like upgrading infrastructure, utilizing waste heat recovery, and providing heating solutions to industries. The future of climate plans will focus on leveraging clean decentralized energy, promoting district heating as a mitigation strategy, and including adaptation criteria in energy infrastructure planning to increase urban sustainability.
Supporting the Energy Union with data & knowledgematteodefelice
Slides presented at the 3rd General Assembly of the H2020 S2S4E project explaining the role of the Joint Research Centre of the European Commission in supporting a fair and effective Energy Union
DISCUSSION ON THE WORKPROGRAMME OF ANNEX XVIIEA-ETSAP
The document discusses the International Energy Agency's Energy Technology Systems Analysis Programme (IEA-ETSAP), which develops energy systems modeling tools to help policymakers design pathways to meet goals like reducing emissions. The program involves collaboration between modeling teams from over 70 countries. It summarizes the program's objectives like conducting collaborative policy analysis using whole-systems modeling and building modeling capacity. Key topics discussed include the need for immediate mitigation action, the role of technologies like renewables and carbon capture, and how modeling can inform policies around issues like meeting energy demand at least cost and ensuring energy security.
This document outlines European priorities for resource efficiency, including establishing a circular economy with sustainable management of natural resources, climate services, and nature-based solutions. The priorities aim to promote innovation, economic growth, and environmental protection. Key focus areas are transitioning to a circular economy model for waste, water, and raw materials management, building climate services capacity, and integrating nature-based solutions into urban areas. National contact points will support applicants in applying for relevant Horizon 2020 funding.
Les Levidow: Divergent Pathways for Sustainable Agriculture: Contending accou...STEPS Centre
The document discusses contending pathways and accounts of sustainable agriculture in European research agendas. The dominant pathway frames sustainability as inefficiency to be addressed through efficient technological fixes, turning agriculture into a biomass factory. Alternative pathways promoted by groups like Technology Platform Organics and the Standing Committee on Agricultural Research focus on farmers' agroecological knowledge and short supply chains valorizing local resources and product identity. These divergent paradigms prioritize different types of knowledge, economic relations, and research.
The use of water for technical development or technical development for the u...RSD7 Symposium
This document discusses using a systems thinking approach to analyze clean energy production in urban contexts. It presents a case study of a mini-hydropower plant on a historical dam on the Dora Riparia river in Turin, Italy. The plant produces 248.6 kW of power and 1.7 GWh per year for 600 families while preserving the ecosystem and restoring a degraded area. The document argues that managing water and energy resources requires considering the complex relationships between multiple actors and uses through collaborative policymaking and preservation of environmental quality.
energy consumption reduction through urban renewalAndre Gessalin
This document presents a methodology for evaluating the potential for reducing energy consumption through urban renewal projects. The methodology integrates three factors: building energy efficiency, mobility patterns, and lifestyle habits of future residents. Census data on housing, commuting, and demographics is used to identify profiles of people likely to move to a new development and model their estimated energy usage. Two scenarios are modeled - one with zero-energy buildings and one with optimal public transit access - to determine where the project's emphasis should be placed. The methodology allows comparing estimated energy use of future residents to current residents to evaluate a project's energy efficiency.
Presentations of the OECD 2nd CIRCLE technical workshop (2-3 Oct. 2014)OECD Environment
These presentations were made during the OECD 2nd Workshop on "Cost of Inaction and Resource Scarcity: Consequences for Long-term Economic Growth (CIRCLE)" , which was held at the OECD Conference Center, Paris (France) on 2-3 October 2014.
Organised by the Environment and Economy Integration Division, Environment Directorate, this workshop aimed to interact with international experts on the progress made in the various CIRCLE workstreams and identify the next steps. The main focus was on the technical aspects of the project’s methodology for assessing the feedbcaks from environmental challenges on economic growth.
Evaluation of the energy consumption and greenhouse gas emission related to I...Riccardo Beltramo
In the recent years the evaluation of environmental sustainability of lifestyles and consumption practices is getting a central role in European researches. Several
analytical tools and methodologies are proposed in order to quantify the environmental burden of production and consumption. Environmental impact assessment methods are mainly divided in bottom-up (e.g. the Life Cycle Assessment-LCA) and top-down (e.g. the Input-
Output Analysis-IOA), the first is focused on production processes and the second on the macroeconomic dimension of a community. Thus both of them are unsuitable to investigate at the level of practices and lifestyles.
We discuss the advantage of an hybrid IOA-LCA method, which is developed to consider both positive aspects of bottom-up and top-down methodologies, in the
evaluation of household consumption. This method has been applied just to the food sector as a test of the whole methodology
Open calls with topics targeting china 2016-2017 update May 2016Dragonstarproject
This document summarizes several Horizon 2020 funding opportunities that target cooperation between the EU and China. Key topics discussed include increasing transparency of agri-food products, alternative livestock production systems, soil water management, resource-efficient urban agriculture, cultural aspects of urbanization in China, carbon capture and storage, and user protection in vehicle crashes. International collaboration, especially with China, is encouraged for many of these topics. Deadlines for proposals range from early 2016 to early 2017.
Local productive systems planning tools for bioregional developmentostemi
The paper introduces to bioregion concept and describes territorial metabolic flows tools usefull to identify and evaluate strategies and appropriate actions to increase the eco‐efficiency of
local productive systems. Bioregion concept recently re‐emerged involves also better eco‐efficiency conditions by directing production and consumption flows towards locally available resources use and therefore contributing to basic resources cycles closure.
Il ruolo cruciale del "fattore umano" nella transizione energeticaCSI Piemonte
Intervento di Patrizia Lombardi, DIST - Politecnico di Torino, al lunch seminar ICT per... "- Consumi + Energia" (Torino, Castello del Valentino, 30 novembre 2015).
A. de la Fuente, 30 Novembre - 1 Dicembre 2021 -
Webinar: La domanda europea e nazionale di informazioni statistiche "green"
Titolo: Statistics for the European Green Deal
- The document describes a proposed model to analyze economic development and water sharing in transboundary river basins under the water-energy-food nexus.
- Key aspects of the model include estimating production functions for different economic sectors related to water use, modeling how water availability changes over time based on upstream and downstream usage, and analyzing cooperative vs non-cooperative approaches to water allocation between countries.
- The goal is to provide policy recommendations by applying the model to specific case studies and exploring the impacts of different scenarios on economic and social outcomes in both upstream and downstream nations.
The document summarizes research on identifying viable renewable energy technologies for rural electrification in Africa using geographic information systems. Key findings include maps of solar, wind and hydro resources across Africa. Analysis was conducted to determine least-cost electricity options from photovoltaic, diesel or hybrid mini-grids. The research aims to support sustainable energy planning and accelerate rural electrification through an online decision support tool and innovative GIS techniques.
The document provides an introduction to challenges faced by carbon-based economies and the need for sustainable energy transitions. It discusses how climate change from greenhouse gas emissions threatens human well-being and socioeconomic development. While global CO2 emissions have recently stagnated, more action is needed to limit global warming below 2°C as agreed upon in the Paris Agreement. Renewable energy and energy efficiency can significantly reduce emissions by 2030 and help achieve climate targets, but ambitious implementation is required. Sustainable Development Goals also aim to raise awareness of climate change's multidimensional impacts on issues like poverty and health.
Overview of Bioenergy Scenarios in TIMES modellingIEA-ETSAP
The document summarizes scenarios for bioenergy use in energy system models developed by IEA ETSAP. It provides an overview of the IEA ETP modeling framework and how bioenergy technologies are represented. It then gives two examples of bioenergy scenarios: 1) the IEA ETP scenarios which estimate a need for 145 EJ of sustainable bioenergy by 2060 for a 2 degree pathway, focusing on transport, and negative emissions technologies for below 2 degrees. 2) A study of Ireland's energy system which found implementing land use change emissions significantly impacted the role of bioenergy due to increased costs.
Principal Tools for a Cleaner Chemical Technology, presented at the european ...Patrick VanSchijndel
Principal Tools for a Cleaner Chemical Technology, Process improvements have been tremendous in the last century but production volume increase will overshadow these good results in terms of resource use and environmental impact. It will be important to use the right tools in order to achieve the necessary sustainable development within the industry. These tools should be combinations of exergy analysis, LCA and economic analysis. The focus should be on the development of these combinations and on the teaching of these combinations in engineering curricula.
ETIP SNET: For an innovative and successful European energy transition Leonardo ENERGY
The ETIP Smart Networks for Energy Transition (SNET) role is to guide Research, Development & Innovation (RD&I) to support Europe’s energy transition, more specifically, its mission is to set-out a vision for RD&I for Smart Networks for Energy Transition and engage stakeholders in this vision.
In this webinar the ETIP SNET role and main priorities will be introduced by its chairman Konstantin Staschus. Eric Peirano will present the new 10 year ETIP SNET Research & Innovation Roadmap 2017-2026. The roadmap provides a system view and addresses a scope larger than smart electricity grids by encompassing interactions with the gas and heat networks and focuses on integration of all flexibility solutions into the power system, including energy storage technologies.
Sustainable Energy and Climate Action Planning to Enhance Low Carbon District...Alis Daniela Torres
This document discusses sustainable energy and climate action planning in cities through district energy developments. It describes how district energy contributes to sustainable energy goals in city climate plans like SEAPs and SECAPs. These plans aim to reduce emissions and transition to low carbon energy systems by 2020, 2030, and 2050. District energy is identified as a key mitigation option in these plans through measures like upgrading infrastructure, utilizing waste heat recovery, and providing heating solutions to industries. The future of climate plans will focus on leveraging clean decentralized energy, promoting district heating as a mitigation strategy, and including adaptation criteria in energy infrastructure planning to increase urban sustainability.
Supporting the Energy Union with data & knowledgematteodefelice
Slides presented at the 3rd General Assembly of the H2020 S2S4E project explaining the role of the Joint Research Centre of the European Commission in supporting a fair and effective Energy Union
DISCUSSION ON THE WORKPROGRAMME OF ANNEX XVIIEA-ETSAP
The document discusses the International Energy Agency's Energy Technology Systems Analysis Programme (IEA-ETSAP), which develops energy systems modeling tools to help policymakers design pathways to meet goals like reducing emissions. The program involves collaboration between modeling teams from over 70 countries. It summarizes the program's objectives like conducting collaborative policy analysis using whole-systems modeling and building modeling capacity. Key topics discussed include the need for immediate mitigation action, the role of technologies like renewables and carbon capture, and how modeling can inform policies around issues like meeting energy demand at least cost and ensuring energy security.
This document outlines European priorities for resource efficiency, including establishing a circular economy with sustainable management of natural resources, climate services, and nature-based solutions. The priorities aim to promote innovation, economic growth, and environmental protection. Key focus areas are transitioning to a circular economy model for waste, water, and raw materials management, building climate services capacity, and integrating nature-based solutions into urban areas. National contact points will support applicants in applying for relevant Horizon 2020 funding.
Les Levidow: Divergent Pathways for Sustainable Agriculture: Contending accou...STEPS Centre
The document discusses contending pathways and accounts of sustainable agriculture in European research agendas. The dominant pathway frames sustainability as inefficiency to be addressed through efficient technological fixes, turning agriculture into a biomass factory. Alternative pathways promoted by groups like Technology Platform Organics and the Standing Committee on Agricultural Research focus on farmers' agroecological knowledge and short supply chains valorizing local resources and product identity. These divergent paradigms prioritize different types of knowledge, economic relations, and research.
This document presents an introduction to a study on the effects of transportation development on urban sprawl. It defines urban sprawl and discusses factors that influence its formation and development. It also examines the impact of transportation policies on sprawl patterns. Case studies of development models in the US, Japan, and Ukraine are introduced to show differences in sprawl patterns between the examples. Types of transit-oriented developments and their impacts on sprawl are also assessed. The second part of the study will present case studies of anti-sprawl plans in Tokyo and Portland to identify the most suitable strategies for limiting urban sprawl.
Physical features of gated communities in Japan and USA: A comparative analysisOleksandr Galychyn
In this research utilizing multi-case study were possible
through comparison across two pair of sites and generalization to determine distinct physical
features of the Japanese gated communities. Thus, main difference between Japanese gated
communities, or physical aspects, was defined. Those fundings will open Japanese gated
communities to a wider world: they will supply critics with more material on negative effects that
such communities spread in society and supporters to infer benefits for introducing this trend
throughout the world.
ORGANIC TRANSPORTATION NETWORKS: HUMAN-ORIENTED RENEWAL OF MODERN MEGAPOLISESOleksandr Galychyn
Studies related to the growth of the transportation networks from the second half of the 20th century have constantly
been focused on the topological complexity of motorized&public transportation network (internal
geometry&dynamics, occupied space, and geographical settings), or the structural properties (complexity of network
structure). However, those studies have failed to incorporate the concept of an integrated public-soft transportation
network, and the human-oriented transportation system, and its structural elements: soft transportation network,
accessible nodes called Transit-Oriented Developments (TODs) (internal geometry&dynamics), healthy
neighborhoods (accessible space occupied by transportation networks) and, most importantly, its topological
attributes. Additionally, the relative location (urban geographical settings) haven't been adequately represented in
their models to refine through the cumulative effects of internal&external constraints the final output model: humanoriented
transportation system and to formulate a finalized concept of the organic approach for megalopolises.
In this paper, the advanced phases of transportation network growth: integrated public-soft transportation network
and human-oriented transportation system will be discussed. Secondly, the topological attributes of those networks
will be determined by comparing to the our concept of human-oriented transportation system, integrated public-soft
transportation network in Finland (Helsinki) with ordinary one in Italy (Rome) through the organic transportation
approach perspective, taking into account an existing set of the topological attributes for each case study as well as
technological considerations. Thirdly, the concept of human-oriented transportation system will be implemented in
the relative location of Bozcaada to transform it to the Organic Island. Thus, a new conceptual model for the organic
approach for megalopolises (accessible& sustainable society coexist &develop alongside the sustainable mobility)
will be proposed.
Organic Urbanism: human-oriented design for metropolisesOleksandr Galychyn
Abstract
Existing theories of sustainable development have failed to address three common structural elements of the
human-oriented transportation system: healthy neighborhoods, Transit-Oriented Developments (TODs) connected
by integrated public-soft transportation network. The newly emerged conceptual model for zero-emission and zerowaste
urban design named Green Urbanism like the previous theories has failed to develop those three structural
elements of organic city.
In this paper approaches regarding the successful integration of soft transportation to the transit network will be
discussed. Secondly, the best physical standard for TOD will be determined by comparing TODs in Japan, Denmark,
Ukraine and Turkey by socio-economic indicators of each TOD type. Finally, the concept of healthy neighborhood
will be developed based on the Lehmann’s healthy community&district definitions, concept of human oriented
transportation, and the latest eco-mobility study from Barcelona. Thus, new conceptual model for sustainable city
will be proposed.
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Thesis presentation
1. International PhD Programme/ UNESCO Chair
“Environment, Resources and Sustainable Development”
Towards sustainable cities: A multicriteria
assessment framework for studying urban metabolism
PhD student
Oleksandr Galychyn
PhD Cycle 34 – Year 2021
Supervisor
Prof. Pier Paolo Franzese
Tutor(s):
Prof. Brian Fath
2. Scientific Background
1. The social and ecological impacts generated by urbanization require the
integrated management of cities based on a sustainable supply of resources for
the long-term management of human economy.
2. This perspective is based on network models to study internal metabolic
processes in urban socio-ecological systems, complementing traditional “black
box” urban models.
“black box” urban model Network model
3. Goal and Research questions
1. How to develop a multicriteria framework to assess the environmental performance
and sustainability of urban systems?- Paper I and II
2. How to explore the functioning, organization, and complexity of city systems by
integrating biophysical, systems, and network methods?-Paper III and IV
Towards sustainable cities
4. PAPER I
Questions addressed in the paper
What are the temporal trends in research on urban metabolism?
What are the emerging areas of investigation in the research on urban metabolism?
5. Methodology
The temporal trend analysis was used to investigate the temporal development of the
scientific research on urban metabolism
A bibliometric network analysis was implemented to generate maps based on network data
of scientific publications displaying relationships among scientific journals, researchers,
countries, and keywords.
6. RESULTS
• The temporal trend analysis showed that research on urban metabolism has
grown exponentially over the last ten years
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
7000
8000
1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 2015 2020
Number
of
publications
Cumulative
Citation
Cumulative Citation Number of publications
7. • The analysis also revealed a shift of focus from environmental issues to environmental
accounting tools and socio-economic aspects of cities
Overlay visualization of the co-occurrence network map of keywords.
RESULTS
8. CONCLUSION
• In light of the importance of urban systems in achieving local and global
sustainability goals, it is expected that the scientific literature on urban metabolism
will continue increasing over the next years.
• The complex relationships between natural and socio-economic systems in cities,
could be explored through the development and application of multi-criteria
assessment frameworks to study urban metabolism.
9. PAPER I I
Questions addressed in the paper
How to regionalize national economic supply and use tables using a supply-side commodity-by-industry model?
⋅How to estimate transformities of energy and monetary flows exchanged between industrial sectors and the
environment?
⋅How to construct the regional hybrid-unit emergy input-output table from regional economic and energy data?
⋅How to estimate the environmental support provided to urban socio-ecological systems?
A multi-criteria framework for assessing urban socio-ecological systems: The emergy
nexus of the urban economy and environment
Oleksandr Galychyn1*, B. D. Fath2, Izhar Hussain Shah 3, Elvira Buonocore 1, Pier Paolo Franzese1
1Laboratory of Ecodynamics and Sustainable Development, Department of Science and Technology, Parthenope University of
Naples, Centro Direzionale, Isola C4, 80143, Naples.
2Council for Agricultural Research and Economics – Consiglio per la ricerca in agricoltura e l’analisi dell’economia agraria –
Forest Monitoring and Planning Research Unit (CREA–MPF), Trento (Italy).
Submitted to Journal of Cleaner Environmental Systems. In review.
10. The case study of the Municipality of Vienna (Austria)
• Vienna region has the smallest area among
other regions ( 414.9 km2).
• Vienna region hosts a population of about
1.9 million (2020).
• This region generates about one quarter of
the national GDP, about 96 billion euros.
11. Methodology
HYBRID INPUT-OUTPUT
Analyze interdependence of
energy and non-energy
industries in urban economy.
REFLEXIVE METHOD
Analysis of entire supply
chain of each product to
estimate transformity values.
MATRIX INVERSION
An extension of hybrid input-
output analysis to estimate
transformity values.
12. Regional monetary and energy IO tables
• Supply-side commodity-by-industry input-output
and location quotient (LQ) approaches based on
value added and final energy consumption were used
to obtain the regional shares of monetary and energy
production (location quotients), respectively
• Then, these shares were applied to disaggregate
Vienna’s monetary and energy balance data.
Supply-side approach
13. Regional monetary and energy IO tables
• Consequently, the regional energy use
data were integrated with regional energy
supply data through the Leontief’s
“commodity by industry model”.
• This models used to estimate direct and
energy (monetary) requirement matrix,
which is then multiplied by total industrial
supply (or use) to build energy(
monetary) input-output tables
Commodity-by-industry accounting framework
Commodity Industry
Final
Demand
Total
Use
Commodity
Use
Matrix
Final
uses
Commodity
outputs
Industry
Make
Matrix
Industry
outputs
Energy
losses
Value
Added
Energy
losses
Value
Added
Imports Imports
Total
supply
Commodity
outputs
Industry
outputs
14. Development of emergy input-output model
• The matrix method was integrated with
reflexive method to overcome limitations
in computing transformity values.
• Regional monetary and energy input-
output tables were multiplied by their
respective transformity values and
summed to build the emergy input output
table. .
Limitations
Methods
Non-square matrices
(processes < quantities)
Non-unique solution
of transformities
Matrix Inversion Problem Ok
Reflexive Method Problem Problem
Matrix + Reflexive Ok Ok
Table 3 Limitations and extensions.
15. Hybrid-unit emergy input-output model
• The emergy input-output table was
combined with the monetary input-
output table based on hybrid-unit
input-output approach to build
hybrid-unit emergy IO model.
• This table id used to estimate the total
environmental support to each sector
of the Vienna’s socio-ecological
system.
Data in grey area are in emergy units (seJ) and data in white area
are in monetary units (€)
H-EIO
Consuming
sectors
Final
Consumers
Total
Use
Producing
sector
Intermediate
use
Final
use
Industry
outputs
Producing
sector
Intermediate
use
Final
use
Industry
outputs
Imports Imports
Value added
Value
added
Table 4 Hybrid-unit emergy input-output model
16. Total emergy consumption (seJ) by sector in Vienna
1. “Renewable energy” sector is
supported by a large emergy
consumption, confirming the
importance of renewable energy in the
context of Vienna’s regional economy.
1. The lowest emergy use of the “mining
and quarrying” sector shows that the
Vienna’s government focused on
improving circular economy strategies
and renewable energy production.
Results
17. Total emergy consumption (seJ) by sector in Vienna
1. “Agriculture, forestry, and fishing”
uses only slightly more emergy
compared to “mining and quarrying”
sector (1.03E+18 seJ), indicating that
this sector is similar in terms of
investments to “mining and quarrying”
sector.
2. Among the tertiary sectors, “public
administration and defence, social
security”, “transportation and storage”,
and “human health and social work
activities” are characterized by a high
emergy support, confirming a strong
policy commitment to provide high
quality social services oriented towards
smart cities and urban sustainability in
line with the Vienna’s development
strategy
Results
18. Conclusion
•Future strategies should consider applying supply-side and demand-side
interventions to continue improving the share of renewable energies while
promoting and supporting sectors with low emergy consumption (i.e.,
organic agriculture, mining and quarrying, transportation and storage).
•The investments into “agriculture, forestry, and fishing” sector should be
prioritized due to the role of this sector in renewable energy production and
its position in supply chain: acceptance of renewable energy into the system,
and its transfer in the production and supply of agricultural products (i.e.,
farm products) to all other sectors.
19. PAPER III
Questions addressed in the paper
How to integrate the use of emergy input–output tables and ecological network analysis to construct urban
metabolic network model?
How to determine the status of system components using system-level analyses (flow and contribution analyses)?
How to identify critical components responsible for the status (level of contribution exchange with other sectors)
and emergy consumption of the other sectors using pairwise control and utility analyses?
What corrective measures targeted at each critical sector of the Vienna's metabolic system should be applied to
impove the overall efficiency and sustainability
Ecological network analysis of a metabolic urban system based on input–output
tables:Model development and case study for the city of Vienna
O. Galychyn1,*, B. D. Fath2,3, E. Buonocore1, P.P. Franzese1
1 International PhD Programme / UNESCO Chair “Environment, Resources and Sustainable Development”, Department of
Science and Technology, Parthenope University of Naples, Naples, Italy.
2 Department of Biological Sciences at Towson University, Maryland, USA.
3 Advancing Systems Analysis, International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis, Laxenburg, Austria
Submitted to Journal of Cleaner Production Letters. In review.
20. Methodology
ECOLOGICAL NETWORK
Method used to analyze a
structure and functions of
urban metabolic system.
INPUT-OUTPUT
Analyze interdependence of
industries in urban economy.
REFLEXIVE METHOD
Analysis of entire supply
chain of each product to
estimate transformity values.
MATRIX INVERSION
An extension of hybrid input-
output analysis to estimate
transformity values.
21. Network
model
of
Vienna
metabolic
system
The model of builds on balanced Vienna’s emergy input-output
table.
The model is used to perform ecological network analysis of
Vienna’s urban metabolic system
Ecological network model of Vienna’s metabolic system
22. Ecological network model of Vienna’s metabolic system
• Zi and Yi represent inputs from and to the external environment of the metabolic system, respectively.
• ‘Environment’ includes the natural environment within Vienna’s boundary and outside of the region
Sector Sector names
AGR Agriculture, forestry, and fishing
MIN Mining and quarrying
MAN Manufacturing
EC Electricity, gas, water supply, sewerage, waste,
and remediation services
CON Construction
WR Wholesale and retail trade, repair of motor
vehicles
TS Transportation and storage
AC Accommodation and food service activities
INF Information and communication
FIN Financial and insurance activities
RA Real estate activities
OBS Professional, scientific, technical, administrative,
and support service activities
ADS Public administration and defence, compulsory
social security
ED Education
HS Human health and social work activities
ER Arts, entertainment, and recreation, repair of
household goods and other service
23. Ecological network analysis of Vienna’s metabolic system
Flow Analysis
Estimates flows and their transfer efficiencies
along all possible path lengths in urban
metabolic system
Contribution Analysis
Measures the total influence of each component
on all other components in the system, and vice
versa
Control Analysis
Measures dependence and control between each
pair of components
Utility Analysis
Assesses benefits and costs between each pair of
components in the system
ENA
24. Results: Critical sectors based status ( level of contribution
exchange with other sectors ) and emergy consumption
Producers (AGR and MIN)
Suppliers (AGR and MIN ) do not have enough indirect support (investments)
to satisfy demand of consuming sectors
Consumers (downstream)
Highest monetary
dependence in the
system (ADS, and HS )
Reliance on imported
products (TS and EC)
Low importance in the
system (WR and CON)
Sector Sector names
AGR Agriculture, forestry, and fishing
MIN Mining and quarrying
MAN Manufacturing
EC Electricity, gas, water supply, sewerage, waste,
and remediation services
CON Construction
WR Wholesale and retail trade, repair of motor
vehicles
TS Transportation and storage
AC Accommodation and food service activities
INF Information and communication
FIN Financial and insurance activities
RA Real estate activities
OBS Professional, scientific, technical, administrative,
and support service activities
ADS Public administration and defence, social security
ED Education
HS Human health and social work activities
ER Arts, entertainment, and recreation, repair of
household goods and other service
25. Results: Sectors responsible for critical state of producers
(Agriculture and Mining)
Energy
• Competition for investments between
Agriculture and Energy sectors
contributed the most to the low deliver
ability of Agriculture sector to consuming
sectors.
Agriculture
•Low monetary (investments) and strong
energy dependence of Agriculture sector on
Mining and Energy sectors hindered
Agriculture’s production capacity
Mining
Wholesale and Retail
•Lack of monetary control of Wholesale and
Retail sector over Mining sector contributed
to the low energy delivery of the Mining
sector
26. Conclusion
To promote decentralized electricity generation options and direct
distribution channels to minimise the losses associated with energy
delivery to tertiary consumers and the payment from tertiary
industries reaching AGR and MIN sectors, respectively.
The combination of multi-criteria approach with costs of
ecological and socio-economic ENA constitutes an indispensable
tool for studying the total environmental costs of all indirect
interindustry exchanges among sectors in urban metabolic systems,
thereby providing support for city managers and policy makers to
guide resource consumption towards an efficient and sustainable
urban metabolic system.
27. PAPER IV
Questions addressed in the paper
How to develop supply-extended and use-extended emergy footprint models?
⋅How to compare the results using supply-extended and use-extended designs?
Emergy assessment in Vienna, Austria:
A systems perspective comparing supply and use-extended footprint models
O. Galychyn1*, B. D. Fath2, D. Wiedenhofer3, E. Buonocore1, P.P. Franzese1
1 International PhD Programme / UNESCO Chair “Environment, Resources and Sustainable Development”, Department of
Science and Technology, Parthenope University of Naples, Centro Direzionale, Isola C4, (80143) Naples, Italy.
2 Department of Biological Sciences at Towson University, Maryland, USA
3Institute of Social Ecology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna. Austria
In preparation
28. Methods
MATRIX INVERSION
An extension of hybrid input-
output analysis to estimate
transformity values.
ENVIRONMENTAL INPUT-OUTPUT
An extension of input-input
analysis to assess environmental
impacts of economic activities
29. Territorial (or production-based) accounting
PBA attributes the direct CO2 emissions
to the industries where goods and
services are produced, regardless of final
destination of these commodities
Such activities generally include energy,
manufacturing, mining, transport,
industry and waste incineration
I-O Commodities
Final
Consumers
Sectors
Intermediate
use
Final
use
Supply-extension - energy extraction and
production induces CO2 emissions
I-O Commodities
Final
Consumers
Sectors
Intermediate
use
Final
use
Use-extension –direct energy consumption
by final users induces CO2 emissions
30. Environmentally extended input-output accounting framework
• Carbon and emergy footprints of final products and industries were estimated at the at entry point
into the urban economy (energy extraction) and at the final stage of the energy conversion chain
(energy use).
Consumption of commodities by industries Final consumption
Emissions from final energy use
Production of
commodities
by sector
1 2 … n
Households Government
Capital
formation
Exports Households Capital
formation
Exports
1 x11 x12 … x1n q1L q1G q1C q1M q1L q1C q1M
2 x11 x12 … x2n q2L q2G q2C q2M q2L q2C q2M
… … … … … … … … … … …
n xn1 xn2 … xnn qnL qnG qnC qnM qnL qnC qnM
Energy use (or
supply) by
sector
Categ
ory 1
pe11 pe12 … pe1n
Categ
ory 2
pe11 pe21 … pe2n
… … … … …
Categ
ory m
pem1 pem2 … pemn
31. Results: Footprints of final products
• Products of extractive industries (i.e., agricultural
products) and services become higher when
emergy-evaluated version of footprint is used
• The manufacturing products (i.e., chemical
products) became higher when traditional carbon
footprints are estimated
Carbon footprints (left) and emergy-based carbon footprints (right) for final goods and services, estimated from a
commodity-by-commodity IO model, showing the difference between the supply-extended (red) and the use-extended
model (blue), for Vienna 2015.
32. Results: Footprints disaggregated by final demand categories
Carbon and emergy footprints of final demand categories broken down by final products and aggregated by intermediate sector
categories, 2015; Carbon footprints are shown in the left bar (a) while emergy-based carbon footprints are shown in the right
bar(b)
• In general, we find that direct energy use of biofuels
by final demand categories (i.e., households) is far
less pronounced compared to the final consumption
by production (industries)
a) Carbon footprints of final demand categories b) Emergy footprints of final demand categories
• Exports category in emergy-evaluated use extension design
is a little larger compared to the supply-extended design (b)
due to the small direct emergy export of biofuels including
environmental costs of biofuel production, not of local
origin, by agricultural and energy source sectors allocated to
the final demand category of Exports.
33. Results: Consumption by source sector
Carbon footprints (left) and emergy-based carbon footprints (right) for source sectors, estimated from a commodity-
by-commodity IO model, showing the difference between the supply-extended (red) and the use-extended model
(blue), for Vienna 2015.
• Energy and mining sectors are not key emergy sources for Vienna Region due to the economic (i.e.,
transportation costs, ) and environmental concerns (i. e, circular economy and renewable energy
alternatives)
34. Because each emergy extension provides different type of
information, we recommend assembling emergy extensions from
the multi-scale nested MRIO tables to promote decision rooted in
environmental and economic stewardship and resource-efficient
cities.
The understanding of total environmental support to the production
and use activities in the economy will assist policy makers in
assessing implication of their decisions for the whole urban
economy and its global life-support system.
Conclusion
35. • This thesis contributed to developing multi-criteria assessment frameworks capable of exploring the
interplay of environment, economy, and resources taking place within urban socio-ecological system
by adopting an interdisciplinary and systems-based approach.
• The integration between environmental accounting with the multiple methods of network science
methodology proved to be useful to overcome shortcomings of single criteria approaches when
investigating internal problems and associated external environmental burden (resource
consumption and environmental pollution).
• Further research should be conducted obtain more disaggregated and multi-scale data on production
processes and consumption activities in cities to understand fully and to assess upstream and
downstream requirements of urban metabolic activities.
• More research should also focus on combining system-level indicators, reflecting system’s resource
efficiency and sustainability, with internal metabolism assessment to improve the state of the urban
socio-ecological systems and its development in terms of efficiency and stability
Main contributions of PhD research to the future work
Aquí tienes que enumerar los títulos de las páginas de la presentación, tantos como quieras poner. El diseño es libre, siempre que se entienda que es un sumario.