This document summarizes a thesis on the transfer of maternal antibodies against Newcastle Disease Virus from parent birds to day old chicks. The study was conducted on breeder and layer farms to estimate the transfer rate of antibodies from parents to offspring at different ages. Blood, egg yolk, and chick serum samples were tested using ELISA to determine antibody titers. Results showed that antibody transfer rates varied between farms and declined with the age of the parents. The study provides guidance on vaccination schedules for day old chicks based on the persistence of maternal antibodies.

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2. Dr. Md. Eiktier Dewan
Roll No. 0213/10
Registration No. 174
Session: 2013-2014
SUPERVISOR NAME
Prof. Dr. Abdul Ahad
Head, Dept. of Microbiology
and Public Health, CVASU
PRESENTED BY
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3. THESIS TITLE
Transfer Rate of Maternal Antibody (MaAb) Against
Newcastle Disease Virus from Parents to Day Old Chicks.
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4. Contents
 Introduction
 Objectives
 Materials and Methodology
 Results & Discussion
 Conclusion & Recommendation
Acknowledgements
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5. New Castle Disease (ND) also known as Ranikhet
Disease (RD)
Highly contagious viral disease
Attacks many species of domestic and wild birds.
Caused by New Castle Disease Virus (NDV)
 Is a –ve sense ssRNA virus
Family Paramyxoviridae.
Introduction
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6.  ND is a major problem of the large and small scale
poultry industries in Bangladesh
 Vaccination has been reported as the only
safeguard against endemic ND
 Level of MaAb transfer and its half life time is
important for designing a suitable vaccination
program
Cont…
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7.  To estimate the transfer rate of anti-NDV Abs from dams to
their offspring in the Breeder Farm
 To estimate the transfer rate of anti-NDV Abs from dams to
their offspring in the Layer Farm
 Detecting the persistence of MDA in progeny from
vaccinated parent stock
 To provide a guideline in vaccination schedule
Objectives
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8. Materials & Methodology
Study Area
 Study was undertaken within Jan. 2014 to Dec. 2014.
 Three renowned Breeder Farms (BF) and 3 Layer Farms (LF) were
selected randomly from Chittagong
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9.  10 parent’s serum, 10 eggs & 10 DOCs serum samples from
each BF out of total 3 BF
 In each breeder farm samples were taken from 3 age group
i.e. 34, 38 & 42wks
 Similarly 10 parent’s serum, 10 eggs samples were taken
from each LF out of total 3 LF
 From each LF sample were taken from 3 age group i.e. 34,
38 & 42wks
Cont…
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10. Cont…
Sampling layout for BF
Age group(wks) Parents serum DOC’S Serum Egg yolk
34 10 10 10
38 10 10 10
42 10 10 10
Sampling layout for LF
Age group(wks) Parents serum Egg yolk
34 10 10
38 10 10
42 10 10
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11. Blood and eggs from each BF & each LF were collected
randomly by single visit and stored at -200c after serum
collection
 After 21 days from 1st visit, the DOCs were collected from
the hatchery of respective BF
 Day old chicks (DOCs) were sacrificed and Serum was
then separated and stored at -20oC until analyzed
All the tests were done in the CVASU microbiology and
the PRTC laboratory
Cont…
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12. The assay(ELISA)was performed according to the
protocol and suppliance provided by the Biochek
commercial ELISA kit.
Cont…
B. Separation of serum from bloodA. Collected sera samples
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13. Data was stored in a Excel sheet.
The immune status of the birds and comparison was
done using analysis of variance (ANOVA).
A confidence level of 95% was as a cut off to show
the level of significance.
Cont…
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14. Age in
wks
Parent DOC Egg yolk
Mean ±
SD
P value Mean ±
SD
P value Mean ±
SD
P
value
34 10933.6±
2300.75
.774 9805.9±
4843.35
.096 14081±21
90.43
.336
38 10211.1±
2190.60
5784.4±
3110.09
12537.9±
2965.51
42 10586.2±
2245.35
9055.2±
4535.7
13671±18
07.13
Antibody titre against ND in Breeder Farm (BF1)
Results & Discussion
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15. Antibody transfer percentage (%) in BF1.
128.79
122.79
129.14
89.66
56.65
85.54
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
34 wks 38 wks 42 wks
yolk%
DOC%
Cont…
AGE(WKS) Type
21 Killed
27 Live
33 Live
39 Live
45 Live
Maintained ND vaccination
schedule
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16. Age in wks Parent DOC Egg
Mean ± SD P value Mean ± SD P value Mean ±
SD
P
value
34 15381.6±36
33.67
.006 10814.4±1
919.86
.316 12394±1
591.76
.005
38 18274.2±21
00.72
12299.3±1
828.7
14993.5±
2628.18
42 13240.3±36
68.77
11726.4±2
639.38
10967.5±
1636.34
Antibody titre against ND in Breeder Farm (BF2)
Cont…
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17. 80.58 82.05 82.83
70.3 67.3
88.57
0
20
40
60
80
100
34 wks 38 wks 42 wks
yolk %
DOC %
Antibody transfer percentage (%) in BF2.
Cont…
AGE(WKS) Type
20 Killed
27 Live
34 Live
41 Live
48 Live
Maintained ND vaccination schedule
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18. Age in
wks
Parent DOC Egg
Mean ±
SD
P value Mean ±
SD
P value Mean ±
SD
P
value
34 12971.5±
1957.66
.180 9280±326
2.97
.198 11627.1±
4357.31
.849
38 11345.8±
1352.27
9265.8±1
786.33
9779.4±3
860.25
42 10820.7±
3875.56
8648.7±2
357.07
8714.7±2
257.94
Antibody titre against ND in Breeder Farm (BF3)
Cont…
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19. Antibody transfer percentage (%) in BF3.
89.64 86.19 80.54
71.54
81.67 79.93
0
20
40
60
80
100
34 wks 38 wks 42 wks
yolk%
DOC%
Cont…
AGE(WKS) Type
22 Killed
29 Live
36 Live
43 Live
50 Live
Maintained ND vaccination schedule
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20. Age in wks Parent Egg
Mean ± SD P value Mean ± SD P value
34 10229.3±321
7.5112
.383 6749.2±253
1.4799
.052
38 12434.3±364
1.9266
4473±1418.
6051
42 11885.9±401
8.0102
5296.9±190
1.8988
Antibody titre against ND in Layer Farm (LF1)
Cont…
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21. Age in wks Parent Egg
Mean ± SD P value Mean ± SD P
valu
e
34 14710.4±1713.
8471
.0004 7094.4±3418.
4783
.148
38 13526.3±1826.
6526
7082.8±1235.
7472
42 10881.3±2188.
8898
5361.6±1144.
6295
Antibody titre against ND in Layer Farm (LF2)
Cont…
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22. Age in wks Parent Egg
Mean ± SD P value Mean ± SD P
valu
e
34 10395.1±2332.
1158
.717 7949.9±1695.
8026
.017
38 11398.4±1953.
9885
5998.3±2039.
1278
42 10961.1±3643.
2464
5497.6±1883.
2991
Antibody titre against ND in Layer Farm (LF3)
Cont…
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23. Antibody transfer percentage (%) from parent to egg yolk
in Layer Farms.
65.98
35.98
44.56
48.23
52.36 49.27
76.48
52.62 50.16
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
34 WKS38 WKS42 WKS
LF 1
LF 2
LF 3
Cont…
Age Type
16 18 Killed
24 25 24 live
32 32 31 live
40 39 38 live
48 46 45 live
LF1 LF2 LF3
17
Maintained ND vaccination
schedule
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24. Cont…
ELISA test of our study revealed that, the anti-NDV
titre of the mentioned BF and LF were different at
different ages.
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 Vaccination protocol in breeder and layer farms mainly
leads this variation.
 Infection load of NDV also plays significant role in this
aspect.
 Thereafter ELISA is a sensitive test not specific leads
a little deviation of expected solid & accurate estimation
and it can detect all functional types of Abs.

25. ELISA is therefore, proved more practical, sensitive and
rapid for detection of Ab titres against NDV vaccines
compared to the HI test.
The obtained results ,revealed that ELISA can detect high
levels of Abs and considered accurate and sensitive compared
to HI test.
Cont…
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26. The estimated half life time of ND maternal antibody
level is 6.3 days
In G e o r g i a Po u l t r y, 2010 – 2012 the baseline
Broiler Breeder NDV titers at 30-34wks was 3435, at 35-
39wks was 3493 & at 40-44wks was
Conclusion & Recommendation
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In BF1 transfer rate of MaAb was 89%, 56% & 85%
respectively after 1wk, 5wks & 3wks of post vaccination
So we concluded our study findings as following:

27. 4/23/2016 27
In BF2 transfer rate of MaAb was 70.3%, 67.3% &
88.57% respectively after 1wk, 4wks & 2wks of post
vaccination
In BF3 transfer rate of MaAb was 71.54%, 81.67% &
79.93% respectively after 5wks, 2wks & 4wks of post
vaccination
DOC from BF1 from 34 & 42wks should be vaccinated
within 10 days whereas DOC from 38wks should be
vaccinated within 7 days

28. DOC from BF2 from 34 & 42wks should be vaccinated
within 10 days whereas DOC from 38wks should be
vaccinated within 15 days
DOC from BF3 from 34 & 38wks should be vaccinated
within 10 days whereas DOC from 42wks should be
vaccinated within 7 days
According to this study, the maternally derived
antibodies persists up to 5 to 15 days in progeny after
hatching & vaccine must be given within this time
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Cont…

29. I express my gratitude to my supervisor Prof. Dr. Abdul Ahad . I also extend
my thanks to all members of the dept. of Microbiology and Veterinary Public
Health.
•Dr. Nitish Chandra Debnath , Professor, Department of Microbiology and
Veterinary Public Health
•Dr. Paritosh Kumar Biswas , Professor, Department of Microbiology and
Veterinary Public Health
•Dr. Abdul Ahad , Professor, Department of Microbiology and Veterinary
Public Health
•Dr. Himel Barua , Associate Professor, Department of Microbiology and
Veterinary Public Health
•Dr. Abul Kashem , Assistant Professor, Department of Microbiology and
Veterinary Public Health
•Dr. Md. Zohorul Islam, Assistant Professor, Department of Microbiology
and Veterinary Public Health
•Dr. Mukta Das Gupta, Assistant Professor, Department of Microbiology and
Veterinary Public Health
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
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30. Thanks to All
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