Thermal insulation reduces heat transfer between objects in contact or radiative influence. It maintains room temperatures according to requirements by creating a shield around homes. Thermal insulation is necessary due to increasing global warming and temperature variation. Insulation helps avoid high electricity bills and environmental impacts of heating/cooling devices. Houses can be insulated by choosing insulating materials for construction, adding insulation materials like fiberglass, mineral wool, cellulose or polyurethane foam between walls/roofs, and using insulating doors, windows and light-colored exteriors. Proper insulation helps maintain stable indoor temperatures and reduces energy costs.

1. by builtify

2. What is Thermal Insulation ?
• Thermal insulation is the reduction of heat transfer between objects in
thermal contact or in range of radiative influence.
• In simple thermal insulation of buildings mean in hotter area keep the room
cold and in colder area keep the hot.
• Also we can say thermal insulation of buildings means creating a shield
around your home to maintain your rooms temperature according to your
requirement.

4. Why thermal Insulation is necessary?
• Thermal Insulation is necessary for every one who are constructing buildings.
• In today's world Global warming is increasing day by day, for which wheather is
changing Drastically.
• Due to weather change the world is getting temperature variation, some where it is
very cold, and some other area it is very hot.
• And to get rid of extreme weather conditions man has invented every possible
devices to tackle this problem.
• Such as A/C, room heater etc.
• But these equipments will have another issue that is electricity problem. You have to
pay huge amount of money for bills and the gases releasing from this devices have
very bad impact on the environment.
• So it is better to have make thermally insulated home rather than paying heavy
amount of electric bills.

5. How to make your house thermally insulated?
• To make your house thermally insulated you can do in the following
way.
• First while choosing materials for building construction choose the
material which are thermally insulated . In that way halif of your
work will be done.
• Second is you have to add materials for your home which can make
your house properly thermally insulated.

6. Material that make your house thermally insulted .
There are many materials which are thermally insulated.
• Doors and windows:- There are various materials available which can help
to maintain room temperature. Such as fiber door, upvc door, pvc door
and window, wooden door and window. It seems like doors and windows
have no importance in insulation process , but they affect mainly as the air
to room passes through them . Even if a small gap can make large impact
in temperature.

8. Colour and surface:-
• Light coloured and smooth materials have higher reflectivity than dark coloured and
rough materials. Whitewash, white paints, Marble have high reflectivity coefficient.

9. Thermal insulation by adding material
• Thermal insulation by adding material mean adding thermal insulators
within walls, roofs or floor can make your house thermally insulated.
• There are different type of material available i market which you can add
to your buildings and make them thermally insulated.

10. Types of Thermal Insulation Materials :-
• Fiberglass
• Mineral wool
• Cellulose
• Polyurethane foam

11. Fiberglass:-
• Fiber glass insulating material made up of fine glass fibers. It is mostly found in many
homes. These fiber glass insulating material come in 2 types. One is in roll or batts and
other one is rigid boards.
Advantages :-
• It can be easily moulded into any shape and has mechanical strength that is so strong
and stiff.It lasts for long time. No maintenance required . It is anti-magnetic, fire
resistant, Good electrical Insulator, Fire proof.
Disadvantage:-
• It needs to be re-gel coated every 5 years. It may not work if it is wet or damp during
installation.

13. Mineral wool:-
• Mineral wool is a fibrous material drawn from molten mineral or rock
mineral.
Advantages:-
• It is installed as sheet into walls.
• It is fire resistant, Noise resistant.
Disadvantage:-
• it is very expensive material.

15. Cellulose
• Cellulose insulation is plant fiber used in wall and roof cavities to insulate,
draught proof and reduce free noise.
Advantages:-
• Cellulose insulation is treated with boric acid which makes them fire
resistant and makes them unpalatable.Have long term thermal insulating
properties.Are cheaper than fiberglass. Normally health risk is less.
Disadvantages:-
• Creates enormous amount of dust when installed.
• Cellulose insulation absorbs moisture easily and decreases the long term
insulating properties.

17. Polyurethane foam
• Polyurethane foam insulation is made up of two chemicals. These foam
insulation are spread on walls and roofs and then it solidifies to make an
insulating material.
• There are two types of foam material , one is open cell spray foam. And
another is closed cell spray foam.
• Reduces HVAC capacity requirements.
• Have stable insulation over time.
• Reduces air and moisture Infiltration resulting in a more consistent
temperature.

19. How to choose insulating material:-
• During choosing thermal insulation material choose that which have
better thermal insulation.
• And most important thing is whether the materials insulation capacity is
long lasting or not.
• Next how much will it cost.
• How much will it take to install them.
• If it requires maintenance or not.

20. Heat Insulation of roofs
• Heat Insulating materials like a mud phuska can be applied externally.
• False ceilings with an air gap can be built internally.
• Water sprinkling on roof .
• White washing the roof before summer.
• Applying reflecting materials on the roof.

21. Heat insulation of exposed walls:-
• Construct wall of sufficient thickness. A brick wall of 23 cm thickness is
adequate. Thermal performance can further be improved by Providing
cavity walls (gap between two walls) and hollow bricks.
• Constructing a wall with suitable lightweight materials.
• Applying a light colour on the external surface.

23. Mud phuska terracing:-
• Mud phuska terracing and paving with bricks tiles is good for
waterproofing and heat proofing of flat roofs. This is the best suited for
hot and arid regions.
• Soil mixed with water is applied on a bitumen laid roof surface.
• The water quantity should be such that soil can retain it’s shape in the
form of a ball. Generally , 150 litres of water is sufficient for 1 cubic meter
of mud phuska. A slope of 1:50 and with 1” thickness at the end is
adequate.

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