Jesus lived in Palestine during the Roman occupation. Politically, he advocated for justice and equality, though did not directly involve himself in politics. He challenged the Jewish religious leaders and their interpretation of scripture. The main religious groups at the time were the Pharisees, Sadducees, Essenes, and Zealots. The Roman Empire controlled the region and their occupation led to unrest and rebellions that resulted in the destruction of the temple in Jerusalem in 70 AD.