The WikiLeaks Conundrum
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This document discusses various topics related to the WikiLeaks episode from 2010 to the present, including the power of networks and governments, online freedom of speech, the relationship between old and new media, and the collision between transparency and opacity. It raises questions about how to characterize Julian Assange and Bradley Manning, the role of media gatekeepers, the Obama government's response, the actions of digital companies, civil disobedience on the internet, implications for openness after WikiLeaks, and whether Assange has been a hypocrite.
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The document discusses the concepts of e-government, we-government, and government as a platform. It defines we-government as involving collaboration between government and citizens. Government as a platform means government provides tools and resources for citizens to solve problems and share ideas. Examples mentioned include NASA Clickworkers, Peer to Patent, Apps for Democracy, and SeeClickFix. The principles of Government 2.0 are outlined as being open by default, open to self-service, tapping outside wisdom, letting people experiment. Potential benefits discussed are lowered transaction costs, increased civic participation, and less deference to experts.
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Open/Networked Movements: Occupy Wall Street and the Tea Party
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Obama 2008: What Was Empowered By His Campaign
The document discusses how the 2008 Obama presidential campaign utilized new technologies and online organizing to empower ordinary citizens and small donors to participate in the campaign in unprecedented ways, raising hundreds of millions of dollars online and inspiring millions to become actively involved both online and offline, but questions what happened to sustaining that level of engagement and participation after the election.
Yes They Can: How the 2012 Presidential Campaigns Are Using Technology
Between 2008 and 2012, voters lost control of their personal data and campaigns gained powerful tools to target individuals. While early social media sites in 2008 allowed users to connect with others and the candidate, by 2012 campaigns built sophisticated profiles of individuals and could target them directly through social media apps on sites like Facebook and MittRomney.com.
Trustiness mockup
Trust in major institutions has declined significantly in recent years according to a new report. The report found that trust in the media has fallen 8 points in the last year alone to only 32% of Americans saying they trust the media. This "trustiness slide" affects many institutions like the media, business, government and NGOs, with the study finding trust has fallen across the board in most institutions over the past decade according to long-term trends.
From Dean to Obama: How Electoral Politics is Changing
In this class, we looked at the role of the Internet in Howard Dean's 2004 campaign, and began to look at the 2008 Obama campaign as well. In particular, we looked closely at how the Dean campaign harnessed and benefited from network effects, and then began to explore the role of outside "free agents" in the 2008 race, notably Phil de Vellis and Joe Anthony.
From Dean to Obama: How Electoral Politics is Changing
In this class, we looked at the role of the Internet in Howard Dean's 2004 campaign, and began to look at the 2008 Obama campaign as well. In particular, we looked closely at how the Dean campaign harnessed and benefited from network effects, and then began to explore the role of outside "free agents" in the 2008 race, notably Phil de Vellis and Joe Anthony.
Decentralized and Open Organizations
In this class we delved into the work of Clay Shirky (Here Comes Everybody) and Ori Brafman and Rod Beckstrom (The Starfish and the Spider), and looked at the rise of "starfish" organizations that are taking advantage of the Internet's affordances. We closed the class with a discussion of Mark Pesce's work on "hyperpolitics" and "hyperempowerment."
Decentralized and Open Organizations
Feb 27, 2012, DPI-665, The politics of the Internet. In this class we read from Clay Shirky's Here Comes Everybody and Ori Brafman and Rod Beckstrom's The Starfish and the Spider and began to discuss the nature of decentralized/open organizations and the different role of leadership in such organizations.
From Fortresses to Sponges
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Read/Write: A Culture of Sharing and Transparency
In this class, we discussed the work of Michael Wesch and David Weinberger, who each explore how read/write culture changes things. For Wesch, it opens up the possibility of a more participant-driven culture. For Weinberger, it diminishes the power of authorities and shifts knowledge in the direction of greater argument and transparency.
From Mass Media to the Networked Public Sphere
Using the Cluetrain Manifesto and the Wealth of Networks, we discussed how networked media changes the relationship between ordinary people and powerful institutions.
SOPA/PIPA and the Rise of Networked Public Power
These are the slides I used for "Power Politics in the Age of Google," a public panel presented by the Shorenstein Center of the Harvard Kennedy School on Feb 9, 2012.
Politics in America, Pre-Internet
The document summarizes changes in civic participation and politics in America before the rise of the internet. It describes how until the 1960s, large voluntary membership organizations with local chapters dominated civic participation. However, from the 1960s onward, there was a rise of professionally managed advocacy groups without local chapters or membership rolls. Key factors driving this change included rights movements, growth of public interest groups and PACs, and the influence of television and direct mail marketing allowing groups to mobilize supporters nationally rather than locally. This resulted in a shift to more top-down, elite-driven forms of political participation and communication.
What is Web 2.0?
These are the slides for DPI-665, "The Politics of the Internet" class of Feb 6, 2012. The topic is "What is Web 2.0" and it implications for the political arena.
From Scarcity to Abundance
The document discusses Moore's Law and how the number of transistors that can be placed on computer chips inexpensively doubles every 18 to 24 months. It then asks who benefits from a scarcity model versus an abundance model of resources on the internet and in technology.
Summing up the early internet
Notes for the Jan 30, 2012 class of Politics of the Internet, DPI-665, Harvard Kennedy School, Professor Micah L. Sifry. CC BY-NC-SA
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The WikiLeaks Conundrum
- 1. DPI-665 Politics of the Internet April 16, 2012 The WikiLeaks Conundrum Micah L. Sifry Audio: http://bit.ly/HXDoGd CC-BY-NC-SA
- 2. Topics for discussion What does the WikiLeaks episode of 2010- present show us about: -the power of networks? -the power of governments? -the promise and precariousness of online freedom of speech? -the evolving relationship between old and new media? -the collision between participatory transparency and elite opacity?
- 3. Julian Assange • Transparency activist? Journalist? • Hacking a superpower? Destroying an “invisible government”?
- 4. Bradley Manning • Daniel Ellsberg-style anti-war whistleblower? • Traitor?
- 5. Media gatekeepers? • WikiLeaks as “stateless news organization,” but one needing old media for amplification and defense • Old media responded how?
- 6. The Obama government • “The more freely information flows, the stronger the society becomes” (Obama in China) • “Assange is a high- tech terrorist” (Biden in the US)
- 7. The new digital sovereigns • Amazon, PayPal, Mastercard, Visa, Apple: did they behave properly? • Can they be trusted as gatekeepers of a networked public/private sphere?
- 8. Anonymous and “infowar” • Is DDOS (distributed denial of service) a form of civil disobedience? • Or the internet equivalent of using poison gas?
- 9. After WikiLeaks: More open or less? • When everything is secret, is anything secret? When you’re open, can you be “WikiLeaked”? • “In the internet age, power shifts from those who hold secrets to those to create openness. That is our emerging reality.”
- 10. Assange, post full release of cables? hypocrite? • “Transparency should be proportional to the power that one has. The more power one has, the greater the dangers generated by that power, and the more need for transparency. Conversely, the weaker one is, the more danger there is in being transparent."