1. Nikola Tesla proposed a device in the early 1900s that could extract energy from the ambient medium (theorized to be a luminiferous aether) and use it to power electrical loads without consuming fuel.
2. Tesla's device would create a "cold sink" or region of low electrical potential to draw in energy from the higher potential ambient medium. The energy would be converted to potential energy with little work done, allowing it to power loads continuously without violating the second law of thermodynamics.
3. Tesla's proposed device may have been a bifilar coil capable of storing high voltage potential energy extracted from the medium, with little current drawn to power loads via displacement current.
- The document discusses replicating Gray tubes and summarizes experiments conducted by Nikola Tesla on alternating currents of high potential and high frequency.
- Later posts analyze the Gray circuit and conclude it works differently than previously thought, using resonance to power loads without electrolysis.
- Schematics are requested to clarify the proposal to drive resonant loads through amplitude modulation, using a carrier frequency much higher than the load's resonant frequency.
1) The paper describes a self-recharging perpetual paper battery that uses two different metals as electrodes in a capacitor connected to a transformer. The transformer's secondary coil is connected to a full wave rectifier whose output charges a super capacitor or rechargeable battery.
2) The battery uses the contact potential difference between the two dissimilar metal electrodes to extract energy. This extracted energy is replenished by vacuum energy, which is assumed to permeate all of space and time.
3) The battery functions by using the enthalpy difference between the two metals to extract energy from the super capacitor system. The vacuum energy then restores this extracted energy, allowing the battery to operate perpetually.
The document discusses corrections needed for a physics resource that uses mechanical analogies to explain electrical concepts.
Correction #1 notes that a water pump is not analogous to a battery, as a battery stores energy, whereas a water tower is a better analogy as it also stores potential energy.
Correction #2 states that equating water pipe resistance to electrical wire resistance is incorrect, as resistance affects flow in opposite ways in each case.
Correction #3 argues that using a mechanical analogy ignores time constants that are essential in electric circuits due to inductors. Attempting to reconcile mechanics with electromagnetism in this way leads students down an incorrect path.
a good overview of the LAW OF CONSERVATION OF ENERGY
for the 9th CBSE students and just rock with this presentation THX everyone who sees my presentation
The document summarizes the history of electricity, including key discoveries by Greek scientists, Ben Franklin, Alessandro Volta, Michael Faraday, Nikola Tesla, and Thomas Edison. It also covers concepts of electric charge, static electricity, electrical forces, grounding objects, and how lightning works by clouds building up an imbalance of electric charges with the ground.
Abstract—this paper involves the inclusion of the work-energy principle into Lenz's law of induction. This provides us with a completely new perspective with regards to electric generator performance, the role of work and energy and the source of the energy required to perform work in electric generators.
This process has important implications with regards to advancing our understanding of the subjects of electric generator performance, electricity and magnetism, the nature of electromagnetically induced magnetic fields, energy (specifically the conservation of energy), Newtonian mechanics, and the physical structure of the universe.
Sir Issac Newton formulated the subject of Newtonian Dynamics in terms of the 3 laws of motion. Lenz's law has been used by physicists since 1822 to explain how Newton's 3rd law is expressed in electricity generation and specifically with regards to electric generator performance. More recently Lenz's and Newton's 3rd law are employed colloquially in the explanation of electric vehicle regenerative braking – whereby an electric vehicle's kinetic energy is reduced when it is converted to electrical energy and stored in an electric vehicle's battery.
We can state Newton's 3rd law effectively, as follows: Law III: to every action there is always an equal and opposed reaction; a force (F) acting on a body of mass (M) will be accompanied somewhere by an equal and opposite reactive force (−F). [1] Newton's 2nd law states that the acceleration of an object is proportional to the force acting on it, and inversely proportional to its mass. This law can be used to help demonstrate the law of conservation of energy, which states that energy cannot be created or destroyed in an isolated system, that the total energy of an isolated system remains constant over time.
In an isolated system, neither matter nor energy transfer between a system and its surroundings are allowed. The current widely accepted understanding of our universe is that it is an isolated system, because it contains everything by definition, and thus there can be no exchange of energy with anything. If there could be, it would already be counted within the universe. [2] Within our known “isolated” universe and within all the laws of physics with which we use to describe it, the overriding principle states that, no creation of energy and no destruction of energy is allowed.
The work-energy principle's inclusion into Lenz's law of induction provides us with a very important contribution to the continued expansion of our understanding of the relationship between work and energy and the physical structure of our universe.
Thane C. Heins
President and CEO, Potential +/- Difference Inc.
Email 1: thaneh@potentialdifference.ca
Cell: 613.898.1131
"Nothing is too wonderful to be true"
~ Michael Faraday
"Physics isn't the most important thing. Love is."
~ Richard P. Feynman
Advancing the Fundamental Understanding of Electric Generator Performance, Electricity and Magnetism,
Newtonian Mechanics, Energy, and the Physical Nature of the Universe with the Inclusion of the Work-Energy Principle into
Lenz's Law of Induction
Thane C. Heins Chairman Co-Founder and CTO, Potential Difference Inc.
Abstract—this paper involves the inclusion of the work-energy principle into Lenz's law of induction. This provides us with a completely new perspective with regards to electric generator performance, the role of work and energy and the source of the energy required to perform work in electric generators.
This process has important implications with regards to advancing our understanding of the subjects of electric generator performance, electricity and magnetism, the nature of electromagnetically induced magnetic fields, energy (specifically the conservation of energy), Newtonian mechanics, and the physical structure of the universe.
Sir Issac Newton formulated the subject of Newtonian Dynamics in terms of the 3 laws of motion. Lenz's law has been used by physicists since 1822 to explain how Newton's 3rd law is expressed in electricity generation and specifically with regards to electric generator performance. More recently Lenz's and Newton's 3rd law are employed colloquially in the explanation of electric vehicle regenerative braking – whereby an electric vehicle's kinetic energy is reduced when it is converted to electrical energy and stored in an electric vehicle's battery.
We can state Newton's 3rd law effectively, as follows: Law III: to every action there is always an equal and opposed reaction; a force (F) acting on a body of mass (M) will be accompanied somewhere by an equal and opposite reactive force (−F). [1] Newton's 2nd law states that the acceleration of an object is proportional to the force acting on it, and inversely proportional to its mass. This law can be used to help demonstrate the law of conservation of energy, which states that energy cannot be created or destroyed in an isolated system, that the total energy of an isolated system remains constant over time.
In an isolated system, neither matter nor energy transfer between a system and its surroundings are allowed. The current widely accepted understanding of our universe is that it is an isolated system, because it contains everything by definition, and thus there can be no exchange of energy with anything. If there could be, it would already be counted within the universe. [2]
Within our known “isolated” universe and within all the laws of physics with which we use to describe it, the overriding principle states that, no creation of energy and no destruction of energy is allowed. The work-energy principle's inclusion into Lenz's law of induction provides us with a very important contribution to the continued expansion of our understanding of the relationship between work and energy and the physical structure of our universe.
This document discusses mechanical energy and its conservation. It introduces James Joule, a 19th century English physicist known for his research connecting electricity, thermodynamics, and the concept of energy. Mechanical energy is conserved in closed systems where purely mechanical forces act, but can be transformed between different forms, such as potential, kinetic, or other types like hydroelectric, wind, and tidal energy. Kinetic energy specifically refers to the energy an object possesses due to its motion, and is defined based on the work required to accelerate a mass from rest to its current speed.
- The document discusses replicating Gray tubes and summarizes experiments conducted by Nikola Tesla on alternating currents of high potential and high frequency.
- Later posts analyze the Gray circuit and conclude it works differently than previously thought, using resonance to power loads without electrolysis.
- Schematics are requested to clarify the proposal to drive resonant loads through amplitude modulation, using a carrier frequency much higher than the load's resonant frequency.
1) The paper describes a self-recharging perpetual paper battery that uses two different metals as electrodes in a capacitor connected to a transformer. The transformer's secondary coil is connected to a full wave rectifier whose output charges a super capacitor or rechargeable battery.
2) The battery uses the contact potential difference between the two dissimilar metal electrodes to extract energy. This extracted energy is replenished by vacuum energy, which is assumed to permeate all of space and time.
3) The battery functions by using the enthalpy difference between the two metals to extract energy from the super capacitor system. The vacuum energy then restores this extracted energy, allowing the battery to operate perpetually.
The document discusses corrections needed for a physics resource that uses mechanical analogies to explain electrical concepts.
Correction #1 notes that a water pump is not analogous to a battery, as a battery stores energy, whereas a water tower is a better analogy as it also stores potential energy.
Correction #2 states that equating water pipe resistance to electrical wire resistance is incorrect, as resistance affects flow in opposite ways in each case.
Correction #3 argues that using a mechanical analogy ignores time constants that are essential in electric circuits due to inductors. Attempting to reconcile mechanics with electromagnetism in this way leads students down an incorrect path.
a good overview of the LAW OF CONSERVATION OF ENERGY
for the 9th CBSE students and just rock with this presentation THX everyone who sees my presentation
The document summarizes the history of electricity, including key discoveries by Greek scientists, Ben Franklin, Alessandro Volta, Michael Faraday, Nikola Tesla, and Thomas Edison. It also covers concepts of electric charge, static electricity, electrical forces, grounding objects, and how lightning works by clouds building up an imbalance of electric charges with the ground.
Abstract—this paper involves the inclusion of the work-energy principle into Lenz's law of induction. This provides us with a completely new perspective with regards to electric generator performance, the role of work and energy and the source of the energy required to perform work in electric generators.
This process has important implications with regards to advancing our understanding of the subjects of electric generator performance, electricity and magnetism, the nature of electromagnetically induced magnetic fields, energy (specifically the conservation of energy), Newtonian mechanics, and the physical structure of the universe.
Sir Issac Newton formulated the subject of Newtonian Dynamics in terms of the 3 laws of motion. Lenz's law has been used by physicists since 1822 to explain how Newton's 3rd law is expressed in electricity generation and specifically with regards to electric generator performance. More recently Lenz's and Newton's 3rd law are employed colloquially in the explanation of electric vehicle regenerative braking – whereby an electric vehicle's kinetic energy is reduced when it is converted to electrical energy and stored in an electric vehicle's battery.
We can state Newton's 3rd law effectively, as follows: Law III: to every action there is always an equal and opposed reaction; a force (F) acting on a body of mass (M) will be accompanied somewhere by an equal and opposite reactive force (−F). [1] Newton's 2nd law states that the acceleration of an object is proportional to the force acting on it, and inversely proportional to its mass. This law can be used to help demonstrate the law of conservation of energy, which states that energy cannot be created or destroyed in an isolated system, that the total energy of an isolated system remains constant over time.
In an isolated system, neither matter nor energy transfer between a system and its surroundings are allowed. The current widely accepted understanding of our universe is that it is an isolated system, because it contains everything by definition, and thus there can be no exchange of energy with anything. If there could be, it would already be counted within the universe. [2] Within our known “isolated” universe and within all the laws of physics with which we use to describe it, the overriding principle states that, no creation of energy and no destruction of energy is allowed.
The work-energy principle's inclusion into Lenz's law of induction provides us with a very important contribution to the continued expansion of our understanding of the relationship between work and energy and the physical structure of our universe.
Thane C. Heins
President and CEO, Potential +/- Difference Inc.
Email 1: thaneh@potentialdifference.ca
Cell: 613.898.1131
"Nothing is too wonderful to be true"
~ Michael Faraday
"Physics isn't the most important thing. Love is."
~ Richard P. Feynman
Advancing the Fundamental Understanding of Electric Generator Performance, Electricity and Magnetism,
Newtonian Mechanics, Energy, and the Physical Nature of the Universe with the Inclusion of the Work-Energy Principle into
Lenz's Law of Induction
Thane C. Heins Chairman Co-Founder and CTO, Potential Difference Inc.
Abstract—this paper involves the inclusion of the work-energy principle into Lenz's law of induction. This provides us with a completely new perspective with regards to electric generator performance, the role of work and energy and the source of the energy required to perform work in electric generators.
This process has important implications with regards to advancing our understanding of the subjects of electric generator performance, electricity and magnetism, the nature of electromagnetically induced magnetic fields, energy (specifically the conservation of energy), Newtonian mechanics, and the physical structure of the universe.
Sir Issac Newton formulated the subject of Newtonian Dynamics in terms of the 3 laws of motion. Lenz's law has been used by physicists since 1822 to explain how Newton's 3rd law is expressed in electricity generation and specifically with regards to electric generator performance. More recently Lenz's and Newton's 3rd law are employed colloquially in the explanation of electric vehicle regenerative braking – whereby an electric vehicle's kinetic energy is reduced when it is converted to electrical energy and stored in an electric vehicle's battery.
We can state Newton's 3rd law effectively, as follows: Law III: to every action there is always an equal and opposed reaction; a force (F) acting on a body of mass (M) will be accompanied somewhere by an equal and opposite reactive force (−F). [1] Newton's 2nd law states that the acceleration of an object is proportional to the force acting on it, and inversely proportional to its mass. This law can be used to help demonstrate the law of conservation of energy, which states that energy cannot be created or destroyed in an isolated system, that the total energy of an isolated system remains constant over time.
In an isolated system, neither matter nor energy transfer between a system and its surroundings are allowed. The current widely accepted understanding of our universe is that it is an isolated system, because it contains everything by definition, and thus there can be no exchange of energy with anything. If there could be, it would already be counted within the universe. [2]
Within our known “isolated” universe and within all the laws of physics with which we use to describe it, the overriding principle states that, no creation of energy and no destruction of energy is allowed. The work-energy principle's inclusion into Lenz's law of induction provides us with a very important contribution to the continued expansion of our understanding of the relationship between work and energy and the physical structure of our universe.
This document discusses mechanical energy and its conservation. It introduces James Joule, a 19th century English physicist known for his research connecting electricity, thermodynamics, and the concept of energy. Mechanical energy is conserved in closed systems where purely mechanical forces act, but can be transformed between different forms, such as potential, kinetic, or other types like hydroelectric, wind, and tidal energy. Kinetic energy specifically refers to the energy an object possesses due to its motion, and is defined based on the work required to accelerate a mass from rest to its current speed.
New Earth Nation Brazil The New Earth Nikola Tesla Academy (Global Resonanc...Boris Petrovic
The Nikola Tesla Institute, founded in 2012 in Brasília, Brazil is a non-profit scientific organization with a goal of popularization of new energy research. The Institute houses a functioning, fully automated laboratory, built to carry on research in Tesla technologies, with the goal of development of new energy technologies, wireless energy transmission and research and development of human energy (bio-resonance) technologies. We bring together research and development in New Energy and Bio-Resonance technologies to be implemented in the New Earth Nation Resorts and Communities through the New Earth Institute.
THE NEW EARTH TESLA ACADEMY
The New Earth Tesla Academy is the global extension of the Nikola Tesla Institute in Brazil and the Tesla Science Foundation in USA providing a platform for the creation of a global resonance technologies center. Apart from involvement in new energy and wireless energy transmission technologies, one of the basic objectives of the Nikola Tesla Institute includes R&D in analysis and alteration of the HUMAN ENERGY FIELD. The proposed construction of the New Earth Tesla Academy facilities in the high plane region of Brazil, involves the creation of the New Earth BioResonance Resort in the area bordering the national park Chapada dos Veadeiros – a powerful planetary consciousness zone with strong nature elements making possible human energy work and increasing potential in development of consciousness technologies.
This fundamental scientific research of the Human Energy Field opens the way of international certification of various holistic treatment processes bringing together most of the innovative sensors dealing with human energy field (bio-field) analysis. Furthermore, concrete applications of bio-resonance in health and wellness of holistic communities’ development can spring up from the incubator. The proposed research and development objectives are to involve studies of Bio-Resonance processes in the fields of Consciousness, Agriculture and Energy Medicine. The New Earth Tesla Academy conducts courses with following curriculum: Nikola Tesla and Free Energy, Renewable Energy Cooperatives and Energy Independence, Consciousness Technologies and Applications of BioElectrography. The existing facilities of the Nikola Tesla Institute in Brasília are already available to offer education within the above-mentioned areas.
3 thermodynamics fall Energy 101 fall 2015Lonnie Gamble
1. The document discusses the laws of thermodynamics, including that energy cannot be created or destroyed according to the first law, but tends to disperse and lose usefulness according to the second law of increasing entropy. The third law states that at absolute zero, entropy approaches zero and all activity ceases.
2. Solar energy provides a high quality energy source to offset the increasing entropy of systems on Earth and allows for regeneration through photosynthesis. Meditation also offsets entropy effects in the mind and body.
3. A deep understanding of thermodynamics illustrates why perpetual motion is impossible and why energy must be continually replenished to maintain order in systems.
Preamble:
In 1820 the Law of Creation of Energy was originally discovered by Danish physicist Hans Christian Ørsted when he employed Electromagnetic Field Energy which was created around a stationary current bearing wire to perform Positive Work (a Kinetic Energy increase) on a compass needle.
In 1821 Michael Faraday also employed the Law of Creation of Energy when he used created Electromagnetic Field Energy in his electric motor prototype which also performed Positive Work (a Kinetic Energy increase of a current bearing wire) which rotated around a stationary magnet.
In 1834 the Law of Creation of Energy would later be applied to electric generator performance by Russian physicist Heinrich Friedrich Emil Lenz when he used created Electromagnetic Field Energy to perform Negative Work (a Kinetic Energy decrease) in an electric generator.
In 1842, Julius Robert Mayer German physician, chemist and physicist formulated the Law of Conservation of Energy for Newtonian Mechanics.
The Law of Conservation of Energy would then be applied to Electricity and Magnetism, specifically in electric generator performance explanations in order to allow electric generators to violate the Work-Energy Principle and perform Negative Work without energy.
This document contains definitions for various science terms from A to Z. Each term is defined in 1-3 sentences. Terms include astronaut, baking, chemical change, density, electrical-thermal, force, gas, hypothesis, idea models, jewelry, kelvin, lever, mass, neurosurgeon, precision, quark, radiation, series, unbalanced, velocity, weight, x-ray, yetterbrom, and chemist Ahmed Zewail.
Nikola Tesla Institute - Earth Resonance ProjectBoris Petrovic
Nikola Tesla experimented with wireless transmission of electricity and proposed a global wireless energy transmission system using resonant electromagnetic waves. He built a laboratory called Wardenclyffe Tower on Long Island in 1901 to test this system, but it was never completed. The documents describe Tesla's research into using resonant standing waves in the Earth-ionosphere cavity to transmit power wirelessly over long distances.
- Electricity was discovered near the Greek city of Magnesia in 600 BC. Benjamin Franklin later discovered electricity in the 18th century.
- One of the first electric machines invented was the light bulb, created by Thomas Edison in 1879. It used a filament to produce light and consisted of two vertical wires attached to the filament.
- The main parts of electric machines are generators, which produce electricity, motors, which use electricity to power mechanical devices, and transformers, which change the voltage of alternating current.
The 2nd Law of Thermodynamics states that entropy, a measure of the number of microscopic arrangements of a system, always increases over time. Entropy is often misunderstood but can be calculated and measured. It is directly related to the number of possible macrostates a system can have for a given microstate and represents the system's degrees of freedom. While reversibility is theoretically possible, natural processes are irreversible and always lead to an increase in entropy. Rudolf Clausius originated the concept of entropy and demonstrated that heat transfer between objects always results in an overall rise in entropy across systems.
There are many forms of energy, including mechanical, heat, electrical, chemical, and nuclear energy. Mechanical energy comes in two types - kinetic energy, which is the energy from an object's motion, and potential energy, which is stored energy from an object's position or configuration. Potential energy includes gravitational potential energy from an object's height and elastic potential energy stored in compressed or stretched springs. Other forms of energy discussed include chemical energy from fuels, nuclear energy from atomic reactions, and various natural forms like solar, wind, tidal, and geothermal energies harnessed from the environment.
Electromagnetic energy of vacuum and its conversion by energy efficient hydro...Alexander Decker
This document discusses how hydroxy gas generators utilize zero-point energy from the quantum vacuum to efficiently dissociate water into hydrogen and oxygen gases. [1] It explains that the small amount of input power used cannot directly supply the energy needed for dissociation. [2] Instead, the electric fields generated extract energy from the zero-point fluctuations inside the void spaces of water molecules. [3] By reducing the frequency of photons in the vacuum, energy is released that can perform useful work in dissociating the water.
11.electromagnetic energy of vacuum and its conversion by energy efficient hy...Alexander Decker
1) Hydroxy gas generators produce a mixture of hydrogen and oxygen gases using a process that applies an electric field to separate water molecules into their components with very low power consumption.
2) This is possible because the electric field extracts energy from the zero-point electromagnetic fluctuations that exist within the vacuum inside the empty spaces of atoms.
3) Quantum mechanics predicts that even in a perfect vacuum, electromagnetic waves will fluctuate due to the Heisenberg uncertainty principle. This zero-point energy can be tapped by electric fields to drive chemical reactions like the dissociation of water.
This presentation gives the history of electricity, basic concepts, theories, and laws. It is a great overview of electric metering for any novice in the industry!
Ideas about the structure of the atom have changed over the years. The Bohr theory thought of it as a small nucleus of protons and neutrons surrounded by circulating electrons.
Each shell or energy level could hold a maximum number of electrons.
The energy of levels became greater as they got further from the nucleus and electrons filled energy levels in order.
This document discusses the discovery of artificial radioactivity by Curie and Joliot in 1934. When boron and aluminum were bombarded with alpha particles, the target nuclei continued emitting radiation even after the alpha source was removed. Through experiments, they determined the radiation consisted of positrons, positively charged particles with mass equal to electrons. Curie and Joliot explained that bombarding the elements created unstable nuclei that spontaneously disintegrated. For boron, this produced radioactive nitrogen that decayed to stable carbon with a half-life of 10.1 minutes by emitting a positron. For aluminum, it produced radioactive phosphorus with a half-life of about 3 minutes that decayed to stable phosphorus. This demonstrated the
Secret cipher of the uf onauts by allen h. greenfieldPublicLeaks
This document discusses a secret English-based cipher used by a group known as the UFOnauts to communicate covertly. It provides background on the cipher, tracing it from ancient Qabalistic systems to its modern formulation by Aleister Crowley. Key figures who have studied and advanced understanding of the cipher are profiled, suggesting they comprise an informal worldwide organization of illuminated individuals with knowledge of UFO phenomena. The premise is laid out that decoding the cipher could help analyze UFO cases, predict manifestations, and trace the UFOnauts, though the cipher likely changes when widely known.
Dhs rfc on cybersecurity scholarships dhs 15-0302PublicLeaks
This document provides information about a new collection by the Department of Homeland Security's Cybersecurity Education & Awareness Office regarding cybersecurity scholarships, internships, camps, clubs, and competitions. It will collect information through a web form and display non-contact information on the National Initiative for Cybersecurity Careers and Studies Portal. There is no assurance of confidentiality and respondents have 30 days to comment on the collection's purpose, accuracy, and means to minimize burden.
Un who file reveals dual purpose of vatican eugenics vaccines presscore-caPublicLeaks
The document discusses how a UN WHO file reveals that vaccines have a dual purpose of eugenics and profit generation. It claims the Vatican created the UN and WHO to continue Nazi eugenics programs and disseminate viruses to create fear and increase vaccination rates. The goal is to vaccinate every person to generate $100 billion in profits for the Vatican, even though vaccines are allegedly used to sterilize and harm people rather than prevent disease. It also discusses how refined sugar causes cancer and how "smart meters" are being used by energy companies to remotely control home appliances and increase electricity usage and costs for profit.
The fantastic inventions of nikola tesla by david h. childressPublicLeaks
This document is the transcript of a lecture given by Nikola Tesla where he discusses his experiments with alternating currents of high potential and high frequency. Tesla acknowledges his debt to scientists like William Crookes for inspiring his work in this field. He then goes on to present results from his novel line of research using high frequency alternating currents to a gathering of scientists, engineers, and electricians.
Tower model for global energy transmissionPublicLeaks
The document discusses the challenges of summarizing long-form articles and documents into concise summaries. Specifically, it notes that automatic summarization systems still struggle with accurately identifying the most salient points and representing them cohesively in a reduced form while maintaining the overall meaning. Developing summarization techniques that can effectively analyze and synthesize complex information remains an area of ongoing research and improvement for artificial intelligence.
Theory of wireless power by eric dollardPublicLeaks
The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. Regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive function. Exercise causes chemical changes in the brain that may help protect against mental illness and improve symptoms.
Massachusetts u.s. attorney’s office framework for countering violent extremismPublicLeaks
The document presents a framework for countering violent extremism developed by a collaborative in the Greater Boston region. It identifies seven problem areas, including young people feeling isolated and alienated, making them vulnerable to recruitment. For this problem, the framework suggests goals like reducing isolation and improving access to services. Sample solutions include skills development programs through schools and community organizations, as well as awareness/education initiatives like training for parents and organizations on supporting youth. The framework is intended to increase capacity to protect individuals from extremism through prevention and intervention approaches.
Pay any price, james risen, af cia gullibility chapter 2PublicLeaks
The document appears to be a legal case filing that was entered on the docket of the Florida Southern District Court. It contains numerous pages of text related to the case details, but without more context from the full legal document it is difficult to determine the specific nature and high-level details of the case.
An inexpensive aqueous flow battery for large scale electrical energy storage...PublicLeaks
This document describes an organic redox flow battery (ORBAT) that uses water-soluble organic redox couples instead of heavy metals like vanadium. It uses 1,2-benzoquinone-3,5-disulfonic acid (BQDS) at the positive electrode and anthraquinone-2-sulfonic acid (AQS) at the negative electrode. Quinone-based redox couples are attractive because they undergo fast proton-coupled electron transfer without needing precious metal catalysts. Additionally, in acid media the quinones exhibit good chemical stability, which can enable long cycle life. Factors like solubility, mass transport properties, and charge transfer kinetics of the organic redox couples
New Earth Nation Brazil The New Earth Nikola Tesla Academy (Global Resonanc...Boris Petrovic
The Nikola Tesla Institute, founded in 2012 in Brasília, Brazil is a non-profit scientific organization with a goal of popularization of new energy research. The Institute houses a functioning, fully automated laboratory, built to carry on research in Tesla technologies, with the goal of development of new energy technologies, wireless energy transmission and research and development of human energy (bio-resonance) technologies. We bring together research and development in New Energy and Bio-Resonance technologies to be implemented in the New Earth Nation Resorts and Communities through the New Earth Institute.
THE NEW EARTH TESLA ACADEMY
The New Earth Tesla Academy is the global extension of the Nikola Tesla Institute in Brazil and the Tesla Science Foundation in USA providing a platform for the creation of a global resonance technologies center. Apart from involvement in new energy and wireless energy transmission technologies, one of the basic objectives of the Nikola Tesla Institute includes R&D in analysis and alteration of the HUMAN ENERGY FIELD. The proposed construction of the New Earth Tesla Academy facilities in the high plane region of Brazil, involves the creation of the New Earth BioResonance Resort in the area bordering the national park Chapada dos Veadeiros – a powerful planetary consciousness zone with strong nature elements making possible human energy work and increasing potential in development of consciousness technologies.
This fundamental scientific research of the Human Energy Field opens the way of international certification of various holistic treatment processes bringing together most of the innovative sensors dealing with human energy field (bio-field) analysis. Furthermore, concrete applications of bio-resonance in health and wellness of holistic communities’ development can spring up from the incubator. The proposed research and development objectives are to involve studies of Bio-Resonance processes in the fields of Consciousness, Agriculture and Energy Medicine. The New Earth Tesla Academy conducts courses with following curriculum: Nikola Tesla and Free Energy, Renewable Energy Cooperatives and Energy Independence, Consciousness Technologies and Applications of BioElectrography. The existing facilities of the Nikola Tesla Institute in Brasília are already available to offer education within the above-mentioned areas.
3 thermodynamics fall Energy 101 fall 2015Lonnie Gamble
1. The document discusses the laws of thermodynamics, including that energy cannot be created or destroyed according to the first law, but tends to disperse and lose usefulness according to the second law of increasing entropy. The third law states that at absolute zero, entropy approaches zero and all activity ceases.
2. Solar energy provides a high quality energy source to offset the increasing entropy of systems on Earth and allows for regeneration through photosynthesis. Meditation also offsets entropy effects in the mind and body.
3. A deep understanding of thermodynamics illustrates why perpetual motion is impossible and why energy must be continually replenished to maintain order in systems.
Preamble:
In 1820 the Law of Creation of Energy was originally discovered by Danish physicist Hans Christian Ørsted when he employed Electromagnetic Field Energy which was created around a stationary current bearing wire to perform Positive Work (a Kinetic Energy increase) on a compass needle.
In 1821 Michael Faraday also employed the Law of Creation of Energy when he used created Electromagnetic Field Energy in his electric motor prototype which also performed Positive Work (a Kinetic Energy increase of a current bearing wire) which rotated around a stationary magnet.
In 1834 the Law of Creation of Energy would later be applied to electric generator performance by Russian physicist Heinrich Friedrich Emil Lenz when he used created Electromagnetic Field Energy to perform Negative Work (a Kinetic Energy decrease) in an electric generator.
In 1842, Julius Robert Mayer German physician, chemist and physicist formulated the Law of Conservation of Energy for Newtonian Mechanics.
The Law of Conservation of Energy would then be applied to Electricity and Magnetism, specifically in electric generator performance explanations in order to allow electric generators to violate the Work-Energy Principle and perform Negative Work without energy.
This document contains definitions for various science terms from A to Z. Each term is defined in 1-3 sentences. Terms include astronaut, baking, chemical change, density, electrical-thermal, force, gas, hypothesis, idea models, jewelry, kelvin, lever, mass, neurosurgeon, precision, quark, radiation, series, unbalanced, velocity, weight, x-ray, yetterbrom, and chemist Ahmed Zewail.
Nikola Tesla Institute - Earth Resonance ProjectBoris Petrovic
Nikola Tesla experimented with wireless transmission of electricity and proposed a global wireless energy transmission system using resonant electromagnetic waves. He built a laboratory called Wardenclyffe Tower on Long Island in 1901 to test this system, but it was never completed. The documents describe Tesla's research into using resonant standing waves in the Earth-ionosphere cavity to transmit power wirelessly over long distances.
- Electricity was discovered near the Greek city of Magnesia in 600 BC. Benjamin Franklin later discovered electricity in the 18th century.
- One of the first electric machines invented was the light bulb, created by Thomas Edison in 1879. It used a filament to produce light and consisted of two vertical wires attached to the filament.
- The main parts of electric machines are generators, which produce electricity, motors, which use electricity to power mechanical devices, and transformers, which change the voltage of alternating current.
The 2nd Law of Thermodynamics states that entropy, a measure of the number of microscopic arrangements of a system, always increases over time. Entropy is often misunderstood but can be calculated and measured. It is directly related to the number of possible macrostates a system can have for a given microstate and represents the system's degrees of freedom. While reversibility is theoretically possible, natural processes are irreversible and always lead to an increase in entropy. Rudolf Clausius originated the concept of entropy and demonstrated that heat transfer between objects always results in an overall rise in entropy across systems.
There are many forms of energy, including mechanical, heat, electrical, chemical, and nuclear energy. Mechanical energy comes in two types - kinetic energy, which is the energy from an object's motion, and potential energy, which is stored energy from an object's position or configuration. Potential energy includes gravitational potential energy from an object's height and elastic potential energy stored in compressed or stretched springs. Other forms of energy discussed include chemical energy from fuels, nuclear energy from atomic reactions, and various natural forms like solar, wind, tidal, and geothermal energies harnessed from the environment.
Electromagnetic energy of vacuum and its conversion by energy efficient hydro...Alexander Decker
This document discusses how hydroxy gas generators utilize zero-point energy from the quantum vacuum to efficiently dissociate water into hydrogen and oxygen gases. [1] It explains that the small amount of input power used cannot directly supply the energy needed for dissociation. [2] Instead, the electric fields generated extract energy from the zero-point fluctuations inside the void spaces of water molecules. [3] By reducing the frequency of photons in the vacuum, energy is released that can perform useful work in dissociating the water.
11.electromagnetic energy of vacuum and its conversion by energy efficient hy...Alexander Decker
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The second law thermodynamics and tesla's fuelless generator
1. 1. Ambient Medium Energy
The Second Law Thermodynamics and Tesla's Fuelless Generator
Oliver Nichelson
During an address commemorating the installation of his electrical generators at Niagara
Falls , Nikola Tesla told his listeners:
We have to evolve means for obtaining energy from stores which are forever
inexhaustible, to perfect methods which do not imply consumption and waste of any
material whatever. I now feel sure that the realization of that idea is not far off. ...the
possibilities of the development I refer to, namely, that of the operation of engines on
any point of the earth by the energy of the medium...(Tesla, 1897)
In 1902, Tesla wrote to his friend and publisher Robert Underwood Johnson that he had
already developed a device for using the energy of the surrounding medium to generate elec-
tricity (Nichelson, 1993). In the letter he stated that the design principles for this new type of
generator were discussed in his June 1900 Century Magazine article (Tesla, 1902) on page 200,
"particularly where I refer to novel facts."
An Energy Sink
His reference is to the article "The Problem of Increasing Human Energy - Through the Use
of the Sun's Energy" (Tesla, 1900). The "novel facts" are mentioned in a section entitled "Ener-
gy from the Medium." It is in this and in the following section where the theoretical and
developmental discussions of this new generator take place. Tesla uses two versions of simple
graphic image to explain how such an energy extracting generator would work.
In the first example he asks that we consider a closed cylinder
such that energy could not be transferred across it except
through a channel or path O... and ... that, by some means
or other, in this inclosure a medium were maintained which
would have little energy, and that on the outer side of the
same there would be the ordinary ambient medium with
much energy.
Tesla continues:
Under these assumptions the energy would flow through the
path O, as indicated by the arrow, and might then be con-
verted on its passage into some other form of energy. Could
we produce artificially such a "sink" for the energy of the
ambient medium to flow in [and]... be enabled to get at any
point of the globe a continuous supply of energy, day and
night (Tesla,1900).
onichelson@post.harvard.edu
2. In the next paragraph Tesla gives another version of how this energy extraction process would
take place. He asks if we can produce cold in a given portion of space and cause the heat to flow
in continually. Creating such a "cold hole" in the medium would be like creating in a lake either
an empty space or a space filled with something much lighter than water.
This we could do by placing in the lake a tank, and pumping all the water out of the latter.
We know, then, that the water if allowed to flow back into the tank, would, theoretically,
be able to perform exactly the same amount of work which was used in pumping it out, but
not a bit more. (Tesla, 1900)
He notes that in such an operation, nothing would be gained by pumping the water out and
letting it fall back down the tank. It would be impossible, in this case, to create a sink in the
medium.
Tesla, then, asks that we "reflect a moment" and adds:
Heat, though following certain general laws of mechanics, like a fluid, is not such; it is energy
which may be converted into other forms of energy as it passes from a high to low
level...assume that the water, in its passage into the tank, is converted into something else,
which may be taken out of it without using any, or very little, power. For example, if heat [is
represented] by the water of the lake, the oxygen and hydrogen composing the water may illus-
trate other forms of energy into which the heat is transformed in passing from hot to cold.
Corresponding to this ideal case, all the water flowing into the tank would be decomposed into
oxygen and hydrogen before reaching the bottom (Tesla, 1900), and the result would be that water
would continually flow in, and yet the tank would remain entirely empty, the gases formed
escaping. We would thus produce, by expending initially a certain amount of work to create a sink
for the heat or, respectively, the water to flow into, a condition enabling us to get any amount of
energy without further effort.
Second Law of Thermodynamics
Understanding the operation of Tesla's new generator is a two part task - picturing it as he did
in terms of 19th century science and explaining it in terms of today's science. Fortunately, he
framed his explanation within the context of the Second Law of Thermodynamics as it was being
formulated by the leading physical theorists of the day.
Rudolph Clausius put it, in 1850: "It is impossible for a self-acting machine unaided by an
external agency to convert heat from one body to another at higher temperature." As given by
Kelvin, "It is impossible by means of inanimate material agency to derive mechanical effect from
any portion of matter by cooling it below the temperature of surrounding objects." If a machine
was able, by itself, to take heat energy out of the surrounding environment and use that energy to
run its cooling work, it would be a perpetual motion machine. Cooling the surrounding medium
requires energy from an external source.
onichelson@post.harvard.edu
3. In his Century Magazine article, Tesla takes up the thermodynamics question in a section
entitled "Possibility of a Self-Acting Engine...Inanimate, yet Capable of Deriving Energy from the
Medium." He challenges the assertion about the impossibility of a cooling machine's ability to
operate from the heat derived from the medium with a simple thought experiment.
If two metal rods ran from the earth to outer space, the temperature difference between the
ends of the rods would create an electric current in the rods which could operate an electric motor.
This would be a device that would cool the medium and do work from the heat of the medium.
With this example, Tesla does not refute the Second Law of Thermodynamics but shows the
limits of its popular understanding. He does not deny the most basic tenant that energy flows from
hot to cold, from a high energy state to a lower state. What he asserts is that good engineering can
cause work to be done in the change from a higher to lower energy state without creating a
perpetual motion machine.
Ambient Medium
How an energy sink can be created on earth requires two additional pieces of information
presupposed by Tesla's thermodynamics discussion - the nature of the fluid that makes up the
ambient medium and what constitutes a low temperature in this medium.
To understand the concept of the energy of the ambient medium, it is necessary to return to
the historical roots of electrical science. From the time of Franklin until the beginning of this
century, electricity was pictured as a fluid that flowed through conductors and, like steam that
powered the engines of the day, could be condensed out the medium. The capacitors of today
were once known as condensers due to this concept.
Before the last paradigm shift at which the universe came to be viewed as atomic particles
moving randomly in a void, physics believed all matter was made from a primary substance. It
was this primary material, the aether (Dunlap, 1934) of Maxwell and Kelvin, that filled the
ambient medium.
As for temperature, Tesla wrote (Tesla, Feb. 1919) that "in light of present knowledge we may
liken electric potential to temperature." Creating a low temperature region in the high energy
ambient medium meant creating a sustained low electrical potential. Relative to the medium, the
device creating this low pressure region could be seen as a self-cooling apparatus.
In principle, the electrical fluid would enter the device, transform into a lower form of energy
and perform work as the fluid continued to flow into the device. The nature of this transformation
is conjecture at this point, but it seems that the electrical fluid was seen to be transformed into
positive and negative potential.
onichelson@post.harvard.edu
4. 2. Electric Transmission Thru Two Wires
and Hydraulic Analog
Thermodynamic Work
In accordance with the Second Law of Thermodynamics, Tesla's device would make use of
energy moving from a higher temperature to a lower temperature, but would be self-sustaining,
or self-cooling by converting the energy coming from the environment into a different form in a
process that consumed only a small amount of the incoming energy.
This last element in the operation of the device - that it consume very little of the working
energy - is mentioned (Tesla, Feb. 1919) in connection with his wireless receiver. He wrote that
"energy will be economically transmitted and very little power consumed as long as no work is
done in the receiver." Here "work" is meant in the technical sense - power expended over time.
The Tesla device for extracting energy from the ambient medium, then, operated by
transforming the input energy into potential and doing no or little work in the device itself.
Electrical energy, the units of work, is measured in watt-secs or amperes x volts x secs. Volts and
amperes are the quantities of the electrical fluid and because potential is enhanced, the conclusion
is that work, or energy, is conserved by reducing conduction current in the device. The new
generator appears to have operated by potential variations and with no or very little current. It
seems to have been an electrostatic device.
Because the receiver in the Tesla wireless system and new energy generator share the
characteristic of using no, "or very little, power," it is useful to examine how the receiver was
pictured to have operated. In 1919, Tesla detailed his wireless method in the Electrical
Experimenter, using hydraulic analogies.
A conventional electrical transmission system
requiring two wires is equated to a hydraulic
system with a reciprocating piston, Fig. 2. The
working fluid is pushed and pulled "with high
velocity thru the small channel" so "that virtually
all the energy of movement would be transformed
into heat by friction, similarly to that of the elec-
tric current in the lamp filament."
On the other hand, the wireless method is like
the one-wire transmission system Tesla demon-
strated several times, Fig. 3. A reciprocating
cylinder pushes the working fluid through the
friction device and into a large elastic reservoir. When the piston has reached the end of its stroke,
the elastic reservoir is filled with the working fluid and sends it back through the friction device...
the fluid is made to surge thru the restricted passage with great speed, this resulting in the
generation of heat as in the incandescent lamp. Theoretically considered, the efficiency of
conversion of energy should be the same in both cases.
onichelson@post.harvard.edu
5. 3. Electric Transmission Thru a Single Wire
Hydraulic Analog
4. Linde device 5. Coil for Electro-Magnets
Tesla seems to be saying that for a light bulb of a given wattage, it can be powered either by
a commercial power source of a certain voltage and amperage, or by a single wire of much smaller
amperage but much greater voltage. For example, a 100 watt light bulb could be powered by 100
volts and 1 ampere or by 1000 volts and .1 ampere.
For an electrical device to do no work, this
arrangement has to be taken another step. Work
consists of a force moving something over a period
of time. In the case of electricity this is a voltage
pushing a charge carrier through a cross sectional
area of a conductor. The number of coulombs of
charge passing a certain point in a conductor in a
second constitutes a current, q/s = i. Doing no
electricalworkmeansthenumberofchargecarriers
passing a point in the conductor has to approach
zero.
Displacement Current
The condition in which an alternating current can be maintained with no translational
movement of charge carriers is found in a capacitor. A displacement current consists of the back
and forth movement of bound charges within the lattice structure of a non-conducting dielectric
material.
No work would be done if the device operated with a displacement current. If a large voltage
displaced a small amount of bound charge, the power requirements of a load, like a light bulb,
would be met with no conduction current, therefore, with no expenditure of energy.
Tesla'sthermodynamicargumentwiththerods-reaching-into-spacethoughtexperimentisthat
energy differences in the environment can be used to power a device that extracts that energy
without being a perpetual motion machine. With his new energy extraction device, his argument
is that energy can be taken from the environment, and, if converted to pure potential, can power
a load while doing no work within the device. In the first example the long rods will allow a
motor to operate until the earth has the same temperature as outer space. In the second instance,
he describes a device that incorporates an energy difference within itself and expends no, or very
little of that energy in powering a load.
Though the second device may appear out-
wardly to be a perpetual motion machine, it
does, as he shows, follow the Second Law of
Thermodynamics.
Tesla's comparison (Tesla, 1900) of his
self-cooling energy extractor with Carl
Linde's double coiled apparatus for liquefy-
ing air, Figure 4, points to his double wound
coil (Tesla, 1894) design, Fig. 5, as one
onichelson@post.harvard.edu
6. 6. Voltage Gains
likely embodiment (Nichelson, 1991) of his energy extraction device.
Measurements (Nichelson, 1991) of the same size single and double wound coils, both with
approximately the same inductance have shown that, at resonance, both the voltage response and
voltage gain to be several orders of magnitude greater for the double wound design . Figure 6
shows the voltage gain of two 4 inch diameter helix wound coils with the same number of turns.
The lower curve is that of the single wound coil and the upper curve is that of the double wound
coil.
Assuming this bifilar coil is related to Tesla's
design for a new energy device, it can be theorized
that it would be driven at a voltage as great as
could be tolerated by the wire's insulation and that
the amount of stored charge would be at least as
great as required by the load at the operating
voltage and frequency. To take a purely hypothet-
ical example, if the load is a 100 watt light bulb
and the potential in the coil is 5000 volts and the
coil is oscillating at a frequency of 1000 Hz, then
in a period of a quarter cycle a charge of 5 x 10-6
coulombs would have to be displaced.
This would give a system capacitance of
Like the equations of Maxwell and the AC motor of Tesla, both conceived within the context
of 19th century aether based physics and are still used after the physics has been discarded, the
new energy device does not require belief in an energetic ambient medium. The concept served
only to explain the source of electricity to earlier researchers who naively sought an answer to this
fundamental question. Modern engineering practice does not require a primary source of
electricity be given, but only a description of how it operates or makes a device operate.
Tesla's new "generator" can be explained solely on the basis of its electrical activity. A bifilar
coil is capable of holding more charge than a single wound coil. When operated at resonance, the
distributed capacitance of the bifilar coil is able to overcome the counter force normal to coils,
inductive reactance. It does not allow what Tesla described (Tesla, 1894) as the formation of "false
currents."
Because the electrical activity in the coil does not work against itself in the form of a counter-
emf, the potential across the coil quickly builds to a high value. The difference between the turns
onichelson@post.harvard.edu
7. becomes great enough that (Tesla, 1892) "the energy would be practically all potential." At this
point, the system becomes an electrostatic oscillator.
Minimal work is done in the system due to absence of translational movement in the displace-
ment current. As small heat losses occur, oscillations are maintained by the surplus charge stored
in the coil. Very low energy expenditure allows power delivery to a load over an extended time
period without an external fuel supply. After an initial input of energy from an outside source,
Tesla's new electrical generator would operate as a fuelless device.
References
Dunalp, Orrin E., Jr., "Tesla Sees Evidence That Radio and Light Are Sound," N.Y. Times, X, p.
9, April 8, 1934.
Linde, Carl, "Process and Apparatus for Attaining Lowest Temperatures, for Liquefying Gases,
and for Mechanically Separating Gas Mixtures," The Engineer, p. 509, Nov. 20, 1896.
Nichelson, Oliver, "Nikola Tesla's Later Energy Designs," IECEC, 26th Proceedings, Am.
Nuclear Society, Vol. 4, pp. 439-444, 1991.
Nichelson, Oliver, "Nikola Tesla's <Free Energy' Documents," American Fork, Utah, 1993.
Tesla, Nikola, "Experiments with Alternate Currents of High Potential and High Frequency," IEE,
London, Feb. 1892, reproduced in Nikola Tesla: Lectures * Patents * Articles (hereafter, LPA), pu-
blished by the Nikola Tesla Museum, Nolit, Beograd, 1956, p. L-105.
Tesla, Nikola, "Coil for Electro-Magnets," U.S. Patent #512,340, Jan. 9, 1894.
Tesla,Nikola, "On Electricity," Electrical Review, Jan 27, 1897, in LPA, p. A-107.
Tesla, Nikola, Letter to R.U. Johnson, 1902, in the Nikola Tesla Collection, Rare Book and
Manuscript Library, Columbia University, New York City. Page 200 of the magazine corresponds
to pages A-138 and 139 in LPA.
Tesla, Nikola, "The Problem of Increasing Human Energy, Century Magazine, June 1900, in LPA,
pp. A-109 to A-152.
Tesla, Nikola, "Famous Scientific Illusions," Electrical Experimenter, Gernsback Publications,
Feb. 1919, pp. 692-694 ff.
Tesla, Nikola, "The True Wireless," Electrical Experimenter, Gernsback Publications, May 1919,
pp. 28-30 ff.
onichelson@post.harvard.edu