The role of weather models in mitigation of tropspheric delay for SAR Interferometry.ppt
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1) Numerical weather models (NWM) can help mitigate tropospheric delay in SAR interferometry in mountainous regions by predicting up to 50% of the topography-dependent delay. 2) However, NWM perform poorly in flat regions, underestimating the spatio-temporal variation of water vapor and providing little delay reduction. 3) For reliable operational use in delay mitigation, NWM would need to be improved to better model the small-scale lateral variation of water vapor.
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3. Interferometric SAR processing showed potential for quantitative height change detection between images, but phase unwrapping issues remain and coherence analysis had difficulty distinguishing damaged areas. Fusion with optical data is proposed for future work.
PS-INSAR-SHANGHAI METRO-2.ppt
The document summarizes a study that used PS-InSAR analysis of COSMO-SkyMed SAR images to monitor subway tunnel construction in Shanghai between 2008-2010. Over 1.5 million persistent scatterers were identified across 600 sqkm, allowing precise tracking and localization of new subway lines. Analysis of surface deformation revealed subsidence profiles matching the dimensions of tunnels. This technique provides an effective global monitoring method for subway construction projects.
PERSISTENT SCATTERER SAR INTERFEROMETRY APPLICATION.pptx
This document discusses the application of persistent scatterer interferometry (PSI) to study landslides in the Berkeley Hills. PSI uses phase information from SAR images taken at different times to measure surface deformation with millimeter accuracy. It was applied using Envisat, ERS, Radarsat, and TerraSAR-X data. Thousands of persistent scatterers were identified, allowing measurement of surface motion along the Hayward Fault and within landslides. Future work will continue monitoring with additional SAR data to better resolve three-dimensional landslide motions.
Subsidence
Subsidence is one of the major environmental issues related to underground mining industry. This presentation gives an insight to causes, nature, effect of subsidence and some mitigation measures.
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PERSISTENT SCATTERER SAR INTERFEROMETRY APPLICATION.pptx
PERSISTENT SCATTERER SAR INTERFEROMETRY APPLICATION.pptx
Similar to The role of weather models in mitigation of tropspheric delay for SAR Interferometry.ppt
Pierdicca-Igarss2011_july2011.ppt
The document discusses a project called METAWAVE that aimed to use SAR interferometry measurements of atmospheric phase screens (APS) derived from persistent scatterers (PS) to map water vapor fields at high spatial resolution and assimilate this data into numerical weather prediction (NWP) models. Key findings included: (1) Assimilating APS-derived water vapor maps into NWP models like MM5 and WRF led to some improvement in forecasts; (2) Triple collocation analysis found MERIS water vapor estimates had smaller errors than GPS, while MM5 underestimated water vapor amounts.
1 IGARSS 2011 JPSS Monday Goldberg.pptx
JPSS will continue critical environmental monitoring from polar orbiting satellites by maintaining observations from sensors like CrIS, ATMS, VIIRS, OMPS, and CERES. The NPP satellite will fly the first set of these instruments in order to ensure continuity of data until JPSS-1 is launched. JPSS will provide global observations for weather forecasting and climate monitoring through environmental data records from multiple instruments measuring atmospheric, oceanic, and land surface variables. Continuity of long term data sets is essential for detecting climate change and improving weather prediction.
TU4.T10.4.pptx
SAR observations show various marine atmospheric boundary layer phenomena including atmospheric gravity waves, vortex streets, and katabatic winds. WRF model simulations capture the key features of these phenomena as observed by SAR, including wave patterns, vortex shedding, and finger-like katabatic wind descents. The synergy of high-resolution SAR observations and WRF model simulations provides insight into the generation and evolution of important atmospheric conditions over the ocean surface.
#5
1) Satellites provide a new tool for monitoring extreme rainfall events globally, including over oceans where gauges are sparse.
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3) Satellites allow identifying regions experiencing the most extreme rainfall over timescales from days to years, such as Vietnam, Northeast India, and Colombia's Pacific coast.
TH3.L10.1: THE NASA SOIL MOISTURE ACTIVE PASSIVE (SMAP) MISSION: OVERVIEW
The document provides an overview of the NASA Soil Moisture Active Passive (SMAP) mission, which is scheduled to launch in November 2014. SMAP's objectives are to map global soil moisture and freeze/thaw state to further understanding of water, energy and carbon cycles. It will carry radiometer and radar instruments to make high-resolution soil moisture measurements. SMAP data products will support applications in weather forecasting, climate modeling, agriculture, drought monitoring and other areas. The mission involves extensive calibration, validation and community engagement efforts.
TU2.T10.2.ppt
The document discusses how ocean surface features can impact wind retrieval from synthetic aperture radar (SAR) data. SAR wind retrieval relies on geophysical model functions (GMFs) that relate normalized radar cross-section (NRCS) to wind speed, but factors like sea surface temperature (SST) patterns, sea ice, ships and platforms, and internal waves can influence NRCS and introduce errors. The authors evaluate methods to account for SST effects, finding their proposed NRCS-SST correction model can reduce wind speed root mean square error to less than 2 m/s when validated against buoy data. In general, calibrating SAR data, developing multi-polarization GMFs, and implementing preprocessing to compensate for environmental
TU2.L10 - NEXT-GENERATION GLOBAL PRECIPITATION PRODUCTS AND THEIR APPLICATIONS
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WARRP Seismology: Better Imaging Under Earth
This document describes the Wide Aperture Reflection and Refraction Profiling (WARRP) seismic method. WARRP utilizes both refracted and wide-angle reflected seismic waves to develop a detailed velocity-depth model with precisely defined velocities and interface geometries. It allows the construction of very long seismic arrays on land or offshore using autonomous recording units. This provides high-resolution travel time data and penetration to greater depths than conventional methods. The document outlines the WARRP data acquisition, processing, velocity modeling, dynamic modeling, and migration techniques to obtain accurate subsurface images.
Spatial-temporal Characterization of Hurricane Path using GNSS-derived Precip...
Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) precise point positioning (PPP) technique is capable of monitoring Precipitable Water Vapor (PWV) in high accuracy with low cost. As PWV is related to the initiation and development of a severe weather convective system, this study analyzed the characteristics of PWV variations over time and space to monitor and predict the path and the intensity of a severe rainfall during a hurricane. The PWV measurements are obtained by processing ground based GNSS data. The spatial and temporal variation of PWV and other meteorological variables are characterized for the time frames of before, during, and after the severe precipitation. The correlation effect between meteorological variables were mitigated by adapting a principle component analysis (PCA) and multivariate regression analysis. The method allows determining the expected movement of the rainfall up to 24 hours in advance. The proposed method was validated by analyzing the distribution pattern of the predicted PWV residual, its magnitude, and the actual observed PWV in the region. As a case study, we adopted one of the destructive and long-lived hurricane along the Florida, Georgia, North Carolina and South Carolina coast, namely, Hurricane Matthew, occurred in October 2016. From the experiment, we identified the areas closely fitting the prediction model by computing the residuals between the GNSS derived PWV measurements at each station in the test site. The residual of the predicted model is used for determining the track of extreme hurricane precipitation and potentially applied to evaluate its intensity. This study proved the effectiveness of the statistical model for forecasting the hurricane rainfall path that is potentially applied to a hazard early warning system.
igarss_2011_cfosat.ppt
The CFOSAT mission is a joint China-France satellite mission launching in 2015 to measure oceanic wind and wave spectra globally using new scatterometer instruments. The mission aims to improve wind and wave forecasts through simultaneous wind and wave measurements from its SWIM wave scatterometer and SCAT wind scatterometer. CFOSAT will provide directional wave spectra and wind vectors over the global oceans to advance understanding of ocean-atmosphere processes.
3_Xorbits_InSAR_IGARSS2011.ppt
This document summarizes experiments demonstrating synthetic aperture radar interferometry (InSAR) using the TerraSAR-X and TanDEM-X satellites under crossing orbits. The experiments showed that InSAR is feasible with crossing orbits if small squints are applied. Repeat-pass InSAR acquisitions under large crossing angles also produced coherent fringes, enabling 1, 5, and 6 day repeats. Time series analysis of the Ronne Ice Shelf in Antarctica exploited the rapidly varying baselines between acquisitions to study ice shelf velocity gradients and decorrelation effects.
First Observation of the Earth’s Permanent FreeOscillation s on Ocean Bottom ...
The Earth’s hum is the permanent free oscillations of the Earth recorded in the absence ofearthquakes, at periods above 30 s. We present the first observations of its fundamental spheroidaleigenmodes on broadband ocean bottom seismometers (OBSs) in the Indian Ocean. At the ocean bottom,the effects of ocean infragravity waves (compliance) and seafloor currents (tilt) overshadow the hum. In ourexperiment, data are also affected by electronic glitches. We remove these signals from the seismic traceby subtracting average glitch signals; performing a linear regression; and using frequency-dependentresponse functions between pressure, horizontal, and vertical seismic components. This reduces the longperiod noise on the OBS to the level of a good land station. Finally, by windowing the autocorrelation toinclude only the direct arrival, the first and second orbits around the Earth, and by calculating its Fouriertransform, we clearly observe the eigenmodes at the ocean bottom.
IGARSS 2011_Temimi.pptx
This study used active microwave observations from Radarsat satellite imagery, optical Landsat images, and LiDAR topography data to map flooded areas in Apalachicola, Florida at different tides. The multi-temporal Radarsat imagery clearly showed flooded and non-flooded pixels during high and low tides. Comparison to historical aerial photographs found good agreement, demonstrating potential for remote sensing to monitor coastal flooding, improve inundation models, and guide hydrodynamic simulation of wetting/drying processes. Future work will extend this approach across the northern Gulf of Mexico coast.
Mapping surface deformation in open pit iron mines of Carajás Province.pdf
surface monitoring in open pit mine
5_IGARSS2011-McDonald-v1-.ppt
This document discusses the Soil Moisture Active Passive (SMAP) mission and its objectives to map global soil moisture and freeze/thaw state using L-band radar and radiometer instruments. It describes how SMAP measurements will improve understanding of links between terrestrial water, energy and carbon cycles. It also outlines the development of a Level 4 carbon product that will estimate land-atmosphere carbon exchange using SMAP and ancillary data as inputs to models.
EGU21-11075_presentation.pptx
The document discusses the need for accurate measurements of extreme winds over the ocean, including for nowcasting hurricanes, numerical weather prediction, oceanography, and climate monitoring. There is currently uncertainty around the in-situ wind speed reference used to calibrate satellite winds and models at hurricane force winds. While moored buoys are generally validated up to 25 m/s, dropsondes which are most commonly used may have errors integrating wind profiles in hurricanes. The document recommends further investigating dropsonde deceleration errors and comparing buoy and dropsonde measurements above 15 m/s. Improving the in-situ wind calibration reference is important for adapting satellite wind retrievals like SFMR as well as numerical weather prediction model
Seminar
The document summarizes two seminar presentations that used InSAR techniques to analyze land subsidence in Beijing, China and the Perth Basin in Australia. In Beijing, InSAR detected 790 mm of cumulative subsidence over 8 years, with rates comparable to GPS data. Subsidence correlated with over-exploitation of groundwater. In the Perth Basin, Sentinel-1A detected subsidence up to 15 mm/year over broad areas and 20 mm/year locally, agreeing with independent TerraSAR-X data and indicating seasonal groundwater impacts. Both studies demonstrated InSAR's ability to detect small subsidence magnitudes and would benefit from considering human impacts.
FR01_01_GlezetalIGARSS2011.ppt
This document summarizes a study that used wide-swath interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) time series to map large-scale ground deformation over the Danakil depression in the Afar region of Ethiopia between 2006 and 2009. The time series analysis revealed deformation signals consistent with magmatic intrusions and inflation/deflation of volcanic centers. Modeling of the deformation supported deep magma intrusion beneath the central segment and lateral magma propagation and chamber inflation beneath Dabbahu volcano in the northern segment. The study demonstrated the potential of wide-swath InSAR time series for mapping long-wavelength ground deformation over large areas.
FR01_01_GlezetalIGARSS2011.ppt
This document summarizes a study that used wide-swath interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) time series to map large-scale ground deformation over the Danakil depression in the Afar region of Ethiopia between 2006 and 2009. The time series analysis revealed deformation signals consistent with magmatic intrusions and inflation/deflation of volcanic centers. Modeling of the deformation supported deep magma intrusion beneath the central segment and lateral magma propagation and chamber inflation beneath Dabbahu volcano in the northern segment. The study demonstrated the potential of wide-swath InSAR time series for mapping long-wavelength ground deformation over large areas.
bettenhausen_igarss11_talk.pdf
WindSat provides fully polarimetric microwave radiometer measurements to retrieve ocean surface wind vectors in near-real-time. Statistical evaluations show good agreement with QuikSCAT below 20 m/s wind speed. Future plans include improving retrievals in rain conditions through modifications to the forward model, retrieval algorithm, and calibration analyses. Addressing radio frequency interference and Faraday rotation effects will also enhance the wind vector retrievals.
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TH3.L10.1: THE NASA SOIL MOISTURE ACTIVE PASSIVE (SMAP) MISSION: OVERVIEW
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TU2.L10 - NEXT-GENERATION GLOBAL PRECIPITATION PRODUCTS AND THEIR APPLICATIONS
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Spatial-temporal Characterization of Hurricane Path using GNSS-derived Precip...
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Mapping surface deformation in open pit iron mines of Carajás Province.pdf
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SEGMENTATION OF POLARIMETRIC SAR DATA WITH A MULTI-TEXTURE PRODUCT MODEL
1) The document describes a segmentation algorithm for polarimetric SAR (PolSAR) data that can model both scalar-texture and multi-texture scattering.
2) The algorithm uses log-cumulants and hypothesis testing to determine whether a scalar-texture or dual-texture model best fits the data within each segment.
3) The algorithm is tested on simulated multi-texture PolSAR data and is shown to accurately segment the classes and estimate their texture parameters. However, when applied to real data sets, the algorithm only finds the simpler scalar-texture case.
TWO-POINT STATISTIC OF POLARIMETRIC SAR DATA TWO-POINT STATISTIC OF POLARIMET...
This document discusses using wavelet transforms to analyze two-point statistics of polarimetric synthetic aperture radar (PolSAR) data. It introduces wavelet variance and kurtosis as metrics that can be applied to PolSAR data transformed using a wavelet frame. It then provides an example of applying this analysis to ALOS PALSAR data over Hawaii's Papau Seamount to characterize sea surface features.
THE SENTINEL-1 MISSION AND ITS APPLICATION CAPABILITIES
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GMES SPACE COMPONENT:PROGRAMMATIC STATUS
The document summarizes the status of the GMES Space Component program. It describes the Sentinel satellite missions for monitoring land, ocean, atmosphere and emergency situations. The Sentinels will provide long-term data continuity as well as improved coverage compared to existing missions. Sentinel data will be freely and openly available to both operational users and the science community. The program is on track, with the first Sentinel launches beginning in 2013.
PROGRESSES OF DEVELOPMENT OF CFOSAT SCATTEROMETER
The document describes the progress of the development of CFOSAT SCAT, a Ku-band scatterometer onboard the Chinese-French Oceanography Satellite (CFOSAT). CFOSAT will measure global ocean surface winds and waves to improve weather forecasting, ocean dynamics modeling, climate research, and understanding of surface processes. The SCAT instrument is a rotating fan-beam radar scatterometer that will retrieve wind vectors using measurements of backscatter at incidence angles from 26 to 46 degrees. It has a wide swath of over 1000km and specifications are designed to achieve high-precision wind measurements globally. System details including parameters and the operation mode are provided.
DEVELOPMENT OF ALGORITHMS AND PRODUCTS FOR SUPPORTING THE ITALIAN HYPERSPECTR...
The document describes the SAP4PRISMA project which aims to develop algorithms and products to support the Italian hyperspectral PRISMA Earth observation mission. The project will focus on data processing, quality assessment, classification methods, and generating level 3 and 4 products for applications like land monitoring, agriculture, and hazard monitoring. It will include the generation of "PRISMA-like" synthetic test data to support algorithm development and validation. The research will be carried out across multiple work packages focusing on topics like data quality, classification methods, calibration/validation, and developing applicative products.
EO-1/HYPERION: NEARING TWELVE YEARS OF SUCCESSFUL MISSION SCIENCE OPERATION A...
1) The EO-1 Hyperion instrument has collected over 65,000 scenes over its 12-year mission to study land and coastal ecosystems using imaging spectroscopy.
2) Studies using Hyperion data have identified spectral indices related to chlorophyll that correlate with carbon flux measurements at different sites, including a Zambian woodland and North Carolina forest sites.
3) Time series of Hyperion data at flux tower sites show seasonal changes in these spectral indices that match patterns in ecosystem carbon uptake and release.
EO-1/HYPERION: NEARING TWELVE YEARS OF SUCCESSFUL MISSION SCIENCE OPERATION A...
1) The EO-1 Hyperion instrument has collected over 65,000 scenes over its 12-year mission to study land and coastal ecosystems using imaging spectroscopy.
2) Studies using Hyperion data have identified spectral indices related to chlorophyll that correlate with carbon flux measurements at different forest, grassland, and woodland sites globally.
3) Time series of Hyperion data at sites in Zambia, North Carolina, and Kansas show seasonal changes in these spectral indices that match patterns in ecosystem carbon uptake and release measured by flux towers.
EO-1/HYPERION: NEARING TWELVE YEARS OF SUCCESSFUL MISSION SCIENCE OPERATION A...
EO-1/Hyperion has been collecting hyperspectral imagery for over 12 years, acquiring over 65,000 scenes. Researchers have been using these data to develop and validate algorithms for estimating vegetation properties like fraction of absorbed photosynthetically active radiation (fAPAR) and photochemical reflectance index (PRI). Comparisons of Hyperion data to field measurements at flux tower sites show these algorithms can accurately track vegetation changes over time and relate spectral properties to productivity metrics like light use efficiency and gross ecosystem productivity. This work is helping prototype data products for the upcoming HyspIRI mission.
Test
This document is a return and exchange form for a wetsuit company. It provides instructions for customers to fill out when returning an undamaged item for a refund, exchange, or size change. The form requests information like the customer's order details, contact information, the suit being returned and its size, the reason for return, and if applicable, the new desired size. It also provides the return shipping address and notifies customers that the company is not responsible for lost or damaged return packages.
2011_Fox_Tax_Worksheets.pdf
This document provides instructions for clients of Fox Tax Planning and Preparation for preparing to have their taxes filed. It lists important income and deduction documentation to bring to an appointment, such as W-2s, 1099s, receipts for donations. It also includes an engagement letter detailing the services to be provided, responsibilities of both parties, fees, and electronic filing and signature procedures. Clients are asked to sign the letter agreeing to the terms and return it along with their tax information.
Tana_IGARSS2011.ppt
The document discusses mapping wetlands in North America using MODIS 500m imagery. It describes wetlands and existing global wetland databases. The methodology uses MODIS data from 2008, digital elevation models, and reference data to classify wetlands into three types - forest/shrub dominant wetlands, herbaceous dominant wetlands, and sea grass dominant wetlands. Training data is collected from existing land cover maps and Landsat imagery. A decision tree model and maximum likelihood classification are applied to extract wetlands from other land covers.
Solaro_IGARSS_2011.ppt
The document summarizes research using SBAS-DInSAR (Small BAseline Subset differential interferometric synthetic aperture radar) techniques to analyze ground deformation at Mt. Etna volcano in Italy over the last 18 years using ERS and ENVISAT satellite data. The analysis revealed three main deformation processes: inflation of the volcanic edifice, subsidence of sectors on the eastern flank due to gravitational spreading, and deflation-inflation cycles associated with eruptive and post-eruptive activity. More recent analysis using higher resolution COSMO-SkyMed data from 2009-2010 detected deformation related to faults and a 2010 earthquake more precisely than lower resolution ENVISAT data.
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Feeling lost in the digital marketing whirlwind of 2024? Technology is changing, consumer habits are evolving, and staying ahead of the curve feels like a never-ending pursuit. This e-book is your compass. Dive into actionable insights to handle the complexities of modern marketing. From hyper-personalization to the power of user-generated content, learn how to build long-term relationships with your audience and unlock the secrets to success in the ever-shifting digital landscape.
HCL Notes and Domino License Cost Reduction in the World of DLAU
Webinar Recording: https://www.panagenda.com/webinars/hcl-notes-and-domino-license-cost-reduction-in-the-world-of-dlau/
The introduction of DLAU and the CCB & CCX licensing model caused quite a stir in the HCL community. As a Notes and Domino customer, you may have faced challenges with unexpected user counts and license costs. You probably have questions on how this new licensing approach works and how to benefit from it. Most importantly, you likely have budget constraints and want to save money where possible. Don’t worry, we can help with all of this!
We’ll show you how to fix common misconfigurations that cause higher-than-expected user counts, and how to identify accounts which you can deactivate to save money. There are also frequent patterns that can cause unnecessary cost, like using a person document instead of a mail-in for shared mailboxes. We’ll provide examples and solutions for those as well. And naturally we’ll explain the new licensing model.
Join HCL Ambassador Marc Thomas in this webinar with a special guest appearance from Franz Walder. It will give you the tools and know-how to stay on top of what is going on with Domino licensing. You will be able lower your cost through an optimized configuration and keep it low going forward.
These topics will be covered
- Reducing license cost by finding and fixing misconfigurations and superfluous accounts
- How do CCB and CCX licenses really work?
- Understanding the DLAU tool and how to best utilize it
- Tips for common problem areas, like team mailboxes, functional/test users, etc
- Practical examples and best practices to implement right away
5th LF Energy Power Grid Model Meet-up Slides
5th Power Grid Model Meet-up
It is with great pleasure that we extend to you an invitation to the 5th Power Grid Model Meet-up, scheduled for 6th June 2024. This event will adopt a hybrid format, allowing participants to join us either through an online Mircosoft Teams session or in person at TU/e located at Den Dolech 2, Eindhoven, Netherlands. The meet-up will be hosted by Eindhoven University of Technology (TU/e), a research university specializing in engineering science & technology.
Power Grid Model
The global energy transition is placing new and unprecedented demands on Distribution System Operators (DSOs). Alongside upgrades to grid capacity, processes such as digitization, capacity optimization, and congestion management are becoming vital for delivering reliable services.
Power Grid Model is an open source project from Linux Foundation Energy and provides a calculation engine that is increasingly essential for DSOs. It offers a standards-based foundation enabling real-time power systems analysis, simulations of electrical power grids, and sophisticated what-if analysis. In addition, it enables in-depth studies and analysis of the electrical power grid’s behavior and performance. This comprehensive model incorporates essential factors such as power generation capacity, electrical losses, voltage levels, power flows, and system stability.
Power Grid Model is currently being applied in a wide variety of use cases, including grid planning, expansion, reliability, and congestion studies. It can also help in analyzing the impact of renewable energy integration, assessing the effects of disturbances or faults, and developing strategies for grid control and optimization.
What to expect
For the upcoming meetup we are organizing, we have an exciting lineup of activities planned:
-Insightful presentations covering two practical applications of the Power Grid Model.
-An update on the latest advancements in Power Grid -Model technology during the first and second quarters of 2024.
-An interactive brainstorming session to discuss and propose new feature requests.
-An opportunity to connect with fellow Power Grid Model enthusiasts and users.
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The role of weather models in mitigation of tropspheric delay for SAR Interferometry.ppt
- 1. The role of numerical weather models (NWM) in mitigation of tropospheric delay for SAR Interferometry July 27, 2011 Shizhuo Liu 1 , Agnes Mika 2 , Wenyu Gong 3 , Franz Meyer 3 , Ramon Hanssen 1 , Don Morton 3 and Peter Webley 3 1 Delft institute of Earth Observation and Space Systems (DEOS), the Netherlands 2 BMT AGROSS, the Netherlands 3 University of Alaska Fairbanks, United States Department of Earth Observation and Space Systems (DEOS), Aerospace engineering InSAR WRF
- 3. Spatial characteristics of delay in InSAR 07/27/11 8 ERS1/2 tandem interferograms over Groningen, the Netherlands a b c d e f g h trend: c, e, h local anomaly: a, g trend+anomaly: b, d, f Trend + Variation (water vapor) mm
- 4. Delay in mountainous regions 07/27/11 = Trend + Variation (random) p q Atmospheric-only interferogram Hawaii topography h trend + variation + vertical stratification m mm
- 5. Studies of regions with different climates 07/27/11 Netherlands Hawaii Mexico City Lake Moore, WA
- 7. Hawaii (case No.1) InSAR (35-day) 07/27/11 WRF Foster JGRL, vol. 33, 2006 mm InSAR - WRF InSAR WRF InSAR - WRF
- 8. Hawaii (case No.2) 07/27/11 InSAR (35-day) WRF InSAR - WRF InSAR WRF InSAR - WRF
- 9. Topography of Mexico City 07/27/11 m
- 10. Mexico City (case No.1) 07/27/11 InSAR (35-day) WRF InSAR-WRF InSAR WRF InSAR-WRF mm
- 11. Mexico City (case No.2) 07/27/11 InSAR (35-day) WRF InSAR - WRF InSAR WRF InSAR - WRF
- 12. Inconsistency (case No.3) 07/27/11 InSAR (35-day) WRF InSAR - WRF
- 13. Cross-validation with MERIS 07/27/11 WRF InSAR MERIS mm
- 15. Netherlands (9 cases) 07/27/11 InSAR (35-day) WRF InSAR-WRF No.1 mm No.2 No.3
- 16. Netherlands 07/27/11 InSAR (35-day) WRF InSAR-WRF No.4 No.5 No.6
- 17. Netherlands 07/27/11 InSAR (35-day) WRF InSAR-WRF No.7 No.8 No.9
- 18. Southwest Australia (5 cases) 07/27/11 InSAR (35-day) WRF InSAR-WRF No.1 No.2 No.3
- 19. Southwest Australia 07/27/11 InSAR (35-day) WRF InSAR-WRF No.4 No.5
- 20. Variograms of delay 07/27/11 Netherlands Australia Distance [km] InSAR WRF
- 23. ECMWF versus FNL 07/27/11 Mexico City (case No.3) same model settings
- 24. Netherlands (case No.2) 07/27/11 InSAR ECMWF(WRF) InSAR-ECMWF FNL(WRF) InSAR-FNL
- 25. Netherlands (case No.9) 07/27/11 InSAR ECMWF(WRF) InSAR-ECMWF FNL(WRF) InSAR-FNL
- 26. Longer spin-up time and more vertical levels 07/27/11 Hawaii Mexico City Netherlands Australia InSAR WRF tuned WRF original
- 29. Is the weather model generally bad for delay prediction ? 07/27/11 MERIS WRF Absolute delay:
- 32. Tropospheric delay experienced by MW 07/27/11 hydrostatic (gas components) wet (water vapor) cloud droplets absolute delay due to troposphere: hydrostatic: long wavelength spatial gradient(pressure, temperature), i.e., trend wet/cloud: significant spatial variation, i.e., local variation
- 33. Numerical forecasting for delay mitigation 07/27/11 Earth’s surface NWM prediction dh z(h) (T, e, P) P: total air pressure e : water vapour pressure T: air temperature x y C onstants (Davis et al., 1985) Refractivity is obtained by taking temporal and spatial difference in sequence
- 34. Hawaii (case No.3) 07/27/11 InSAR (35-day) WRF InSAR - WRF InSAR WRF InSAR - WRF
- 35. Hawaii (case No.4) 07/27/11 InSAR (35-day) WRF InSAR-WRF InSAR WRF InSAR-WRF
Editor's Notes
- FNL: final analysis (google) Microphyiscs: Morrison 2-moment is a good scheme for high-resolution forecasting (WRF manual)