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The required elements: Your outline should contain the
following elements in this order:
I. The Introduction: This section previews your topic
and the details you will cover in the body of your presentation.
It should be very brief, but include:
A. The food, cuisine, invention or idea that you are going
to discuss. – Pizza
B. Why you chose this topic. – Favorite food, interest in
origin, interest in others’ preferences of dish,
C. A preview of the regions where your topic has developed
and then diffused to. – Believed to be birthed in Southern
Europe, radically modified in the Canadian Shield, diffused to
just about every region in the world.
II. The Body (Content Sections): In the body, you must
address how the four geographic concepts mentioned in the
presentation instructions (regions, cultural landscapes,
diffusion, and distance decay) relate to your topic.
A. Regions: Discuss the origin region or regions of your topic,
with specific attention to the geographic qualities of the region
that influenced the development of your topic. The origin is
said to have come as a request from royalty in the Southern
Europe region of Europe; specifically in the Italian Province of
Naples. Italy’s herbs, spices, and regional ingredients
revolutionized the dish we know today as Pizza.
B. Cultural Landscape: Discuss how the landscape in the
region(s) described above has been shaped by the culture that
gave rise to your topic, and how your topic might be reflected in
that landscape. – No coincidence that the main ingredients of
pizza share the same color of the Italian flag. The architects of
pizza in Napoli were also the first to authenticate pizza’s round
shape.
C. Diffusion: Discuss how your topic has diffused from its
origin. Where has it diffused to? What factors led to its
diffusion there? What kind of diffusion has it experienced? –
Pizza was diffused to most of the regions of Europe as Italians
migrated to Spain, France, and England. It’s diffusion to the
U.S. however, is a result of our Soldiers eating this dish while
abroad.
D. Distance Decay: Discuss how your topic has changed as it
has diffused away from the region(s) of its origin. Explain these
changes with reference to the geographic qualities of the
regions it has diffused to. – Distance Decay can be viewed as
ambiguous when regarding pizza because this very aspect is
what makes pizza great. Yes, the original blueprint for the
creation of pizza has changed since the diffusion of the dish.
Canada added pineapples, Mexico added jalapenos, and Asia
added crab sticks.
III. The Conclusion Section: this section should contain
four to six points that sum up the main points from the body of
the outline.
A. Start your conclusion with one sentence summarizing some
basic information about your topic. – Pizza is a universally
loved dish that became one of Italy’s most prominent and patent
foods.
B. Continue with a brief summary (1-2 sentences) about the
important characteristics of its origin region(s). – Although the
aesthetic of its creation cannot be pinpointed, Southern Europe
(specifically Italy) is given credit for pizza’s emergence.
C. Include a brief note about relevant cultural landscapes. –
Southern Italy’s climate lead to the flourishing and organic
vegetable gardens that transcended the commodity we know as
pizza.
D. Include a brief summary (1-2 sentences) about the diffusion
of your topic and the distance decay it experienced. Diffusion
isn’t very active with pizza today due to its rapid widespread
over the last century. Distance decay, however, is an aspect
that is still affecting Pizza 100 years later.
E. Wrap up the conclusion section with a closing note that
provides brief information about why this topic was of interest
to you, and a fact about your topic you found interesting.
IV. Reference section: This is not just the reference page;
rather, referencing should occur throughout the outline as it will
in your presentation. Therefore, your outline should include
both a separate reference page containing a minimum of five
sources listed in proper APA reference list format AND internal
citations throughout the outline where appropriate. Please be
sure to see the resources below for assistance regarding in-text
citations and reference list formatting, and/or ask me if you
have any additional questions.
Bellis, M. (2020, January 9). Ordering Pizza for Dinner? Thank
This Guy. Retrieved February 3, 2020, from
http://inventors.about.com/od/foodrelatedinventions/a/pizza.htm
Fantozzi, J. (2017, November 3). Pizza styles around the world.
Retrieved February 3, 2020, from
https://www.insider.com/pizza-styles-around-the-world-2017-11
Gajanan, M. (2017, June 11). Pizza: The Man Who Invented
Hawaiian Pies Died. Retrieved February 8, 2020, from
https://time.com/4814056/hawaiian-pizza-pineapple-sam-
panopoulos-death/
Ide, E. (2017, December 7). What makes Neapolitan pizza one
of the world's cultural treasures? Retrieved February 3, 2020,
from https://www.thelocal.it/20171207/history-of-neapolitan-
pizza-naples-italy
Turim, G. (2012, July 27). A Slice of History: Pizza Through
the Ages. Retrieved February 3, 2020, from
http://www.history.com/news/hungry-history/a-slice-of-history-
pizza-through-the-ages
PACO 500
Meaning-Making Forum Rubric (Based on 125 Point Total)
Criteria
Levels of Achievement
Criteria
Advanced 92-100 (A- to A):
Satisfies criteria w/ excellence
Proficient 84-91 (B- to B+) :
Satisfies Criteria
Developing (C- to C+):
Satisfies most criteria
Below Expectations (F to D+):
Does not satisfy criteria
Not Present
Points
Earned
Content 70% (87.5 pts.)
Thread
65-70 pts.
· All key components of the Meaning-Making Forum prompt are
answered in the thread.
· The thread has a clear, logical flow. All major points are
stated clearly.
· All major points are supported by required evidence-based
sources/readings to date and good examples or thoughtful
analysis.
59-64 pts.
· All key components of the Meaning-Making Forum prompt are
answered in the thread.
· The thread has a logical flow. Most major points are stated.
· Most major points are supported by required evidence-based
sources/readings to date and examples or analysis.
53-58 pts.
· The Meaning-Making Forum prompt is addressed.
· The thread lacks flow and content. Major points are unclear or
confusing.
· Major points include minimal examples or analysis.
1-52 pts.
· The Meaning-Making Forum prompt is addressed minimally or
not at all.
· The thread lacks content. Major points are unclear, confusing
or not discussed at all.
· Major points are not supported by examples or analysis.
0 points
Reply
16.5-17.5 pts.
· One Reply with Quote directly addresses a related thread.
· The reply is a significant contribution supported by at least 1
required evidence-based source, thoughtful analysis of subject
matter and thread.
15.5 pts.
· One Reply with Quote directly addresses a related thread.
· The reply is a contribution that reflects evidence-based
thoughtful analysis of subject matter and thread.
13.5-14.5 pts.
· One Reply with Quote addresses a related thread.
· The reply lacks flow and content. Reply is unclear or
confusing.
1-12.5 pts.
· One Reply with Quote marginally addresses a related thread.
· The reply lacks relevancy or clarity.
0 points
Structure 30% (37.5 pts.)
Organization / Style/Sources
23-25 pts.
· The thread is presented with appropriate headings in bold,
annotated outline with concise sentences, and organizational
clarity.
· Thread’s minimum word count of 450 words is met or
exceeded.
· The reply contains a salutation and meets or exceeds 150 word
count.
· Required sources/readings to date are noticeably present with
appropriate APA or Turabian citations/references with format
errors.
21-22 pts.
· The thread is presented with most headings in bold, annotated
outline with sentences, but slightly lacking organizational
clarity.
· Thread’s minimum word count of 450 words is met or
exceeded.
· The reply contains a salutation and meets or exceeds 150 word
count.
· Required sources/readings to date are noticeably present with
appropriate APA or Turabian citations/references with minimal
format errors.
19-20 pts.
· The thread is presented with partial headings, without
annotated outline and/or clear sentences, and/or lacks
organizational clarity.
· Thread’s minimum word count of 450 words is met or
exceeded.
· The reply does not contain a salutation and/or meet 150 word
count.
· Most required sources/readings to date are present yet reflect
several APA or Turabian citations/references errors.
1-18 pts.
· The thread is presented without headings and/or clear
sentences, and lacks organizational clarity.
· Thread’s minimum word count of 450 words is not met or
exceeded.
· The reply does not contain a salutation and meet 150 word
count.
· Three or more required sources to date are not present;
Sources present lack appropriate APA or Turabian
citations/references.
0 points
Grammar/
Spelling
11.5-12.5 pts.
· Spelling, grammar are correct. Sentences are complete, clear,
and concise.
· Paragraphs contain appropriately varied sentence structures.
9.5-10.5 pts.
· Sentences are reasonably complete, clear, and concise. Minor
issues with proofreading/editing are noted.
· Paragraphs contain appropriately varied sentence structures.
8.5 pts.
· Sentences are less complete, clear, and concise. More
pervasive / significant issues with proofreading / editing are
noted.
· Paragraphs contain appropriately varied sentence structures.
1-7.5 pts.
· Writing is not at the graduate level. It was clear that the work
had not been edited or proofread. Multiple issues are noted.
· Run-on paragraphs are observed. Sentence structure is not
varied.
0 points
Total
/ 125
Page 2 of 2
PACO 500
Solution
-based Short-term Pastoral Counseling (SbStPC) Handout
[All Website Links were last reviewed 10/31/2019]
Note: In order to satisfactorily complete Meaning-Making
Forums 1-4, remain closely connected to this handout, required
readings, lectures, and previous learning activities. For future
reference, journal on this handout as you engage subject matter.
Aim to become very familiar with all content and websites as
soon as possible. You are expected to draw upon this framework
and integrate pertinent insights from ALL required course
materials into each thread (see Course Schedule and Meaning-
Making Forum Guidelines & Rubric).
All of PACO 500’s readings and learning activities attempt to
provide language and skills for becoming an effective and
efficient people-helper. As a required resource, this handout
provides a rationale for using SbStPC along with an overview of
its counseling process and skills for developing related
competencies.
1. In what ways does a solution-based, short-term strategy
become a value-added to a student-minister’s counseling
experience?
· SbStPC uses a collaborative methodology to align with God’s
intentions (Kollar, 2011, p. 57). In the process of
understanding the problem/issue affecting the care-seeker’s life,
the student-counselor will come to realize that s/he is not the
game-changer. Instead, the collaborative relationship (i.e., the
counselor, counselee, Word of God, and Wonderful Counselor)
utilized empowers “relocation” (i.e., a purposeful process of
moving from where one is to where one needs to be under the
dominion and direction of a well-defined guiding purpose
statement; Rice, 2005).
· In no fashion is a problem or issue ignored or minimized; in
fact, the opposite is true. Problem description requires
teamwork. Kollar (2011) identifies the action of problem
description, goal formulation, and vision clarification as a co-
creative methodology between the Holy Spirit, counselor, and
counselee (p. 57).
· In the first phase of the counseling process, the student-
counselor is prompted to actively listen to the Holy Spirit and
counselee. This timely partnership enhances the counselor’s
ability to understand the problem being described. That is, to
“get” what it is, when it is most often and least often present,
and how it threatens who or what is important to the care-
seeker.
· When a problem is satisfactorily understood, a goal/solution
may be collaboratively developed along with a describable,
measurable, and repeatable plan of action to move out and away
from the problem.
· The SbStPC process does not assume the care-seeker can move
toward the goal alone. Upon finding the keys to solution, effort
is made to identify and secure partners to support care-seeker’s
forward progress.
· Unlike problem-focused approaches which require more time,
SbStPC manages the counseling process effectively and
efficiently with its brief (e.g., 3–5 sessions), time-limited (e.g.,
50–90-minute time frame per session), focused (e.g.,
identifiable phases within the counseling process; see “Hawkins
Analysis Grid” and “Core Competency Two: Developing Your
Style to Connect with People” – Ch.3 in Dr. Younce’s
dissertation below) boundaries.
· SbStPC challenges the student-minister to rethink existing
paradigms and to value each care-seeker as a fellow image-
bearer. This reflection often cultivates the essential
interpersonal skills (i.e., empathetic, considerate, authentic) to
flex with a care-seeker’s fallen-ness without compromising
truth and grace.
· As with any effective people-helping strategy, a significant
emphasis is placed on interpersonal skill development. SbStPC
learning activities provide students with language to discuss
what makes them tick and become ticked off. Gaining language
to describe human behavior, along with corresponding people-
helping skills, facilitates rapport building and cultivates a
context for change.
· SbStPC challenges each student-minister to operate under the
authority of the Word of God, in the power of the Holy Spirit,
within a community of accountability for the purpose of
intentionally pursing the imitation of Christ and moving others
toward faith in and imitation of Christ.
· Take this discussion further and review a fellow Liberty
University student’s doctoral dissertation which captured much
of SbStPC’s competency based approach:
The Significance of Developing Core Counseling Competencies
in Pastoral Care Ministry
2. Are we to assume that similar theoretical monikers such as
solution-focused brief therapy and Kollar’s (2011) solution-
focused pastoral counseling are just different names for this
course’s

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The required elements Your outline should contain the following e.docx

  • 1. The required elements: Your outline should contain the following elements in this order: I. The Introduction: This section previews your topic and the details you will cover in the body of your presentation. It should be very brief, but include: A. The food, cuisine, invention or idea that you are going to discuss. – Pizza B. Why you chose this topic. – Favorite food, interest in origin, interest in others’ preferences of dish, C. A preview of the regions where your topic has developed and then diffused to. – Believed to be birthed in Southern Europe, radically modified in the Canadian Shield, diffused to just about every region in the world. II. The Body (Content Sections): In the body, you must address how the four geographic concepts mentioned in the presentation instructions (regions, cultural landscapes, diffusion, and distance decay) relate to your topic. A. Regions: Discuss the origin region or regions of your topic, with specific attention to the geographic qualities of the region that influenced the development of your topic. The origin is said to have come as a request from royalty in the Southern Europe region of Europe; specifically in the Italian Province of Naples. Italy’s herbs, spices, and regional ingredients revolutionized the dish we know today as Pizza. B. Cultural Landscape: Discuss how the landscape in the region(s) described above has been shaped by the culture that gave rise to your topic, and how your topic might be reflected in that landscape. – No coincidence that the main ingredients of pizza share the same color of the Italian flag. The architects of pizza in Napoli were also the first to authenticate pizza’s round shape. C. Diffusion: Discuss how your topic has diffused from its
  • 2. origin. Where has it diffused to? What factors led to its diffusion there? What kind of diffusion has it experienced? – Pizza was diffused to most of the regions of Europe as Italians migrated to Spain, France, and England. It’s diffusion to the U.S. however, is a result of our Soldiers eating this dish while abroad. D. Distance Decay: Discuss how your topic has changed as it has diffused away from the region(s) of its origin. Explain these changes with reference to the geographic qualities of the regions it has diffused to. – Distance Decay can be viewed as ambiguous when regarding pizza because this very aspect is what makes pizza great. Yes, the original blueprint for the creation of pizza has changed since the diffusion of the dish. Canada added pineapples, Mexico added jalapenos, and Asia added crab sticks. III. The Conclusion Section: this section should contain four to six points that sum up the main points from the body of the outline. A. Start your conclusion with one sentence summarizing some basic information about your topic. – Pizza is a universally loved dish that became one of Italy’s most prominent and patent foods. B. Continue with a brief summary (1-2 sentences) about the important characteristics of its origin region(s). – Although the aesthetic of its creation cannot be pinpointed, Southern Europe (specifically Italy) is given credit for pizza’s emergence. C. Include a brief note about relevant cultural landscapes. – Southern Italy’s climate lead to the flourishing and organic vegetable gardens that transcended the commodity we know as pizza. D. Include a brief summary (1-2 sentences) about the diffusion of your topic and the distance decay it experienced. Diffusion isn’t very active with pizza today due to its rapid widespread over the last century. Distance decay, however, is an aspect that is still affecting Pizza 100 years later.
  • 3. E. Wrap up the conclusion section with a closing note that provides brief information about why this topic was of interest to you, and a fact about your topic you found interesting. IV. Reference section: This is not just the reference page; rather, referencing should occur throughout the outline as it will in your presentation. Therefore, your outline should include both a separate reference page containing a minimum of five sources listed in proper APA reference list format AND internal citations throughout the outline where appropriate. Please be sure to see the resources below for assistance regarding in-text citations and reference list formatting, and/or ask me if you have any additional questions. Bellis, M. (2020, January 9). Ordering Pizza for Dinner? Thank This Guy. Retrieved February 3, 2020, from http://inventors.about.com/od/foodrelatedinventions/a/pizza.htm Fantozzi, J. (2017, November 3). Pizza styles around the world. Retrieved February 3, 2020, from https://www.insider.com/pizza-styles-around-the-world-2017-11 Gajanan, M. (2017, June 11). Pizza: The Man Who Invented Hawaiian Pies Died. Retrieved February 8, 2020, from https://time.com/4814056/hawaiian-pizza-pineapple-sam- panopoulos-death/ Ide, E. (2017, December 7). What makes Neapolitan pizza one of the world's cultural treasures? Retrieved February 3, 2020, from https://www.thelocal.it/20171207/history-of-neapolitan- pizza-naples-italy Turim, G. (2012, July 27). A Slice of History: Pizza Through the Ages. Retrieved February 3, 2020, from http://www.history.com/news/hungry-history/a-slice-of-history- pizza-through-the-ages PACO 500 Meaning-Making Forum Rubric (Based on 125 Point Total)
  • 4. Criteria Levels of Achievement Criteria Advanced 92-100 (A- to A): Satisfies criteria w/ excellence Proficient 84-91 (B- to B+) : Satisfies Criteria Developing (C- to C+): Satisfies most criteria Below Expectations (F to D+): Does not satisfy criteria Not Present Points Earned Content 70% (87.5 pts.) Thread 65-70 pts. · All key components of the Meaning-Making Forum prompt are answered in the thread. · The thread has a clear, logical flow. All major points are stated clearly. · All major points are supported by required evidence-based sources/readings to date and good examples or thoughtful analysis. 59-64 pts. · All key components of the Meaning-Making Forum prompt are answered in the thread.
  • 5. · The thread has a logical flow. Most major points are stated. · Most major points are supported by required evidence-based sources/readings to date and examples or analysis. 53-58 pts. · The Meaning-Making Forum prompt is addressed. · The thread lacks flow and content. Major points are unclear or confusing. · Major points include minimal examples or analysis. 1-52 pts. · The Meaning-Making Forum prompt is addressed minimally or not at all. · The thread lacks content. Major points are unclear, confusing or not discussed at all. · Major points are not supported by examples or analysis. 0 points Reply 16.5-17.5 pts. · One Reply with Quote directly addresses a related thread. · The reply is a significant contribution supported by at least 1 required evidence-based source, thoughtful analysis of subject matter and thread. 15.5 pts. · One Reply with Quote directly addresses a related thread. · The reply is a contribution that reflects evidence-based thoughtful analysis of subject matter and thread. 13.5-14.5 pts. · One Reply with Quote addresses a related thread. · The reply lacks flow and content. Reply is unclear or confusing. 1-12.5 pts. · One Reply with Quote marginally addresses a related thread. · The reply lacks relevancy or clarity.
  • 6. 0 points Structure 30% (37.5 pts.) Organization / Style/Sources 23-25 pts. · The thread is presented with appropriate headings in bold, annotated outline with concise sentences, and organizational clarity. · Thread’s minimum word count of 450 words is met or exceeded. · The reply contains a salutation and meets or exceeds 150 word count. · Required sources/readings to date are noticeably present with appropriate APA or Turabian citations/references with format
  • 7. errors. 21-22 pts. · The thread is presented with most headings in bold, annotated outline with sentences, but slightly lacking organizational clarity. · Thread’s minimum word count of 450 words is met or exceeded. · The reply contains a salutation and meets or exceeds 150 word count. · Required sources/readings to date are noticeably present with appropriate APA or Turabian citations/references with minimal format errors. 19-20 pts. · The thread is presented with partial headings, without annotated outline and/or clear sentences, and/or lacks organizational clarity. · Thread’s minimum word count of 450 words is met or exceeded. · The reply does not contain a salutation and/or meet 150 word count. · Most required sources/readings to date are present yet reflect several APA or Turabian citations/references errors. 1-18 pts. · The thread is presented without headings and/or clear sentences, and lacks organizational clarity. · Thread’s minimum word count of 450 words is not met or exceeded. · The reply does not contain a salutation and meet 150 word count. · Three or more required sources to date are not present; Sources present lack appropriate APA or Turabian citations/references. 0 points Grammar/
  • 8. Spelling 11.5-12.5 pts. · Spelling, grammar are correct. Sentences are complete, clear, and concise. · Paragraphs contain appropriately varied sentence structures. 9.5-10.5 pts. · Sentences are reasonably complete, clear, and concise. Minor issues with proofreading/editing are noted. · Paragraphs contain appropriately varied sentence structures. 8.5 pts. · Sentences are less complete, clear, and concise. More pervasive / significant issues with proofreading / editing are noted. · Paragraphs contain appropriately varied sentence structures. 1-7.5 pts. · Writing is not at the graduate level. It was clear that the work had not been edited or proofread. Multiple issues are noted. · Run-on paragraphs are observed. Sentence structure is not varied. 0 points Total / 125 Page 2 of 2 PACO 500
  • 9. Solution -based Short-term Pastoral Counseling (SbStPC) Handout [All Website Links were last reviewed 10/31/2019] Note: In order to satisfactorily complete Meaning-Making Forums 1-4, remain closely connected to this handout, required readings, lectures, and previous learning activities. For future reference, journal on this handout as you engage subject matter. Aim to become very familiar with all content and websites as soon as possible. You are expected to draw upon this framework and integrate pertinent insights from ALL required course materials into each thread (see Course Schedule and Meaning- Making Forum Guidelines & Rubric). All of PACO 500’s readings and learning activities attempt to provide language and skills for becoming an effective and efficient people-helper. As a required resource, this handout provides a rationale for using SbStPC along with an overview of its counseling process and skills for developing related competencies. 1. In what ways does a solution-based, short-term strategy become a value-added to a student-minister’s counseling experience?
  • 10. · SbStPC uses a collaborative methodology to align with God’s intentions (Kollar, 2011, p. 57). In the process of understanding the problem/issue affecting the care-seeker’s life, the student-counselor will come to realize that s/he is not the game-changer. Instead, the collaborative relationship (i.e., the counselor, counselee, Word of God, and Wonderful Counselor) utilized empowers “relocation” (i.e., a purposeful process of moving from where one is to where one needs to be under the dominion and direction of a well-defined guiding purpose statement; Rice, 2005). · In no fashion is a problem or issue ignored or minimized; in fact, the opposite is true. Problem description requires teamwork. Kollar (2011) identifies the action of problem description, goal formulation, and vision clarification as a co- creative methodology between the Holy Spirit, counselor, and counselee (p. 57). · In the first phase of the counseling process, the student- counselor is prompted to actively listen to the Holy Spirit and counselee. This timely partnership enhances the counselor’s ability to understand the problem being described. That is, to “get” what it is, when it is most often and least often present, and how it threatens who or what is important to the care- seeker. · When a problem is satisfactorily understood, a goal/solution may be collaboratively developed along with a describable,
  • 11. measurable, and repeatable plan of action to move out and away from the problem. · The SbStPC process does not assume the care-seeker can move toward the goal alone. Upon finding the keys to solution, effort is made to identify and secure partners to support care-seeker’s forward progress. · Unlike problem-focused approaches which require more time, SbStPC manages the counseling process effectively and efficiently with its brief (e.g., 3–5 sessions), time-limited (e.g., 50–90-minute time frame per session), focused (e.g., identifiable phases within the counseling process; see “Hawkins Analysis Grid” and “Core Competency Two: Developing Your Style to Connect with People” – Ch.3 in Dr. Younce’s dissertation below) boundaries. · SbStPC challenges the student-minister to rethink existing paradigms and to value each care-seeker as a fellow image- bearer. This reflection often cultivates the essential interpersonal skills (i.e., empathetic, considerate, authentic) to flex with a care-seeker’s fallen-ness without compromising truth and grace. · As with any effective people-helping strategy, a significant emphasis is placed on interpersonal skill development. SbStPC learning activities provide students with language to discuss what makes them tick and become ticked off. Gaining language to describe human behavior, along with corresponding people-
  • 12. helping skills, facilitates rapport building and cultivates a context for change. · SbStPC challenges each student-minister to operate under the authority of the Word of God, in the power of the Holy Spirit, within a community of accountability for the purpose of intentionally pursing the imitation of Christ and moving others toward faith in and imitation of Christ. · Take this discussion further and review a fellow Liberty University student’s doctoral dissertation which captured much of SbStPC’s competency based approach: The Significance of Developing Core Counseling Competencies in Pastoral Care Ministry 2. Are we to assume that similar theoretical monikers such as solution-focused brief therapy and Kollar’s (2011) solution- focused pastoral counseling are just different names for this course’s