The document provides guidance for developing a case study about an independent record label. It outlines several areas for the case study to address, including how the label relates to music production, distribution, and audience consumption. It also discusses the impact of technological developments like the introduction of MP3s, peer-to-peer file sharing, broadband internet, and digital music players. The case study should examine how the label has adapted to these changes and uses various distribution channels and social media. Real-world examples should be incorporated to support the findings.

1. Audiences& InstitutionsExam: Section B

2. You need to developa case study about anindependent record label

3. Your record label mustproduce and/or distribute in the UK

4. You need to learn about how your label (institution) relates to:Production

5. You need to learn about how your label (institution) relates to:Production(recording music)

6. You need to learn about how your label (institution) relates to:Distribution

7. You need to learn about how your label (institution) relates to:Distribution(Promotion and selling of music)

8. You need to learn about how your label (institution) relates to:Consumption

9. You need to learn about how your label (institution) relates to:Consumption(by the audience & customers)

10. You need to learn about how your label (institution) relates to: Production

11. Distribution

12. ConsumptionProductionDistributionAudience

13. Distribution Audience

14. Distribution Audience high street retailDistribution Audience high street retail

15. download salesDistribution Audience high street retail

16. download sales (legal)Distribution Audience high street retail

17. download sales (legal)

18. peer to peerDistribution Audience high street retail

19. download sales (legal)

20. peer to peer (illegal)Distribution Audience high street retail

21. download sales (legal)

22. peer to peer (illegal)

23. concertsDistribution Audience high street retail

24. download sales (legal)

25. peer to peer (illegal)

26. concerts

27. merchandiseDistribution Audience high street retail

28. download sales (legal)

29. peer to peer (illegal)

30. concerts

31. merchandiseDistribution Audience high street retail

32. download sales (legal)

33. peer to peer (illegal)

34. concerts

35. merchandiseCONSUMPTION

37. The BIG FOUR record labels

38. The BIG FOUR record labelsSony/BMGThe BIG FOUR record labelsSony/BMG

39. Warner BrothersThe BIG FOUR record labelsSony/BMG

40. Warner Brothers

41. UniversalThe BIG FOUR record labelsSony/BMG

42. Warner Brothers

43. Universal

44. EMIThe BIG FOUR record labelsLong establish, huge corporate organisations that can pour large sums of money into promoting and distributing products by their successful artists….

45. The BIG FOUR record labelsLong establish, huge corporate organisations that can pour large sums of money into promoting and distributing porducts by their successful artists….But they are not so keen to spend money on smaller, less profitable bands who have only a specialist, niche market.

46. The BIG FOURLong establish, huge corporate organisations that can pour large sums of money into promoting and distributing products by their successful artists….But they are not so keen to spend money on smaller, less profitable bands who have only a specialist, niche market.80% of the market

47. 20% of the market:

48. 20% of the market:Smaller independent labels catering for niche markets

49. Independent record production and distribution made possible by:digital technologyIndependent record production and distribution made possible by:digital technology

50. the development of the internetTechnological development

51. Technological development1980 Compact Discs introducedTechnological development1980 Compact Discs introduced

52. 1982 CDs playable on PCs (initial convergence)Technological development1980 Compact Discs introduced

53. 1982 CDs playable on PCs (initial convergence)

54. 1986 CD sales > vinyl recordsTechnological development1980 Compact Discs introduced

55. 1982 CDs playable on PCs (initial convergence)

56. 1986 CD sales > vinyl records

57. 1990 Recordable CDs introducedTechnological development1980 Compact Discs introduced

58. 1982 CDs playable on PCs (initial convergence)