The Lord of the Ring. A Network Analysis
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This document discusses using network analysis to analyze Lord of the Rings without reading the text. Entities are extracted from a passage and used to construct a network showing connections between characters and locations. The network identifies core characters and groups and shows how similar chapters are based on the entities they reference. Applying this to Lord of the Rings reveals clusters for the Shire, Rivendell, Rohan, and Mordor storylines.
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The Lord of the Ring. A Network Analysis
- 1. Lord of the RingsLord of the Rings Network AnalysisNetwork Analysis Dmitry Zinoviev—Suffolk University—dzinoviev@suffolk.edu—2017
- 2. Why Network Analysis? ● Identify core actors and places ● Identify relationships between actors, and actors and places ● Identify groups (“clusters”) of actors ● …ideally without reading the text
- 7. Network Construction Co-occurrence of chapters 0 (preface) thought 62 and named entities. Connection thickness— number of co-occurrences 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 Goldberry End Mordor Aragorn Rohirrim Silverlode Glóin Cotton Hill Warden Dwarf Gamgee Forest Dol Dale Helm Númenor Uglúk Gandalf House Merry Road Osgiliath Gate Buckland Edoras Orthanc Mr. Captain Samwise Lady Darkness Day Éomer Celeborn Dúnedain Théoden Bilbo Bag Nazgûl Arathorn Morgul LothlórienMaggot Amroth Golden Shagrat Weathertop Gorbag Vale Took Bombadil Anduin Ephel Citadel Mithrandir Misty Orcs Bridge Denethor Hobbit Gaffer Shelob Ferny West Hobbiton Mount Wizard Bree Elder Balin Strider Tower Rohan Company Mirkwood Enemy Lórien Dead Ithilien Lord Old Isen Ungol Boromir Gollum Sea Cirith Sméagol Isildur Gildor Farewell Master East Black Gondor Entwash Moria Hall Durin Tom Sam Imrahil Galadriel Dark Hornburg Frodo Pippin Glorfindel Deep Prince South River Wild Fire Beregond Ents Shire Bill Elvish Éowyn Mark Peregrin Minas Council Steward Gimli Far Doom Great Elendil Baggins Brandybuck Shadowfax Dúath Tree Ranger Elf Shadow Rider Meriadoc Wormtongue Grishnákh Muil City Butterbur Westernesse Amon Faramir Haldir Saruman Elrond Sauron Háma White Nine Land Eye Treebeard Moon Men Emyn Fangorn Rauros Grey King Mountain Tirith Night Brandywine Rivendell Legolas Isengard Bywater Wood Sun Ford Wise Guard Middle-earth North Farmer
- 8. Similarity Calculation ● Quantitative similarity on the scale from -1 (totally dissimilar) to 1 (totally similar) ● Two entities are similar if they act in similar chapters ● Two chapters are similar if they refer to similar entities
- 9. Similar Entities Node size = # of references Blue: Shire, Frodo Orange: Rivendell, Gandalf Purple: Rohan, Aragorn Yellow: Mordor, Sauron Green: Minas Morgul, Gollum Wood Nine Uglúk Peregrin Bilbo Morgul Council Took Misty West Isen Dol Gondor Frodo Prince Minas Goldberry End Mordor Aragorn Rohirrim Silverlode Glóin Grey Hill Warden Dwarf Gandalf Forest Orcs Dale Helm Númenor Gamgee House Merry Road Osgiliath Elendil Buckland Edoras Mount Denethor Samwise Bree Darkness Day Éomer Dúnedain Théoden Bag Nazgûl Arathorn Durin Maggot Strider Golden Shagrat Rauros Gorbag Vale Bombadil Anduin Ephel Citadel Mithrandir Treebeard Bridge Captain Hobbit Gaffer Amon Hobbiton Orthanc Wizard Dúath Elder Balin Tower RohanCompany Mirkwood Enemy Lórien Dead Glorfindel Old Great Ungol Boromir Gollum Sea Cirith Isildur Gildor Farewell Celeborn East Ferny Black Ithilien Entwash Meriadoc Hall Lothlórien Tom Sam Imrahil Galadriel Dark Hornburg Pippin Deep South River Fire Beregond Ents Shire Bill Elvish Éowyn Shelob Steward Gimli Wild Doom Gate Baggins Brandybuck Shadowfax Sméagol Tree Ranger Elf Shadow Rider Moria Wormtongue Grishnákh Muil City Butterbur Westernesse Amroth Faramir Haldir Saruman Elrond Sauron Háma White Land Eye Moon Men Emyn Fangorn Weathertop Cotton King Mountain Tirith Night Brandywine Far Rivendell Legolas Isengard Bywater Sun Ford Wise Guard North Farmer Gap!
- 10. Similar Chapters Node size = # of references Purple (Preface, 1–13, 17, 60–63): Shire? Yellow (14, 18–33, 38, 44–53, 58–59): Rivendell, Rohan? Blue (34–37, 39–43, 54–57): Mordor? 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 89 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 3031 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 4445 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 5758 59 60 61 62
- 11. Similar Chapters Node size = # of references Purple (Preface, 1–13, 17, 60–63): Shire? Yellow (14, 18–33, 38, 44–53, 58–59): Rivendell, Rohan? Blue (34–37, 39–43, 54–57): Mordor? Chapters arrangement by similarity is in a good agreement with their temporal and spatial sequences 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 89 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 3031 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 4445 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 5758 59 60 61 62
- 12. How about “The Hobbit”? Wood Wise Nine Uglúk Peregrin Lake Dain Bilbo Morgul Council Took Treebeard West Thorin Isen Dol Gondor Moon Frodo Prince Minas Goldberry End Mordor Aragorn Rohirrim Silverlode Glóin Grey Hill Warden Dwarf Gandalf Forest Orcs Dale Helm Númenor Gamgee House Merry Road Osgiliath Elendil Buckland Edoras Orthanc Denethor Samwise Bree Darkness Day Éomer Goblin Dúnedain Théoden Bag Nazgûl Arathorn Durin Maggot Strider Golden Gildor Shagrat Weathertop Gorbag Vale Bombadil Anduin Ephel Citadel Mithrandir Misty Long Bridge Captain Hobbit Gaffer Ferny Hobbiton Mount Wizard Dúath Elder Gloin Balin Tower Rohan Company Bard Enemy Lórien Dead Glorfindel High Old Bert Boromir Gollum Sea Cirith Isildur Sun Farewell Celeborn East Black Ithilien Entwash Moria Hall Fili Lothlórien Tom Sam Imrahil Kili Galadriel Dark Hornburg Pippin Deep South River Fire Bombur Beregond Ents Shire Bill Elvish Éowyn Shelob Eagle Steward Dori Gimli Wild Doom Great Gate Baggins Brandybuck Shadowfax Mirkwood Sméagol Tree Ranger Elf Shadow Rider Meriadoc Ford Grishnákh Muil City Butterbur Westernesse Amroth Bifur Faramir Haldir Saruman Elrond Sauron Háma White Land Eye Guard Bofur Men Emyn Down Fangorn Rauros Cotton King Path Mountain Tirith Night Brandywine Far Rivendell Legolas Isengard Bywater Ungol Poor Wormtongue Beorn Smaug Amon North Farmer Almost separated! Contact points: Bilbo Baggins, Wild Forest
- 13. Summary ● Identified five major plot lines, including characters and locations ● Identified “most important” characters and locations ● Network as a navigational chart of the book ● Almost no reading involved! ● “The Lord of the Rings” ≠ “The Hobbit”