The abuse of drugs and chemicals among the young people is a silent pandemic which needs collective intervention. The young people are the pillar of development in the world over. The behavior of abusing drugs is seen as a fashionby the young people and effects has paralyzed the developmental milestones within communities. The aim of this research was to explore the insights of drugs and chemical abuse among the youth in Zimbabwe. The word chemicals has been used interchangeably with the word substance in this study. The study is a qualitative research which is backed with the descriptive research design. Data was collected from the young people from the age of 12 to 36 years through a purposive snow balling and convenience sample since taking of some drugs is a secrete act. Thematic content analysis was used to analyze data gathered from the participants who resides in Kadoma area. The study found that there are different factors which had forced the young to participate in the uptake of drugs which are poverty, peer pressure, lack parental guidance, experimentation, genetic dispossession and depression. The study also found that young people have moved from predominately abusing marijuana alone and jump to use complex substances such as bronclee ngoma , powder extracted from energy saver bulbs, mutoriro, mangemba, ital, tablets white, blue and pink pill , cocaine and mangemba. The research predicts that young people can use drugs to revolt against their elders due to the influence of drugs. It was recommended to put in place strict sanction to anyone found in possession with drugs. Brenda Palesa Makumbe | Prince Dzingirayi "The Insight of Young People toward Drugs and Chemical Abuse in Zimbabwe" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-6 | Issue-3 , April 2022, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd49908.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/social-science/49908/the-insight-of-young-people-toward-drugs-and-chemical-abuse-in-zimbabwe/brenda-palesa-makumbe
A prática do Cuckold é uma ação em que o esposo permite que a sua companheira transe com outro homem à sua vista; termo popular chamado de “Corno Manso”. Para alguns o comportamento pode ser classificado como fetiche; em termo geral não deixa de ser um comportamento depravado que vai piorando com o passar do tempo, tendo em vista que as pessoas estão aderindo todos os dias para essa prática, é como se a humanidade estivesse perdido o rumo das virtudes.
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FIGHTING THE EFFECTS OF DRUG ABUSE BY ADOLESCENTS: A CASE STUDY OF ZENGEZA 4 ...John1Lorcan
The main objective of the study was to identify the effects of drug use and abuse at Zengeza 4 High School in Chitungwiza, Zimbabwe. The research design for this study was a descriptive survey design. The study employed a mixed method approach. The study used interviews and surveys as data collection tools. The study revealed that poor academic performance, school drop-outs, early marriages, aggressive and violent behaviour are the major effects of drug use/abuse by adolescents in schools. The study recommended that both parents and teachers should strongly educate and encourage adolescents in school to desist from all forms of drug use or abuse for whatever reasons. Adolescents should always seek help from caregivers and parents whenever they face any life threatening situations
Social Media and Substance Abuse Implication for Preventive Strategies among ...ijtsrd
Adolescent substance abuse is a major problem all over the world. Substances are consumed by both male and female adolescents, and pose a serious threat to the consumers and the society as at large. The causes of substance abuse are numerous and varied. It is imperative to seek ways to curb this malice that is threatening the welfare of Cameroonians individually, economically and even socially. This study sets out to ascertain the extent to which the social media influence substance abuse among adolescents in urban schools in Cameroon, and to determine preventive strategies. The concurrent nested mixed method research design was used to carry out the study. The Simple Random sampling was adopted in the selection of public, mission and private schools from four regions of Cameroon, classrooms in each school and 375 students. Purposive sampling was used to select discipline masters and guidance counsellors. A questionnaire of 10 items was used to collect data from the students and an interview guide to collect data from the discipline masters and guidance counsellors. The hypotheses were tested at 0.05 level of significance using spearman rho test, through SPSS version 25.The findings showed that social media significantly predicted substance abuse among adolescent students R= 0.258 , P= 0.000 0.05 . Finally, findings showed that at zero order correlation when the preventive strategies were not involved in the correlation analysis, the coefficient value was 0.374 but, when the correlation was controlled by the preventive strategies, the coefficient value increased from 0.374 to 0.908 of almost a perfect relationship 1 . The study concluded that the social media influence drug abuse among adolescent students in urban schools in Cameroon. From the study it was recommended that research be carried out to determine the effects of drugs on students’ performance, health and the society. Chefuh Patricia Asoh | Dr. Bongwung Bruno "Social Media and Substance Abuse: Implication for Preventive Strategies among Adolescent Students in Urban Schools in Cameroon" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-6 | Issue-6 , October 2022, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd51927.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/education/51927/social-media-and-substance-abuse-implication-for-preventive-strategies-among-adolescent-students-in-urban-schools-in-cameroon/chefuh-patricia-asoh
An Evaluation of Drug Crime Nexus amongst Youths in Yobe State, Nigeriaijtsrd
The aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between drug abuse among youths and their involvement in criminal activities in Yobe State. The specific objectives of study are to identify the common types of drug abused by the youths in Yobe State to examine the nexus between drug abuse and crime in Yobe State and to provide the possible solutions to drug abuse among the youths in Yobe State. The study adopted differential association theory, which proposes that person becomes criminal because of a stronger exposure to law breakers than law abiding others in qualitative rather than quantitative terms. In other words, drug abuse is a function of association with drug addicts. Methodologically, the research is a survey research design, having both descriptive and explanatory research design because it explained the causal link between drug abuse and crime and described the influence of drug abuse on criminal activities among youths in Yobe State. A total of 504 sample size was selected through multi stage sampling method. Primary and secondary data sources were used. Questionnaire and interview were used as instruments of collecting the primary data and mixed method was used in analysing the data. The study finding indicated that drug abuse has strong connection with criminal activities in Yobe State. Most of the terrorist activities carried out by Boko Haram are under the influence of drug. The most common types of drugs used by the youths include Pharmaceutical opioids, tramadol, codeine and morphine. The study concluded that the availability of drugs abuse in the State have increased the rate of crimes in the area. However, the drugs do not cause crime but it facilitates and motivates young people to commit different types of crime. The possible solutions to drug abuse among youths in Yobe State include the involvement of policy makers, religious institution, the community members and the criminal justice system, parents or guardians, and teachers to fight drug abuse among youths. Dr. Bukar Jamri "An Evaluation of Drug-Crime Nexus amongst Youths in Yobe State, Nigeria" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-6 | Issue-5 , August 2022, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd50688.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/sociology/50688/an-evaluation-of-drugcrime-nexus-amongst-youths-in-yobe-state-nigeria/dr-bukar-jamri
A Study on Alcohol and Substance use among University Students in Edo State, ...ijtsrd
Alcohol and substance use has become rampant worldwide, with a high prevalence of its use within the university environment. Logically, implementing strict policies for controlling alcohol and other substance use is required to maintain optimum health for the general public. This study was conducted to assess alcohol and substance use among university students in Nigeria.METHOD Three hundred and forty participants took part in this study. A descriptive cross sectional survey was used. Data collection was done with a structured, self administered questionnaire. Data were analyzed with the statistical package for the social sciences SPSS 16.0 . Of the 340 respondents, 75.8 fall within the 20–29 age group, representing the largest age group of respondents. A more significant proportion had heard about alcohol and substance abuse 95 . The result showed that most students do not abuse drugs 67.6 . Friends influence was the determining factor for most who partook in alcohol and other substances.CONCLUSION Although the study showed that most respondents had good knowledge of alcohol and substance abuse, health education is still needed to prevent misuse of alcohol and substances. Evbayekha O. Endurance | Ohikhuai E. Evidence | Ofumwengbe-Evba Osaruyi "A Study on Alcohol and Substance use among University Students in Edo State, Nigeria" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-6 | Issue-4 , June 2022, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd50178.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/education/50178/a-study-on-alcohol-and-substance-use-among-university-students-in-edo-state-nigeria/evbayekha-o-endurance
A prática do Cuckold é uma ação em que o esposo permite que a sua companheira transe com outro homem à sua vista; termo popular chamado de “Corno Manso”. Para alguns o comportamento pode ser classificado como fetiche; em termo geral não deixa de ser um comportamento depravado que vai piorando com o passar do tempo, tendo em vista que as pessoas estão aderindo todos os dias para essa prática, é como se a humanidade estivesse perdido o rumo das virtudes.
Untuk file Docx/Office, Copy dan Paste-kan link --> http://fumacrom.com/2WUBc <-- ke Browser anda, tunggu 5 detik lalu klik Skip Ad (Sebelah Kanan Atas). Tunggu 15 detik selanjutnya klik Download File.
FIGHTING THE EFFECTS OF DRUG ABUSE BY ADOLESCENTS: A CASE STUDY OF ZENGEZA 4 ...John1Lorcan
The main objective of the study was to identify the effects of drug use and abuse at Zengeza 4 High School in Chitungwiza, Zimbabwe. The research design for this study was a descriptive survey design. The study employed a mixed method approach. The study used interviews and surveys as data collection tools. The study revealed that poor academic performance, school drop-outs, early marriages, aggressive and violent behaviour are the major effects of drug use/abuse by adolescents in schools. The study recommended that both parents and teachers should strongly educate and encourage adolescents in school to desist from all forms of drug use or abuse for whatever reasons. Adolescents should always seek help from caregivers and parents whenever they face any life threatening situations
Social Media and Substance Abuse Implication for Preventive Strategies among ...ijtsrd
Adolescent substance abuse is a major problem all over the world. Substances are consumed by both male and female adolescents, and pose a serious threat to the consumers and the society as at large. The causes of substance abuse are numerous and varied. It is imperative to seek ways to curb this malice that is threatening the welfare of Cameroonians individually, economically and even socially. This study sets out to ascertain the extent to which the social media influence substance abuse among adolescents in urban schools in Cameroon, and to determine preventive strategies. The concurrent nested mixed method research design was used to carry out the study. The Simple Random sampling was adopted in the selection of public, mission and private schools from four regions of Cameroon, classrooms in each school and 375 students. Purposive sampling was used to select discipline masters and guidance counsellors. A questionnaire of 10 items was used to collect data from the students and an interview guide to collect data from the discipline masters and guidance counsellors. The hypotheses were tested at 0.05 level of significance using spearman rho test, through SPSS version 25.The findings showed that social media significantly predicted substance abuse among adolescent students R= 0.258 , P= 0.000 0.05 . Finally, findings showed that at zero order correlation when the preventive strategies were not involved in the correlation analysis, the coefficient value was 0.374 but, when the correlation was controlled by the preventive strategies, the coefficient value increased from 0.374 to 0.908 of almost a perfect relationship 1 . The study concluded that the social media influence drug abuse among adolescent students in urban schools in Cameroon. From the study it was recommended that research be carried out to determine the effects of drugs on students’ performance, health and the society. Chefuh Patricia Asoh | Dr. Bongwung Bruno "Social Media and Substance Abuse: Implication for Preventive Strategies among Adolescent Students in Urban Schools in Cameroon" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-6 | Issue-6 , October 2022, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd51927.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/education/51927/social-media-and-substance-abuse-implication-for-preventive-strategies-among-adolescent-students-in-urban-schools-in-cameroon/chefuh-patricia-asoh
An Evaluation of Drug Crime Nexus amongst Youths in Yobe State, Nigeriaijtsrd
The aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between drug abuse among youths and their involvement in criminal activities in Yobe State. The specific objectives of study are to identify the common types of drug abused by the youths in Yobe State to examine the nexus between drug abuse and crime in Yobe State and to provide the possible solutions to drug abuse among the youths in Yobe State. The study adopted differential association theory, which proposes that person becomes criminal because of a stronger exposure to law breakers than law abiding others in qualitative rather than quantitative terms. In other words, drug abuse is a function of association with drug addicts. Methodologically, the research is a survey research design, having both descriptive and explanatory research design because it explained the causal link between drug abuse and crime and described the influence of drug abuse on criminal activities among youths in Yobe State. A total of 504 sample size was selected through multi stage sampling method. Primary and secondary data sources were used. Questionnaire and interview were used as instruments of collecting the primary data and mixed method was used in analysing the data. The study finding indicated that drug abuse has strong connection with criminal activities in Yobe State. Most of the terrorist activities carried out by Boko Haram are under the influence of drug. The most common types of drugs used by the youths include Pharmaceutical opioids, tramadol, codeine and morphine. The study concluded that the availability of drugs abuse in the State have increased the rate of crimes in the area. However, the drugs do not cause crime but it facilitates and motivates young people to commit different types of crime. The possible solutions to drug abuse among youths in Yobe State include the involvement of policy makers, religious institution, the community members and the criminal justice system, parents or guardians, and teachers to fight drug abuse among youths. Dr. Bukar Jamri "An Evaluation of Drug-Crime Nexus amongst Youths in Yobe State, Nigeria" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-6 | Issue-5 , August 2022, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd50688.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/sociology/50688/an-evaluation-of-drugcrime-nexus-amongst-youths-in-yobe-state-nigeria/dr-bukar-jamri
A Study on Alcohol and Substance use among University Students in Edo State, ...ijtsrd
Alcohol and substance use has become rampant worldwide, with a high prevalence of its use within the university environment. Logically, implementing strict policies for controlling alcohol and other substance use is required to maintain optimum health for the general public. This study was conducted to assess alcohol and substance use among university students in Nigeria.METHOD Three hundred and forty participants took part in this study. A descriptive cross sectional survey was used. Data collection was done with a structured, self administered questionnaire. Data were analyzed with the statistical package for the social sciences SPSS 16.0 . Of the 340 respondents, 75.8 fall within the 20–29 age group, representing the largest age group of respondents. A more significant proportion had heard about alcohol and substance abuse 95 . The result showed that most students do not abuse drugs 67.6 . Friends influence was the determining factor for most who partook in alcohol and other substances.CONCLUSION Although the study showed that most respondents had good knowledge of alcohol and substance abuse, health education is still needed to prevent misuse of alcohol and substances. Evbayekha O. Endurance | Ohikhuai E. Evidence | Ofumwengbe-Evba Osaruyi "A Study on Alcohol and Substance use among University Students in Edo State, Nigeria" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-6 | Issue-4 , June 2022, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd50178.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/education/50178/a-study-on-alcohol-and-substance-use-among-university-students-in-edo-state-nigeria/evbayekha-o-endurance
Teenagers Use of Hard Drugs and Mental Health Problems in Bayelsa State, a Ca...YogeshIJTSRD
This study examined the use of hard drugs and mental problems among teenagers in Yenagoa, Bayelsa state A survey of the Nigerian Correctional Service, Okaka. The study was guided by four objectives and four corresponding research questions. The study adopted Durkheims theory. The research design adopted for this study was a descriptive survey. The population of the study consists of 350 Nigerian Prison personnel and 250 inmates from OkakaYenagoa Correctional Centre making a total of 550. Nigerian Prison Service Bulletin, 2021 . A sample size of two hundred and thirty two 232 representing 38 of the population was selected through a simple random sampling technique. The instrument used for this study was a researcher designed structure questionnaire. Percentages were used to describe the demographic characteristics of the respondents and research questions. Findings revealed that there was a great awareness of the ills of using hard drugs and some typology of hard drugs. Therefore, the following recommendations were made the government at all levels should effectively enforce rules and regulations guiding the consumption of hard drugs in Bayelsa state. The family institution should be properly planned and organized to operate at a measurable level of socio economic status where the basic needs of man can be provided by parents to avoid addictive lifestyle. Oyeinfie E. Jonjon "Teenagers Use of Hard Drugs and Mental Health Problems in Bayelsa State, a Case Study of Okaka Correctional Service Centre" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-3 , April 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd41084.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/sociology/41084/teenagers-use-of-hard-drugs-and-mental-health-problems-in-bayelsa-state-a-case-study-of-okaka-correctional-service-centre/oyeinfie-e-jonjon
Illegal Drug Problem in the City of Ormoc As Perceived By User and Non-User R...inventionjournals
The study was conducted primarily to: describe the socio-demographic characteristics of user and non-user respondents; determine the reasons for engaging in illegal drugs among user respondents; document local and national ordinances enacted against illegal drug users; and identify the programs implemented by government and non-government organizations to make the City of Ormoc a drug-free community. The results of the study revealed that the mean age of the illegal drug users was 22 years old. Majority of them were males whose income fell below P10,000.00 in the form of allowance. They were aware of the illegality of the drugs used. Marijuana was the dominant drug abused. Influence of Peers and Curiosity were the topmost reasons why they got into drugs due to misinformation and assurance from friends who claim to have enjoyed the experience as perceived by the respondents. Among the National and Local Ordinances enacted against illegal drugs users in the City of Ormoc were: the implementation of RA 9165 – Dangerous Drugs Act of 2002; LOI 36/97: ALPHA BANAT (Barangay Against Narcotics Abusers and Traffickers) and Information dissemination of the ill effects of drugs through the Barangay Anti-Drug Abuse Counsel (BADAC).
Household Demographic Predictors of Drug and Substance Abuse among High Schoo...Premier Publishers
Purpose: The accessibility, affordability, and consumption of abused drugs by the youths have attracted great concern among public health personnel. This descriptive cross-sectional study investigated household demographic predictors of drugs and substance abuse among high school students in Kisumu East Sub-County, Kisumu County.
Methods: Sample size of 434 was calculated using Yamane formula and the participants selected through Snow ball, random, cluster and stratified sampling. Descriptive data was summarized using tables while inferential statistic done using Chi square and logistic regression. Data collection done through observation and semi- structured questionnaires. P value <0.05 was considered statistically significant.
Results: Overall, 219 (61.17%) students reported to have engaged in drug and illicit substance abuse with higher proportion reported among the Christians as compared to Islamic and Hinduism. Religion, Parental / guardian’s level of education and the person living with the student were found to significantly predict the abuse of drug and illicit substance among high school students (p<0.05).
Conclusion: Drug and illicit substance abuse remains a major public health problem among all age groups worldwide with several negative impacts. Due to its magnitude, it calls for concerted multi-sectorial effort by all stakeholders for the dream of drug free world to be achieved.
Recent studies have revealed common risk factors for adolescent drug abuse and deliquency. The relationship between substance abuse and juvenile deliquency sketches a bleak portrait of juvenile justice system overwhelmed by drug and alcohol abusing and addicted 10 "“ to -17- years old. Juvenile crime is one of the nation' serious problems. Government policy on juvenile deliquency must often struggle with the balance of concern over the healthy developments of children and adolescents who violate the law and public desire to punish the criminals. Neverthless, children and adolescents who commit criminal acts must be educated and supported in a growth process. A number of cognitive and social features of childhood and adolescene influence the context of juvenile crime policy. They were likely to have been neglected and abuse by parents. Many had grown up in impoverished and dangerous neighborhoods. Schools, teachers, and administrators had been unable to engage them. The provider' had failed to diagnose their problems. It further gives the high rate of drug use among deliquents, drug-abuse intervention and treatment programs clearly needed for deliquent populations. This paper explores the linking about adolescent drug ue and deliquency, distinguihing factors, implications for preventions and treatment. Simran Chhallani"Juvenile and the Abuse" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-2 | Issue-5 , August 2018, URL: http://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd17027.pdf http://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/other/17027/juvenile-and-the-abuse/simran-chhallani
Running head DRUG ABUSE AND ADDICTION1DRUG ABUSE AND ADDICTION.docxjeanettehully
Running head: DRUG ABUSE AND ADDICTION 1
DRUG ABUSE AND ADDICTION 6
Drug Abuse and Addiction
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Public Safety Issue: Drug Abuse and Addiction
Public safety issue refers to any problem which threatens the wellbeing of people and prosperity of communities. A solution to such challenges is crucial in order to ensure that safety of people is protected and safeguarded. The issue of drug abuse and concern among school going teenagers has become a major problem in United States. According to a survey conducted by Monitoring the Future (MTF), on average, 29 percent of the school kids between grades 8, 10, and 12 were found to be using drugs. This has raised a major concern that requires the government to work closely with relevant public safety organizations in order to contain this issue.
Research Topic: The Importance of Introducing Drug Abuse Unit in The Curriculum of the American Education System
Overview
According to findings of Monitoring the Future survey released in 2018, there is a significant increase in number of school going youths engaging in drug abuse activities. Marijuana, opioid abuse, alcohol, synthetic drugs, tobacco, and nicotine are among the top drugs and substances abused by teenagers and school going kids. These statistics are alarming since they present one of the major challenge to the wellbeing and prosperity of the future generation. Many anti-drug abuse and addiction organizations such as National Institutes on Health (NIH), Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA), and National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA) have been working relentlessly to curb this rising level of drug abuse and addiction among teenagers. Despite all the efforts by these organizations, their programs have failed to achieve any substantial success as far the fight against drug abuse and addiction among teenagers is concerned. This research is aimed at exploring the relevant literature from books, peer-reviewed journals, publications, and other academic effort in the effort to present the dire need to integrate drug abuse into the curriculum of the American education system. The findings of the research will be a boost to the government and other public safety organizations in the fight against drug abuse and addiction among teenagers and school going youths.
Annotated Bibliography
Duncan, D. T., Palamar, J. J., & Williams, J. H. (2014). Perceived neighborhood illicit drug selling, peer illicit drug disapproval and illicit drug use among US high school seniors. Substance abuse treatment, prevention, and policy, 9(1), 35.
The paper explores the problem of marijuana use among the students in U.S. high schools. Notably, more than 45.5 percent of the respondents revealed that they have used marijuana once on their lifetime while the other 36.4 percent revealing that they have used marijuana in the last one year. Additionally, another 22.7 percent of the respondents noting that they have been consta ...
This critical analysis explores the impact of substance abuse in America at both a global and local level. Topics of societal stigma, personal bias and drug decriminalization are among the topics explored.
How did we get here the evolving epidemic of addictive disease in the united ...Mrsunny4
The opioid crisis in the US is part of the larger epidemic of Substance Use Disorder, an equal opportunity brain disease, affecting over 40 million children, teens and adults. Addiction does not respect age, gender, ethnicity, income or zip code
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Only scholar authors. Response has to be 1 paragraph and references.docxamit657720
Only scholar authors. Response has to be 1 paragraph and references are needed.
Response 1
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According to (Mcenroe-Petitte 2020) shows in 2018, 64.8 percent of 552,830 homeless individuals reside within a homeless shelter, within a supportive service that lasts for a course of 2 years. Additional research was done across all age groups in 2016 distinguished the difference between sheltered and unsheltered homeless individuals. Unsheltered individuals are usually found in the street, residing in vehicles, and in parks are more likely to be white while the emergency shelter is Black. Researchers show the highest rate of homelessness is found in California, New York, Florida, and Texas.
One of the barriers for the homeless population in Florida is obtaining medical care and filing prescription medications due to lack of insurance. For the homeless population faces many conditions, from HIV/AIDS, Substance abuse, and various communicable diseases such as TB and hepatitis. Hepatitis A requires a specific healthcare plan that is not always attainable by the homeless population. Often the homeless population seeks healthcare aides from the emergency department.
Per (Mcenroe-Petitte 2020) shows that” Although Medicaid and the Affordable Care Act may qualify people who are homeless for specific services, certain states may not recognize coverage or may limit its availability. Not having access to insurance can make having a communicable disease like hepatitis A and treating the sickness be difficult for a homeless individual. Many, obstacles can alter the care of a homeless patient, such as waiting for an extreme case of sickness prior to getting aid, other factors can be having access to transportation and covering the cost of a prescription.
In conclusion at the present time, there is one federally funded program, Health Care for the Homeless (HCH) many states can use the program for resources. Treating homelessness has a whole, is having an answer for different issues that community face versus one size fits all approach would help put an end to not only homelessness as well as Hepatitis A.
Response 2:
As noted in the previous discussion, my practicum projects focus on the prevention of substance abuse among adolescents in Tucson, Arizona. It is the second-largest city in Arizona after Pheonix. Adolescence is a transitional, developmental phase with a marked shift in behavior, mainly as related to risk-taking and experimentation. Genetic influences on adolescent behavior show marked changes across this developmental period. The developmental period of adolescence is characterized growth spurt, brain development, sexual maturation and identity (Dick, Adkins & Kuo, 2016).
Like other health issues, alcohol use can be linked to a complex array ranging from an individual level that is related to population-level of cultural and societal factors. The most common form of risk behavior among this group is the use of alcohol, which .
‘Six Sigma Technique’ A Journey Through its Implementationijtsrd
The manufacturing industries all over the world are facing tough challenges for growth, development and sustainability in today’s competitive environment. They have to achieve apex position by adapting with the global competitive environment by delivering goods and services at low cost, prime quality and better price to increase wealth and consumer satisfaction. Cost Management ensures profit, growth and sustainability of the business with implementation of Continuous Improvement Technique like Six Sigma. This leads to optimize Business performance. The method drives for customer satisfaction, low variation, reduction in waste and cycle time resulting into a competitive advantage over other industries which did not implement it. The main objective of this paper ‘Six Sigma Technique A Journey Through Its Implementation’ is to conceptualize the effectiveness of Six Sigma Technique through the journey of its implementation. Aditi Sunilkumar Ghosalkar "‘Six Sigma Technique’: A Journey Through its Implementation" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64546.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/other-scientific-research-area/other/64546/‘six-sigma-technique’-a-journey-through-its-implementation/aditi-sunilkumar-ghosalkar
Edge Computing in Space Enhancing Data Processing and Communication for Space...ijtsrd
Edge computing, a paradigm that involves processing data closer to its source, has gained significant attention for its potential to revolutionize data processing and communication in space missions. With the increasing complexity and data volume generated by modern space missions, traditional centralized computing approaches face challenges related to latency, bandwidth, and security. Edge computing in space, involving on board processing and analysis of data, offers promising solutions to these challenges. This paper explores the concept of edge computing in space, its benefits, applications, and future prospects in enhancing space missions. Manish Verma "Edge Computing in Space: Enhancing Data Processing and Communication for Space Missions" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64541.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/computer-science/artificial-intelligence/64541/edge-computing-in-space-enhancing-data-processing-and-communication-for-space-missions/manish-verma
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Teenagers Use of Hard Drugs and Mental Health Problems in Bayelsa State, a Ca...YogeshIJTSRD
This study examined the use of hard drugs and mental problems among teenagers in Yenagoa, Bayelsa state A survey of the Nigerian Correctional Service, Okaka. The study was guided by four objectives and four corresponding research questions. The study adopted Durkheims theory. The research design adopted for this study was a descriptive survey. The population of the study consists of 350 Nigerian Prison personnel and 250 inmates from OkakaYenagoa Correctional Centre making a total of 550. Nigerian Prison Service Bulletin, 2021 . A sample size of two hundred and thirty two 232 representing 38 of the population was selected through a simple random sampling technique. The instrument used for this study was a researcher designed structure questionnaire. Percentages were used to describe the demographic characteristics of the respondents and research questions. Findings revealed that there was a great awareness of the ills of using hard drugs and some typology of hard drugs. Therefore, the following recommendations were made the government at all levels should effectively enforce rules and regulations guiding the consumption of hard drugs in Bayelsa state. The family institution should be properly planned and organized to operate at a measurable level of socio economic status where the basic needs of man can be provided by parents to avoid addictive lifestyle. Oyeinfie E. Jonjon "Teenagers Use of Hard Drugs and Mental Health Problems in Bayelsa State, a Case Study of Okaka Correctional Service Centre" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-3 , April 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd41084.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/sociology/41084/teenagers-use-of-hard-drugs-and-mental-health-problems-in-bayelsa-state-a-case-study-of-okaka-correctional-service-centre/oyeinfie-e-jonjon
Illegal Drug Problem in the City of Ormoc As Perceived By User and Non-User R...inventionjournals
The study was conducted primarily to: describe the socio-demographic characteristics of user and non-user respondents; determine the reasons for engaging in illegal drugs among user respondents; document local and national ordinances enacted against illegal drug users; and identify the programs implemented by government and non-government organizations to make the City of Ormoc a drug-free community. The results of the study revealed that the mean age of the illegal drug users was 22 years old. Majority of them were males whose income fell below P10,000.00 in the form of allowance. They were aware of the illegality of the drugs used. Marijuana was the dominant drug abused. Influence of Peers and Curiosity were the topmost reasons why they got into drugs due to misinformation and assurance from friends who claim to have enjoyed the experience as perceived by the respondents. Among the National and Local Ordinances enacted against illegal drugs users in the City of Ormoc were: the implementation of RA 9165 – Dangerous Drugs Act of 2002; LOI 36/97: ALPHA BANAT (Barangay Against Narcotics Abusers and Traffickers) and Information dissemination of the ill effects of drugs through the Barangay Anti-Drug Abuse Counsel (BADAC).
Household Demographic Predictors of Drug and Substance Abuse among High Schoo...Premier Publishers
Purpose: The accessibility, affordability, and consumption of abused drugs by the youths have attracted great concern among public health personnel. This descriptive cross-sectional study investigated household demographic predictors of drugs and substance abuse among high school students in Kisumu East Sub-County, Kisumu County.
Methods: Sample size of 434 was calculated using Yamane formula and the participants selected through Snow ball, random, cluster and stratified sampling. Descriptive data was summarized using tables while inferential statistic done using Chi square and logistic regression. Data collection done through observation and semi- structured questionnaires. P value <0.05 was considered statistically significant.
Results: Overall, 219 (61.17%) students reported to have engaged in drug and illicit substance abuse with higher proportion reported among the Christians as compared to Islamic and Hinduism. Religion, Parental / guardian’s level of education and the person living with the student were found to significantly predict the abuse of drug and illicit substance among high school students (p<0.05).
Conclusion: Drug and illicit substance abuse remains a major public health problem among all age groups worldwide with several negative impacts. Due to its magnitude, it calls for concerted multi-sectorial effort by all stakeholders for the dream of drug free world to be achieved.
Recent studies have revealed common risk factors for adolescent drug abuse and deliquency. The relationship between substance abuse and juvenile deliquency sketches a bleak portrait of juvenile justice system overwhelmed by drug and alcohol abusing and addicted 10 "“ to -17- years old. Juvenile crime is one of the nation' serious problems. Government policy on juvenile deliquency must often struggle with the balance of concern over the healthy developments of children and adolescents who violate the law and public desire to punish the criminals. Neverthless, children and adolescents who commit criminal acts must be educated and supported in a growth process. A number of cognitive and social features of childhood and adolescene influence the context of juvenile crime policy. They were likely to have been neglected and abuse by parents. Many had grown up in impoverished and dangerous neighborhoods. Schools, teachers, and administrators had been unable to engage them. The provider' had failed to diagnose their problems. It further gives the high rate of drug use among deliquents, drug-abuse intervention and treatment programs clearly needed for deliquent populations. This paper explores the linking about adolescent drug ue and deliquency, distinguihing factors, implications for preventions and treatment. Simran Chhallani"Juvenile and the Abuse" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-2 | Issue-5 , August 2018, URL: http://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd17027.pdf http://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/other/17027/juvenile-and-the-abuse/simran-chhallani
Running head DRUG ABUSE AND ADDICTION1DRUG ABUSE AND ADDICTION.docxjeanettehully
Running head: DRUG ABUSE AND ADDICTION 1
DRUG ABUSE AND ADDICTION 6
Drug Abuse and Addiction
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Public Safety Issue: Drug Abuse and Addiction
Public safety issue refers to any problem which threatens the wellbeing of people and prosperity of communities. A solution to such challenges is crucial in order to ensure that safety of people is protected and safeguarded. The issue of drug abuse and concern among school going teenagers has become a major problem in United States. According to a survey conducted by Monitoring the Future (MTF), on average, 29 percent of the school kids between grades 8, 10, and 12 were found to be using drugs. This has raised a major concern that requires the government to work closely with relevant public safety organizations in order to contain this issue.
Research Topic: The Importance of Introducing Drug Abuse Unit in The Curriculum of the American Education System
Overview
According to findings of Monitoring the Future survey released in 2018, there is a significant increase in number of school going youths engaging in drug abuse activities. Marijuana, opioid abuse, alcohol, synthetic drugs, tobacco, and nicotine are among the top drugs and substances abused by teenagers and school going kids. These statistics are alarming since they present one of the major challenge to the wellbeing and prosperity of the future generation. Many anti-drug abuse and addiction organizations such as National Institutes on Health (NIH), Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA), and National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA) have been working relentlessly to curb this rising level of drug abuse and addiction among teenagers. Despite all the efforts by these organizations, their programs have failed to achieve any substantial success as far the fight against drug abuse and addiction among teenagers is concerned. This research is aimed at exploring the relevant literature from books, peer-reviewed journals, publications, and other academic effort in the effort to present the dire need to integrate drug abuse into the curriculum of the American education system. The findings of the research will be a boost to the government and other public safety organizations in the fight against drug abuse and addiction among teenagers and school going youths.
Annotated Bibliography
Duncan, D. T., Palamar, J. J., & Williams, J. H. (2014). Perceived neighborhood illicit drug selling, peer illicit drug disapproval and illicit drug use among US high school seniors. Substance abuse treatment, prevention, and policy, 9(1), 35.
The paper explores the problem of marijuana use among the students in U.S. high schools. Notably, more than 45.5 percent of the respondents revealed that they have used marijuana once on their lifetime while the other 36.4 percent revealing that they have used marijuana in the last one year. Additionally, another 22.7 percent of the respondents noting that they have been consta ...
This critical analysis explores the impact of substance abuse in America at both a global and local level. Topics of societal stigma, personal bias and drug decriminalization are among the topics explored.
How did we get here the evolving epidemic of addictive disease in the united ...Mrsunny4
The opioid crisis in the US is part of the larger epidemic of Substance Use Disorder, an equal opportunity brain disease, affecting over 40 million children, teens and adults. Addiction does not respect age, gender, ethnicity, income or zip code
Get your quality homework help now and stand out.Our professional writers are committed to excellence. We have trained the best scholars in different fields of study.Contact us now at premiumessays.net and place your order at affordable price done within set deadlines.We always have someone online ready to answer all your queries and take your requests.
Only scholar authors. Response has to be 1 paragraph and references.docxamit657720
Only scholar authors. Response has to be 1 paragraph and references are needed.
Response 1
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According to (Mcenroe-Petitte 2020) shows in 2018, 64.8 percent of 552,830 homeless individuals reside within a homeless shelter, within a supportive service that lasts for a course of 2 years. Additional research was done across all age groups in 2016 distinguished the difference between sheltered and unsheltered homeless individuals. Unsheltered individuals are usually found in the street, residing in vehicles, and in parks are more likely to be white while the emergency shelter is Black. Researchers show the highest rate of homelessness is found in California, New York, Florida, and Texas.
One of the barriers for the homeless population in Florida is obtaining medical care and filing prescription medications due to lack of insurance. For the homeless population faces many conditions, from HIV/AIDS, Substance abuse, and various communicable diseases such as TB and hepatitis. Hepatitis A requires a specific healthcare plan that is not always attainable by the homeless population. Often the homeless population seeks healthcare aides from the emergency department.
Per (Mcenroe-Petitte 2020) shows that” Although Medicaid and the Affordable Care Act may qualify people who are homeless for specific services, certain states may not recognize coverage or may limit its availability. Not having access to insurance can make having a communicable disease like hepatitis A and treating the sickness be difficult for a homeless individual. Many, obstacles can alter the care of a homeless patient, such as waiting for an extreme case of sickness prior to getting aid, other factors can be having access to transportation and covering the cost of a prescription.
In conclusion at the present time, there is one federally funded program, Health Care for the Homeless (HCH) many states can use the program for resources. Treating homelessness has a whole, is having an answer for different issues that community face versus one size fits all approach would help put an end to not only homelessness as well as Hepatitis A.
Response 2:
As noted in the previous discussion, my practicum projects focus on the prevention of substance abuse among adolescents in Tucson, Arizona. It is the second-largest city in Arizona after Pheonix. Adolescence is a transitional, developmental phase with a marked shift in behavior, mainly as related to risk-taking and experimentation. Genetic influences on adolescent behavior show marked changes across this developmental period. The developmental period of adolescence is characterized growth spurt, brain development, sexual maturation and identity (Dick, Adkins & Kuo, 2016).
Like other health issues, alcohol use can be linked to a complex array ranging from an individual level that is related to population-level of cultural and societal factors. The most common form of risk behavior among this group is the use of alcohol, which .
Similar to The Insight of Young People toward Drugs and Chemical Abuse in Zimbabwe (20)
‘Six Sigma Technique’ A Journey Through its Implementationijtsrd
The manufacturing industries all over the world are facing tough challenges for growth, development and sustainability in today’s competitive environment. They have to achieve apex position by adapting with the global competitive environment by delivering goods and services at low cost, prime quality and better price to increase wealth and consumer satisfaction. Cost Management ensures profit, growth and sustainability of the business with implementation of Continuous Improvement Technique like Six Sigma. This leads to optimize Business performance. The method drives for customer satisfaction, low variation, reduction in waste and cycle time resulting into a competitive advantage over other industries which did not implement it. The main objective of this paper ‘Six Sigma Technique A Journey Through Its Implementation’ is to conceptualize the effectiveness of Six Sigma Technique through the journey of its implementation. Aditi Sunilkumar Ghosalkar "‘Six Sigma Technique’: A Journey Through its Implementation" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64546.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/other-scientific-research-area/other/64546/‘six-sigma-technique’-a-journey-through-its-implementation/aditi-sunilkumar-ghosalkar
Edge Computing in Space Enhancing Data Processing and Communication for Space...ijtsrd
Edge computing, a paradigm that involves processing data closer to its source, has gained significant attention for its potential to revolutionize data processing and communication in space missions. With the increasing complexity and data volume generated by modern space missions, traditional centralized computing approaches face challenges related to latency, bandwidth, and security. Edge computing in space, involving on board processing and analysis of data, offers promising solutions to these challenges. This paper explores the concept of edge computing in space, its benefits, applications, and future prospects in enhancing space missions. Manish Verma "Edge Computing in Space: Enhancing Data Processing and Communication for Space Missions" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64541.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/computer-science/artificial-intelligence/64541/edge-computing-in-space-enhancing-data-processing-and-communication-for-space-missions/manish-verma
Dynamics of Communal Politics in 21st Century India Challenges and Prospectsijtsrd
Communal politics in India has evolved through centuries, weaving a complex tapestry shaped by historical legacies, colonial influences, and contemporary socio political transformations. This research comprehensively examines the dynamics of communal politics in 21st century India, emphasizing its historical roots, socio political dynamics, economic implications, challenges, and prospects for mitigation. The historical perspective unravels the intricate interplay of religious identities and power dynamics from ancient civilizations to the impact of colonial rule, providing insights into the evolution of communalism. The socio political dynamics section delves into the contemporary manifestations, exploring the roles of identity politics, socio economic disparities, and globalization. The economic implications section highlights how communal politics intersects with economic issues, perpetuating disparities and influencing resource allocation. Challenges posed by communal politics are scrutinized, revealing multifaceted issues ranging from social fragmentation to threats against democratic values. The prospects for mitigation present a multifaceted approach, incorporating policy interventions, community engagement, and educational initiatives. The paper conducts a comparative analysis with international examples, identifying common patterns such as identity politics and economic disparities. It also examines unique challenges, emphasizing Indias diverse religious landscape, historical legacy, and secular framework. Lessons for effective strategies are drawn from international experiences, offering insights into inclusive policies, interfaith dialogue, media regulation, and global cooperation. By scrutinizing historical epochs, contemporary dynamics, economic implications, and international comparisons, this research provides a comprehensive understanding of communal politics in India. The proposed strategies for mitigation underscore the importance of a holistic approach to foster social harmony, inclusivity, and democratic values. Rose Hossain "Dynamics of Communal Politics in 21st Century India: Challenges and Prospects" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64528.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/history/64528/dynamics-of-communal-politics-in-21st-century-india-challenges-and-prospects/rose-hossain
Assess Perspective and Knowledge of Healthcare Providers Towards Elehealth in...ijtsrd
Background and Objective Telehealth has become a well known tool for the delivery of health care in Saudi Arabia, and the perspective and knowledge of healthcare providers are influential in the implementation, adoption and advancement of the method. This systematic review was conducted to examine the current literature base regarding telehealth and the related healthcare professional perspective and knowledge in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Materials and Methods This systematic review was conducted by searching 7 databases including, MEDLINE, CINHAL, Web of Science, Scopus, PubMed, PsycINFO, and ProQuest Central. Studies on healthcare practitioners telehealth knowledge and perspectives published in English in Saudi Arabia from 2000 to 2023 were included. Boland directed this comprehensive review. The researchers examined each connected study using the AXIS tool, which evaluates cross sectional systematic reviews. Narrative synthesis was used to summarise and convey the data. Results Out of 1840 search results, 10 studies were included. Positive outlook and limited knowledge among providers were seen across trials. Healthcare professionals like telehealth for its ability to improve quality, access, and delivery, save time and money, and be successful. Age, gender, occupation, and work experience also affect health workers knowledge. In Saudi Arabia, healthcare professionals face inadequate expert assistance, patient privacy, internet connection concerns, lack of training courses, lack of telehealth understanding, and high costs while performing telemedicine. Conclusions Healthcare practitioners telehealth perceptions and knowledge were examined in this systematic study. Its collection of concerned experts different personal attitudes and expertise would help enhance telehealths implementation in Saudi Arabia, develop its healthcare delivery alternative, and eliminate frequent problems. Badriah Mousa I Mulayhi | Dr. Jomin George | Judy Jenkins "Assess Perspective and Knowledge of Healthcare Providers Towards Elehealth in Saudi Arabia: A Systematic Review" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64535.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/medicine/other/64535/assess-perspective-and-knowledge-of-healthcare-providers-towards-elehealth-in-saudi-arabia-a-systematic-review/badriah-mousa-i-mulayhi
The Impact of Digital Media on the Decentralization of Power and the Erosion ...ijtsrd
The impact of digital media on the distribution of power and the weakening of traditional gatekeepers has gained considerable attention in recent years. The adoption of digital technologies and the internet has resulted in declining influence and power for traditional gatekeepers such as publishing houses and news organizations. Simultaneously, digital media has facilitated the emergence of new voices and players in the media industry. Digital medias impact on power decentralization and gatekeeper erosion is visible in several ways. One significant aspect is the democratization of information, which enables anyone with an internet connection to publish and share content globally, leading to citizen journalism and bypassing traditional gatekeepers. Another aspect is the disruption of conventional media industry business models, as traditional organizations struggle to adjust to the decrease in advertising revenue and the rise of digital platforms. Alternative business models, such as subscription models and crowdfunding, have become more prevalent, leading to the emergence of new players. Overall, the impact of digital media on the distribution of power and the weakening of traditional gatekeepers has brought about significant changes in the media landscape and the way information is shared. Further research is required to fully comprehend the implications of these changes and their impact on society. Dr. Kusum Lata "The Impact of Digital Media on the Decentralization of Power and the Erosion of Traditional Gatekeepers" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64544.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/political-science/64544/the-impact-of-digital-media-on-the-decentralization-of-power-and-the-erosion-of-traditional-gatekeepers/dr-kusum-lata
Online Voices, Offline Impact Ambedkars Ideals and Socio Political Inclusion ...ijtsrd
This research investigates the nexus between online discussions on Dr. B.R. Ambedkars ideals and their impact on social inclusion among college students in Gurugram, Haryana. Surveying 240 students from 12 government colleges, findings indicate that 65 actively engage in online discussions, with 80 demonstrating moderate to high awareness of Ambedkars ideals. Statistically significant correlations reveal that higher online engagement correlates with increased awareness p 0.05 and perceived social inclusion. Variations across colleges and a notable effect of college type on perceived social inclusion highlight the influence of contextual factors. Furthermore, the intersectional analysis underscores nuanced differences based on gender, caste, and socio economic status. Dr. Kusum Lata "Online Voices, Offline Impact: Ambedkar's Ideals and Socio-Political Inclusion - A Study of Gurugram District" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64543.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/political-science/64543/online-voices-offline-impact-ambedkars-ideals-and-sociopolitical-inclusion--a-study-of-gurugram-district/dr-kusum-lata
Problems and Challenges of Agro Entreprenurship A Studyijtsrd
Noting calls for contextualizing Agro entrepreneurs problems and challenges of the agro entrepreneurs and for greater attention to the Role of entrepreneurs in agro entrepreneurship research, we conduct a systematic literature review of extent research in agriculture entrepreneurship to overcome the study objectives of complications of agro entrepreneurs through various factors, Development of agriculture products is a key factor for the overall economic growth of agro entrepreneurs Agro Entrepreneurs produces firsthand large scale employment, utilizes the labor and natural resources, This research outlines the problems of Weather and Soil Erosions, Market price fluctuation, stimulates labor cost problems, reduces concentration of Price volatility, Dependency on Intermediaries, induces Limited Bargaining Power, and Storage and Transportation Costs. This paper mainly devoted to highlight Problems and challenges faced for the sustainable of Agro Entrepreneurs in India. Vinay Prasad B "Problems and Challenges of Agro Entreprenurship - A Study" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64540.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/other-scientific-research-area/other/64540/problems-and-challenges-of-agro-entreprenurship--a-study/vinay-prasad-b
Comparative Analysis of Total Corporate Disclosure of Selected IT Companies o...ijtsrd
Disclosure is a process through which a business enterprise communicates with external parties. A corporate disclosure is communication of financial and non financial information of the activities of a business enterprise to the interested entities. Corporate disclosure is done through publishing annual reports. So corporate disclosure through annual reports plays a vital role in the life of all the companies and provides valuable information to investors. The basic objectives of corporate disclosure is to give a true and fair view of companies to the parties related either directly or indirectly like owner, government, creditors, shareholders etc. in the companies act, provisions have been made about mandatory and voluntary disclosure. The IT sector in India is rapidly growing, the trend to invest in the IT sector is rising and employment opportunities in IT sectors are also increasing. Therefore the IT sector is expected to have fair, full and adequate disclosure of all information. Unfair and incomplete disclosure may adversely affect the entire economy. A research study on disclosure practices of IT companies could play an important role in this regard. Hence, the present research study has been done to study and review comparative analysis of total corporate disclosure of selected IT companies of India and to put forward overall findings and suggestions with a view to increase disclosure score of these companies. The researcher hopes that the present research study will be helpful to all selected Companies for improving level of corporate disclosure through annual reports as well as the government, creditors, investors, all business organizations and upcoming researcher for comparative analyses of level of corporate disclosure with special reference to selected IT companies. Dr. Vaibhavi D. Thaker "Comparative Analysis of Total Corporate Disclosure of Selected IT Companies of India" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64539.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/other-scientific-research-area/other/64539/comparative-analysis-of-total-corporate-disclosure-of-selected-it-companies-of-india/dr-vaibhavi-d-thaker
The Impact of Educational Background and Professional Training on Human Right...ijtsrd
This study investigated the impact of educational background and professional training on human rights awareness among secondary school teachers in the Marathwada region of Maharashtra, India. The key findings reveal that higher levels of education, particularly a master’s degree, and fields of study related to education, humanities, or social sciences are associated with greater human rights awareness among teachers. Additionally, both pre service teacher training and in service professional development programs focused on human rights education significantly enhance teacher’s knowledge, skills, and competencies in promoting human rights principles in their classrooms. Baig Ameer Bee Mirza Abdul Aziz | Dr. Syed Azaz Ali Amjad Ali "The Impact of Educational Background and Professional Training on Human Rights Awareness among Secondary School Teachers" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64529.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/education/64529/the-impact-of-educational-background-and-professional-training-on-human-rights-awareness-among-secondary-school-teachers/baig-ameer-bee-mirza-abdul-aziz
A Study on the Effective Teaching Learning Process in English Curriculum at t...ijtsrd
“One Language sets you in a corridor for life. Two languages open every door along the way” Frank Smith English as a foreign language or as a second language has been ruling in India since the period of Lord Macaulay. But the question is how much we teach or learn English properly in our culture. Is there any scope to use English as a language rather than a subject How much we learn or teach English without any interference of mother language specially in the classroom teaching learning scenario in West Bengal By considering all these issues the researcher has attempted in this article to focus on the effective teaching learning process comparing to other traditional strategies in the field of English curriculum at the secondary level to investigate whether they fulfill the present teaching learning requirements or not by examining the validity of the present curriculum of English. The purpose of this study is to focus on the effectiveness of the systematic, scientific, sequential and logical transaction of the course between the teachers and the learners in the perspective of the 5Es programme that is engage, explore, explain, extend and evaluate. Sanchali Mondal | Santinath Sarkar "A Study on the Effective Teaching Learning Process in English Curriculum at the Secondary Level of West Bengal" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd62412.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/education/62412/a-study-on-the-effective-teaching-learning-process-in-english-curriculum-at-the-secondary-level-of-west-bengal/sanchali-mondal
The Role of Mentoring and Its Influence on the Effectiveness of the Teaching ...ijtsrd
This paper reports on a study which was conducted to investigate the role of mentoring and its influence on the effectiveness of the teaching of Physics in secondary schools in the South West Region of Cameroon. The study adopted the convergent parallel mixed methods design, focusing on respondents in secondary schools in the South West Region of Cameroon. Both quantitative and qualitative data were collected, analysed separately, and the results were compared to see if the findings confirm or disconfirm each other. The quantitative analysis found that majority of the respondents 72 of Physics teachers affirmed that they had more experienced colleagues as mentors to help build their confidence, improve their teaching, and help them improve their effectiveness and efficiency in guiding learners’ achievements. Only 28 of the respondents disagreed with these statements. With majority respondents 72 agreeing with the statements, it implies that in most secondary schools, experienced Physics teachers act as mentors to build teachers’ confidence in teaching and improving students’ learning. The interview qualitative data analysis summarized how secondary school Principals use meetings with mentors and mentees to promote mentorship in the school milieu. This has helped strengthen teachers’ classroom practices in secondary schools in the South West Region of Cameroon. With the results confirming each other, the study recommends that mentoring should focus on helping teachers employ social interactions and instructional practices feedback and clarity in teaching that have direct measurable impact on students’ learning achievements. Andrew Ngeim Sumba | Frederick Ebot Ashu | Peter Agborbechem Tambi "The Role of Mentoring and Its Influence on the Effectiveness of the Teaching of Physics in Secondary Schools in the South West Region of Cameroon" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64524.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/management/management-development/64524/the-role-of-mentoring-and-its-influence-on-the-effectiveness-of-the-teaching-of-physics-in-secondary-schools-in-the-south-west-region-of-cameroon/andrew-ngeim-sumba
Design Simulation and Hardware Construction of an Arduino Microcontroller Bas...ijtsrd
This study primarily focuses on the design of a high side buck converter using an Arduino microcontroller. The converter is specifically intended for use in DC DC applications, particularly in standalone solar PV systems where the PV output voltage exceeds the load or battery voltage. To evaluate the performance of the converter, simulation experiments are conducted using Proteus Software. These simulations provide insights into the input and output voltages, currents, powers, and efficiency under different state of charge SoC conditions of a 12V,70Ah rechargeable lead acid battery. Additionally, the hardware design of the converter is implemented, and practical data is collected through operation, monitoring, and recording. By comparing the simulation results with the practical results, the efficiency and performance of the designed converter are assessed. The findings indicate that while the buck converter is suitable for practical use in standalone PV systems, its efficiency is compromised due to a lower output current. Chan Myae Aung | Dr. Ei Mon "Design Simulation and Hardware Construction of an Arduino-Microcontroller Based DC-DC High-Side Buck Converter for Standalone PV System" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64518.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/mechanical-engineering/64518/design-simulation-and-hardware-construction-of-an-arduinomicrocontroller-based-dcdc-highside-buck-converter-for-standalone-pv-system/chan-myae-aung
Sustainable Energy by Paul A. Adekunte | Matthew N. O. Sadiku | Janet O. Sadikuijtsrd
Energy becomes sustainable if it meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. Some of the definitions of sustainable energy include the considerations of environmental aspects such as greenhouse gas emissions, social, and economic aspects such as energy poverty. Generally far more sustainable than fossil fuel are renewable energy sources such as wind, hydroelectric power, solar, and geothermal energy sources. Worthy of note is that some renewable energy projects, like the clearing of forests to produce biofuels, can cause severe environmental damage. The sustainability of nuclear power which is a low carbon source is highly debated because of concerns about radioactive waste, nuclear proliferation, and accidents. The switching from coal to natural gas has environmental benefits, including a lower climate impact, but could lead to delay in switching to more sustainable options. “Carbon capture and storage” can be built into power plants to remove the carbon dioxide CO2 emissions, but this technology is expensive and has rarely been implemented. Leading non renewable energy sources around the world is fossil fuels, coal, petroleum, and natural gas. Nuclear energy is usually considered another non renewable energy source, although nuclear energy itself is a renewable energy source, but the material used in nuclear power plants is not. The paper addresses the issue of sustainable energy, its attendant benefits to the future generation, and humanity in general. Paul A. Adekunte | Matthew N. O. Sadiku | Janet O. Sadiku "Sustainable Energy" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64534.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/electrical-engineering/64534/sustainable-energy/paul-a-adekunte
Concepts for Sudan Survey Act Implementations Executive Regulations and Stand...ijtsrd
This paper aims to outline the executive regulations, survey standards, and specifications required for the implementation of the Sudan Survey Act, and for regulating and organizing all surveying work activities in Sudan. The act has been discussed for more than 5 years. The Land Survey Act was initiated by the Sudan Survey Authority and all official legislations were headed by the Sudan Ministry of Justice till it was issued in 2022. The paper presents conceptual guidelines to be used for the Survey Act implementation and to regulate the survey work practice, standardizing the field surveys, processing, quality control, procedures, and the processes related to survey work carried out by the stakeholders and relevant authorities in Sudan. The conceptual guidelines are meant to improve the quality and harmonization of geospatial data and to aid decision making processes as well as geospatial information systems. The established comprehensive executive regulations will govern and regulate the implementation of the Sudan Survey Geomatics Act in all surveying and mapping practices undertaken by the Sudan Survey Authority SSA and state local survey departments for public or private sector organizations. The targeted standards and specifications include the reference frame, projection, coordinate systems, and the guidelines and specifications that must be followed in the field of survey work, processes, and mapping products. In the last few decades, there has been a growing awareness of the importance of geomatics activities and measurements on the Earths surface in space and time, together with observing and mapping the changes. In such cases, data must be captured promptly, standardized, and obtained with more accuracy and specified in much detail. The paper will also highlight the current situation in Sudan, the degree to which survey standards are used, the problems encountered, and the errors that arise from not using the standards and survey specifications. Kamal A. A. Sami "Concepts for Sudan Survey Act Implementations - Executive Regulations and Standards" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd63484.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/civil-engineering/63484/concepts-for-sudan-survey-act-implementations--executive-regulations-and-standards/kamal-a-a-sami
Towards the Implementation of the Sudan Interpolated Geoid Model Khartoum Sta...ijtsrd
The discussions between ellipsoid and geoid have invoked many researchers during the recent decades, especially during the GNSS technology era, which had witnessed a great deal of development but still geoid undulation requires more investigations. To figure out a solution for Sudans local geoid, this research has tried to intake the possibility of determining the geoid model by following two approaches, gravimetric and geometrical geoid model determination, by making use of GNSS leveling benchmarks at Khartoum state. The Benchmarks are well distributed in the study area, in which, the horizontal coordinates and the height above the ellipsoid have been observed by GNSS while orthometric heights were carried out using precise leveling. The Global Geopotential Model GGM represented in EGM2008 has been exploited to figure out the geoid undulation at the benchmarks in the study area. This is followed by a fitting process, that has been done to suit the geoid undulation data which has been computed using GNSS leveling data and geoid undulation inspired by the EGM2008. Two geoid surfaces were created after the fitting process to ensure that they are identical and both of them could be counted for getting the same geoid undulation with an acceptable accuracy. In this respect, statistical operation played an important role in ensuring the consistency and integrity of the model by applying cross validation techniques splitting the data into training and testing datasets for building the geoid model and testing its eligibility. The geometrical solution for geoid undulation computation has been utilized by applying straightforward equations that facilitate the calculation of the geoid undulation directly through applying statistical techniques for the GNSS leveling data of the study area to get the common equation parameters values that could be utilized to calculate geoid undulation of any position in the study area within the claimed accuracy. Both systems were checked and proved eligible to be used within the study area with acceptable accuracy which may contribute to solving the geoid undulation problem in the Khartoum area, and be further generalized to determine the geoid model over the entire country, and this could be considered in the future, for regional and continental geoid model. Ahmed M. A. Mohammed. | Kamal A. A. Sami "Towards the Implementation of the Sudan Interpolated Geoid Model (Khartoum State Case Study)" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd63483.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/civil-engineering/63483/towards-the-implementation-of-the-sudan-interpolated-geoid-model-khartoum-state-case-study/ahmed-m-a-mohammed
Activating Geospatial Information for Sudans Sustainable Investment Mapijtsrd
Sudan is witnessing an acceleration in the processes of development and transformation in the performance of government institutions to raise the productivity and investment efficiency of the government sector. The development plans and investment opportunities have focused on achieving national goals in various sectors. This paper aims to illuminate the path to the future and provide geospatial data and information to develop the investment climate and environment for all sized businesses, and to bridge the development gap between the Sudan states. The Sudan Survey Authority SSA is the main advisor to the Sudan Government in conducting surveying, mappings, designing, and developing systems related to geospatial data and information. In recent years, SSA made a strategic partnership with the Ministry of Investment to activate Geospatial Information for Sudans Sustainable Investment and in particular, for the preparation and implementation of the Sudan investment map, based on the directives and objectives of the Ministry of Investment MI in Sudan. This paper comes within the framework of activating the efforts of the Ministry of Investment to develop technical investment services by applying techniques adopted by the Ministry and its strategic partners for advancing investment processes in the country. Kamal A. A. Sami "Activating Geospatial Information for Sudan's Sustainable Investment Map" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd63482.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/information-technology/63482/activating-geospatial-information-for-sudans-sustainable-investment-map/kamal-a-a-sami
Educational Unity Embracing Diversity for a Stronger Societyijtsrd
In a rapidly changing global landscape, the importance of education as a unifying force cannot be overstated. This paper explores the crucial role of educational unity in fostering a stronger and more inclusive society through the embrace of diversity. By examining the benefits of diverse learning environments, the paper aims to highlight the positive impact on societal strength. The discussion encompasses various dimensions, from curriculum design to classroom dynamics, and emphasizes the need for educational institutions to become catalysts for unity in diversity. It highlights the need for a paradigm shift in educational policies, curricula, and pedagogical approaches to ensure that they are reflective of the diverse fabric of society. This paper also addresses the challenges associated with implementing inclusive educational practices and offers practical strategies for overcoming barriers. It advocates for collaborative efforts between educational institutions, policymakers, and communities to create a supportive ecosystem that promotes diversity and unity. Mr. Amit Adhikari | Madhumita Teli | Gopal Adhikari "Educational Unity: Embracing Diversity for a Stronger Society" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64525.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/education/64525/educational-unity-embracing-diversity-for-a-stronger-society/mr-amit-adhikari
Integration of Indian Indigenous Knowledge System in Management Prospects and...ijtsrd
The diversity of indigenous knowledge systems in India is vast and can vary significantly between different communities and regions. Preserving and respecting these knowledge systems is crucial for maintaining cultural heritage, promoting sustainable practices, and fostering cross cultural understanding. In this paper, an overview of the prospects and challenges associated with incorporating Indian indigenous knowledge into management is explored. It is found that IIKS helps in management in many areas like sustainable development, tourism, food security, natural resource management, cultural preservation and innovation, etc. However, IIKS integration with management faces some challenges in the form of a lack of documentation, cultural sensitivity, language barriers legal framework, etc. Savita Lathwal "Integration of Indian Indigenous Knowledge System in Management: Prospects and Challenges" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd63500.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/management/accounting-and-finance/63500/integration-of-indian-indigenous-knowledge-system-in-management-prospects-and-challenges/savita-lathwal
DeepMask Transforming Face Mask Identification for Better Pandemic Control in...ijtsrd
The COVID 19 pandemic has highlighted the crucial need of preventive measures, with widespread use of face masks being a key method for slowing the viruss spread. This research investigates face mask identification using deep learning as a technological solution to be reducing the risk of coronavirus transmission. The proposed method uses state of the art convolutional neural networks CNNs and transfer learning to automatically recognize persons who are not wearing masks in a variety of circumstances. We discuss how this strategy improves public health and safety by providing an efficient manner of enforcing mask wearing standards. The report also discusses the obstacles, ethical concerns, and prospective applications of face mask detection systems in the ongoing fight against the pandemic. Dilip Kumar Sharma | Aaditya Yadav "DeepMask: Transforming Face Mask Identification for Better Pandemic Control in the COVID-19 Era" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64522.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/electronics-and-communication-engineering/64522/deepmask-transforming-face-mask-identification-for-better-pandemic-control-in-the-covid19-era/dilip-kumar-sharma
Streamlining Data Collection eCRF Design and Machine Learningijtsrd
Efficient and accurate data collection is paramount in clinical trials, and the design of Electronic Case Report Forms eCRFs plays a pivotal role in streamlining this process. This paper explores the integration of machine learning techniques in the design and implementation of eCRFs to enhance data collection efficiency. We delve into the synergies between eCRF design principles and machine learning algorithms, aiming to optimize data quality, reduce errors, and expedite the overall data collection process. The application of machine learning in eCRF design brings forth innovative approaches to data validation, anomaly detection, and real time adaptability. This paper discusses the benefits, challenges, and future prospects of leveraging machine learning in eCRF design for streamlined and advanced data collection in clinical trials. Dhanalakshmi D | Vijaya Lakshmi Kannareddy "Streamlining Data Collection: eCRF Design and Machine Learning" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd63515.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/biological-science/biotechnology/63515/streamlining-data-collection-ecrf-design-and-machine-learning/dhanalakshmi-d
How to Split Bills in the Odoo 17 POS ModuleCeline George
Bills have a main role in point of sale procedure. It will help to track sales, handling payments and giving receipts to customers. Bill splitting also has an important role in POS. For example, If some friends come together for dinner and if they want to divide the bill then it is possible by POS bill splitting. This slide will show how to split bills in odoo 17 POS.
Instructions for Submissions thorugh G- Classroom.pptxJheel Barad
This presentation provides a briefing on how to upload submissions and documents in Google Classroom. It was prepared as part of an orientation for new Sainik School in-service teacher trainees. As a training officer, my goal is to ensure that you are comfortable and proficient with this essential tool for managing assignments and fostering student engagement.
2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...Sandy Millin
http://sandymillin.wordpress.com/iateflwebinar2024
Published classroom materials form the basis of syllabuses, drive teacher professional development, and have a potentially huge influence on learners, teachers and education systems. All teachers also create their own materials, whether a few sentences on a blackboard, a highly-structured fully-realised online course, or anything in between. Despite this, the knowledge and skills needed to create effective language learning materials are rarely part of teacher training, and are mostly learnt by trial and error.
Knowledge and skills frameworks, generally called competency frameworks, for ELT teachers, trainers and managers have existed for a few years now. However, until I created one for my MA dissertation, there wasn’t one drawing together what we need to know and do to be able to effectively produce language learning materials.
This webinar will introduce you to my framework, highlighting the key competencies I identified from my research. It will also show how anybody involved in language teaching (any language, not just English!), teacher training, managing schools or developing language learning materials can benefit from using the framework.
Synthetic Fiber Construction in lab .pptxPavel ( NSTU)
Synthetic fiber production is a fascinating and complex field that blends chemistry, engineering, and environmental science. By understanding these aspects, students can gain a comprehensive view of synthetic fiber production, its impact on society and the environment, and the potential for future innovations. Synthetic fibers play a crucial role in modern society, impacting various aspects of daily life, industry, and the environment. ynthetic fibers are integral to modern life, offering a range of benefits from cost-effectiveness and versatility to innovative applications and performance characteristics. While they pose environmental challenges, ongoing research and development aim to create more sustainable and eco-friendly alternatives. Understanding the importance of synthetic fibers helps in appreciating their role in the economy, industry, and daily life, while also emphasizing the need for sustainable practices and innovation.
The French Revolution, which began in 1789, was a period of radical social and political upheaval in France. It marked the decline of absolute monarchies, the rise of secular and democratic republics, and the eventual rise of Napoleon Bonaparte. This revolutionary period is crucial in understanding the transition from feudalism to modernity in Europe.
For more information, visit-www.vavaclasses.com
How to Create Map Views in the Odoo 17 ERPCeline George
The map views are useful for providing a geographical representation of data. They allow users to visualize and analyze the data in a more intuitive manner.
Model Attribute Check Company Auto PropertyCeline George
In Odoo, the multi-company feature allows you to manage multiple companies within a single Odoo database instance. Each company can have its own configurations while still sharing common resources such as products, customers, and suppliers.
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Background of the study
In Zimbabwe the youth are individuals from the age
range of 12-36years. Drugs has been abused for
hundreds of years all over the world their effects have
been felt and known. It is believed that the uptake of
drugs helped the young people to be courageous and
fought the colonial masters in Zimbabwe. The
economic challenges and employment status of
Zimbabwe has trapped the young people to
participate in the abuse of drugs. The use of drugs,
substance and chemicals abuse has negative impact
on both the user and on the fabric of the society.
Drugs and chemicals affect the body and brain.
Different drugs have different effects; some effects of
drugs include health consequences that are long
lasting and permanent. They can even continue after a
person has stopped taking the substance. According to
Levy (2020) the use of tobacco, alcohol and other
drugs by young people has been recognized as a
serious public health problem. Young people believe
taking drugs is a fashionable way of living. Many
young individuals especially in artisanal prone areas
such as Kadoma tend to engage in risky behaviors
such as drug abuse, sexual intercourse and crime. The
inappropriate use of chemicals involves both licit and
illicit substances. Substances of abuse commonly
include alcohol, tobacco, marijuana and cocaine this
drug abuse has the most serious impact on
development of youth. Adolescence is a subset of
youth and is a confusing and complex period in life, a
time of questioning, exploring and risk taking. Drug
experimenting is becoming an increasingly prevalent
part of an adolescent’s rite passage.
Kadoma town is a spine for artisanal miners and is the
centre for drugs and chemical trading. The artisanal
miners’ behavior had influenced most young people
to indulge in abusing complex drugs.
Drugs are chemicals used in the treatment, cure,
prevention or diagnosis of disease or to enhance
physical and mental well-being (De Miranda, 1987)
Furthermore, a drug also refers to chemical
substances that affect the central nervous system,
such as tobacco, alcohol, dagga, cocaine, and heroin.
These drugs are used for perceived beneficial effects
on perception, consciousness, personality and
behavior. These chemical substances, both medicinal
and recreation can be administered in a number of
ways; orally, inhaled, injected and rectally. These
substances can be legal or illegal. Chemical abuse
refers to chronic chemical substance to alter states of
body or mind, other than medically warranted
purposes leading to effects that are detrimental to the
individual’s physical or mental health or the welfare
of others (Rice &Dolgin, 2008).
According to WHO, (2000), it is estimated that 25%
to 90% of young people especially adolescents use
psychoactive substances of one form or another.
Research has shown the acute rise in substance abuse
due to new emerging drugs and untraceable web
based trading World Drug Report (WDR), (2012;
2015). Globally, findings from the WDR (2014;
2015) indicate that people using illicit drugs have
dramatically increased to a quarter of a billion in
2014 compared to 230 million in 2010, 243 million in
2012, with an escalation of 246-324 million in 2013.
These range from licit drugs such as prescribed drugs,
alcohol and cigarettes, to elicit drugs such as
marijuana and heroin. They also use industrial
products such as glue, petrol and solvents. According
to Jumbe and Mwenda (2021) adolescent substance
use continues to be a growing major public problem
in Africa. An overall of 42% among adolescents in
Sub- Sahara Africa, abuse drugs. Drug abuse among
the youth in Zimbabwe has reached crisis levels and
the number of youths engaging in drug abuse is
increasing yearly. The average age of a first-time
substance user is 12 years, which is similar to
findings in European countries (Karen Lesly, 2008;
Parrott, et al., 2004). The urban streets in Zimbabwe
are awash with all kinds of drugs from marijuana to
broncleer, Histalix, Cocaine, crystal methamethamine
(dombo), musombodhiya and all sorts of drugs just to
mention few (ZCLDNA 2014). It is estimated that
60% of the youth are on illicit drugs in Zimbabwe.
The Voice of Africa (VOA), in 2015 estimated that
the unofficial number of substance abusers in
Zimbabwe to be between 1. 2 million countrywide
and also indicated that the police were recording more
than 100 cases of substance abuse by adolescents
every month in Harare alone while statistics from
Anti-Drug Abuse Association of Zimbabwe
(ADAAZ) said up to 43%of adolescents are found in
possession of cigarettes in school. The Herald, dated
14 August 2014 reported that 65%Zimbabwe youths
suffer from drug induced mental problems. The above
supposition indicates that there is a serious crisis
faced by young people which needs effort to resolve.
Types of abused Drugs and Chemicals
Young people abuse both legal and illegal drugs.
Legal drugs are considered permissible for use and
are either prescribed by a physician (prescription
medications) or are available over the counter at a
pharmacy or other outlet. They are intended for
medical purpose such as to ease pain symptoms and
treat health conditions to name a few pain relievers,
cold and flu medicines and slimming tablets
(Graig&Baucum, 2001). In addition, there are other
agents such as alcohol beverages, nicotine, solvents in
glue and petrol. Illegal drugs are regulated or
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unlawful substances such as cocaine, crystal,
methamphetamine (meth), anabolic steroids, heroin
and cannabis which are usually obtained by dishonest
or prohibited means (De Miranda, 1987).
The most popular substances differ between age
groups. Young people tend to favor inhalant
substances such as breathing the fumes of household,
cleaners, glues or pens, whereas older teens are more
likely to use synthetic marijuana and prescription
medications particularly pain relievers.
According to Levy (2020) in modern western society
substance abuse is an easy way for adolescents to
satisfy the normal developmental need to take risks
and seek thrills. About 70% of adolescents try alcohol
before high school graduation. Due to socio economic
status developing countries often tend to have more
complex problems with drug abuse like alcohol,
tobacco, and marijuana, use of cannabis and sniffing
of glue. While in developed countries such as USA
abusing of drugs is seen as socially acceptable
behavior. Data from the National Institute on Drug
Abuse (AIDA) and the Centers for Disease Control
and Prevention (CDC) reveal high numbers of
adolescents substance use in the United States
(Whitesell, Bachand& Peel, 2013).
Psychological and physical effects of drugs and
chemical abuse
Substance abuse poses threats to mental health and
physical well-being of young people. According to
Turner (2001) alcohol and drug abuse lead to teenager
depression which can be debilitating and can cause
teenagers to lose their ability to function successfully
in schools. Turner (2001) further notes that, teenager
depression increases sexual promiscuity among
adolescents and the likelihood of early pregnancies
leading to school drop-outs rate to those of school
going age. Similarly, Andrade et al and Ramisetty et
al (2006) illustrated that, adolescents engaging in
alcohol and drug abuse significantly have higher rates
of depression, suicide, anxiety, conduct disorder and
unsafe sexual practices with multiple partners.
Prinio (2015) also noted that, substance abuse has got
short term effects and these include the loss of
coordination and distortion in the sense of time vision
and hearing, sleepiness, reddening of the eyes,
increased appetite and relaxed muscles. Jeram (2010)
also noted that substance abuse increases the chances
of suffering from cancer of the throat, larynx, bladder,
pancreas and kidney. Similarly, Pagare (2003) states
that effects of substance abuse include lung problems
like burning of the lungs and tuberculosis, vomiting,
cancer, death, teeth and facial problem, heart or
kidney problems.
Social Effects of Drug and Chemicals Abuse
Dependence to any drugs is damaging to the
individual as well to society (Alloy et al., 1996;
Butcher et al., 2004). Drugs and chemical abuse does
not only affect the individual, it also affects the
family, friends, teachers at school and other members
of the community. Adolescents abusing substances
may become withdrawn, moody, irritable or
aggressive. That often leads to deterioration in family,
peer group, and school relationships (Parrott et al.,
2004). These adolescents’ academic performance
drops and truancy often increases (Berk, 2007). They
also end up being expelled from school due to their
behavior.
Furthermore, school children who use substances
often suffer from impairment of short-term memory
and other intellectual faculties, impaired tracking
ability in sensory and perceptual functions,
preoccupation with acquiring substances, adverse
emotional and social development and thus generally
impaired classroom performance. Reduced cognitive
efficiency leads to poor academic performance,
resulting in a decrease in self-esteem and the
adolescent may eventually drop out altogether. This
contributes to instability in an individual’s sense of
identity which, in turn, is likely to contribute to
further substance consumption, thus creating a
vicious circle (Lakhanpal&Agnihotri, 2007).
Adolescents who abuse substances may neglect their
schoolwork and even be absent from school. They are
less likely to value academic achievements; they
expect less academic success and in fact obtain lower
grades. In addition to that, they also become
aggressive towards teachers and other learners
(Donald et al., 2007). Some substances are expensive,
thus a need to sustain the dependence may lead to
theft, involvement in violence and eventually even to
organized drug-related crime. Some adolescents drop
out of school and turn to other crimes such as robbery
and gang-related activities to support their habit. It is
also believed that over half of all murderers are
committed under the influence of substances, as are
rape, assault and family violence (Parrott et al., 2004;
Zastrow, 2004). This adds to the danger to the
adolescents and to others (Donald et al., 2007). Drugs
can trigger violent reactions and users can harm
themselves or others.
When teenagers depend on alcohol and other
substances to deal with daily stresses, they fail to
learn responsible decision-making skills and
alternative coping mechanisms. These young people
show serious adjustment problems, including chronic
anxiety, depression and antisocial behavior, which are
both the cause and consequences of taking drugs
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(Simons, 2007). They often enter into marriage,
childbearing and the work world prematurely and fail
at them. These are painful outcomes that encourage
further addictive behavior (Berk, 2007). Substance
use does not only have an effect on the adolescents
using them, it also has a negative effect on the lives of
other people.
Economic Effects of Drugs and Chemical Abuse
Drug abuse has a negative impact on the economy of
the country. This includes a range of problems such
as inefficiency, impaired work performance,
accidents and absenteeism at a considerable cost to
both industry and society (Parrott et al., 2004). Work
productivity declines.
For example, 2.5 million workdays are lost due to
absenteeism arising from substance-related illnesses
(Department of Social Development, 2006).
Furthermore, the use of substances has a negative
impact on the health care system including the
depletion of scarce resources available to improve the
health of people (Department of Health, 2007).
Medical resources are wasted and lives are lost in
substance-related accidents. A high amount of money
is spent in hospitals, on prevention campaigns and in
treatment centre’s for substance dependents (Alloy et
al).
Although most people who abuse substances do not
seek professional help, people who abuse alcohol
constitute a large proportion of new admissions to
mental hospitals and general hospitals (Davison et al.,
2004; Department of Social Development, 2006).
Other costs include repairs to property damaged by
addicts, food and accommodation in prisons,
transportation of addicts to courts in terms of those
still awaiting trial (United Nations Office on Drugs
and Crime, 2008).Medication for treatment of
substances is also expensive. The use of alcohol and
other substances presents law-enforcement problems
as well. Substance dependence is a financial burden
for the country.
The adolescent not only suffers progressive physical
and psychological deterioration but also loses the
ability psychologically, socially and often
economically to break out of the cycle of substance
abuse (Donald et al., 2007). The health and
socioeconomic consequences of substance use and
abuse undermine democracy, good governance and
has a negative impact on the country. As with
alcohol, the socio-economic cost of smoking is
staggering. Each year smokers compile over 80
million lost days and 145 million days of disability,
considerably more than do nonsmoking peers.
Theoretical Frameworks
The social learning theory was used as the bedrock of
the study. The main assumptions of the social
learning theory is that drug and chemical abuse is a
learned behavior which is determined by the
environment. The behavior can be changed,
reinforced and can also be extinction. Social learning
theories focus on the interaction between the
individual and the environment in shaping patterns of
substance use. According to these theories,
adolescents abuse substances because they have seen
their parents, peers, and other people abuse
substances (Carson et al., 2000). The experiences and
lessons that adolescents learn from important figures
in society have a significant impact on them. Children
who are exposed to negative role models early in their
lives or experience other negative circumstances
because the adults around them provide limited
audience often falter on the difficult steps they must
take in life (Vega, 1993 cited in Carson etal., 2000).
These formative experiences can have a direct
influence on whether a youngster becomes involved
in maladaptive behavior such as alcohol or substance
abuse. Parents influence substance use through their
attitudes, values, behavior and through the kinds of
relationships they have with their children. Parents
who believe that substance use is harmful, socially
unacceptable or morally wrong and who convey these
attitudes to their children, are less likely to have
children who engage in substance use.
However, parental use of alcohol, tobacco, cannabis
and other illegal substances positively correlated to
the illegal use of these substances by their children
(Conger, 1991).Another strong motive for
experimenting with substances is the social pressure
to be like friends or to be part of a social group.
Unconventional adolescents tend to select deviant
peers who share characteristics similar to their own
personality attributes.
Aim of the study
To explore the effects and insights of drugs and
chemical abuse among the young people in
Zimbabwe.
Methodology and setting
The descriptive research design was used in the study
to unpack the qualitative multi-perspective approach
to social orientation of drugs and chemical abuse by
the young people in Zimbabwe. The descriptive
design was used to ensure that this study concentrates
on the behaviors of young people obtained on the
effects of drugs and chemical abuse. This was done
through direct observation, focus group discussions
and interviews from key informants until data
saturation with the aim of drawing much information
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as possible regarding drugs and chemical abuse. Data
was gathered from both young men and females from
the age of 12-36 who take drugs and chemicals. The
study was conducted in areas around Kadoma town.
The researcher employed the purposive-snow ball and
convenience sampling to gather data from the
participants. The purposive-snow ball sampling
method was used since abusing drugs and chemicals
is illegal hence it is secretive behavior. Thematic
content analysis was used to analyse data gathered
from the participants. The data was coded into themes
and each theme was subjected to conversational
interpretation in a way to understand the perspective
of the participants.
ETHICAL CONSIDERATIONS
Ethical issues that were considered in this study are
permission to collect data, debriefing, voluntary
participation, informed consent, confidentiality and
the protection of participants (Berg, 2001; Kerlinger&
Lee, 2000; Newman, 2000; Patton, 2001; Seidman,
1998).
RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS
The study had come out the following themes from
the responses of the participants:
Causes of drug and chemical abuse
Drug abuse can be attributed to both genetic and
environmental factors. The following are the factors
relating to drug abuse.
Poor relationship with parents and guardians
Some participants reported permissive and
authoritarian parenting styles in their families, the
following was expressed by the participants: My
mother is too strict; she is ok but is very strict which
worries him Participant 4. Participant 3 said My step-
father does not allow me to play he always wants me
to work at home. Participants also reported that they
were ill-treated at home, for example, my parents ill-
treated and beat me a lot (Participant 3); and „my
mother ill-treats me, keeps on telling that she does not
love me and chases me away without any reason
(Participant 9).
Peer pressure
Young people indicated that they started taking
substances due to peer pressure. The influence of
friends was articulated as a key factor. The frequency
of the talk about the influence of friends was perhaps
to be expected, given that peer group is frequently
perceived as the major reason or cause of substance
abuse among adolescents. In the following extracts,
participants explained how their friends influenced
them to use substances. I used drugs because of my
friends my friends introduced me to drugs, they asked
me to contribute money so that we can buy marijuana
(Participant 3) my friends told me to smoke, at first I
refused but later on I joined them‟(Participant 2) It
was because of my friend I smoked cigarette and
drink alcohol with my friends (Participant 7) my
friends told me to smoke and drink alcohol
(Participant 4) ; My friends convinced me to smoke
dagga (Participant2) and my friends told me to use
drugs in order to forget my problems‟ (Participant
6).I was lonely and my friends told me to use drugs to
relieve stress‟ (Participant 6); My friends told me not
to be stressed because I will die of heart attack). I
relied on my friends for care and support, thus I had
no choice but to join them in using drugs.
Poverty
Poverty was noted as one of the factors associated
with substance abuse among young people. It must be
noted that, 5 of the young people interviewed
succumbed to drug abuse as a result of their levels of
poverty which is so difficult to approach with a sober
mind-set. Grace (not real name) aged 17 during the
in-depth interviews has this to say:
‘I abuse marijuana in order to avoid over thinking
about stressful situations at home. (Grace)
This shows that the adolescents opt to abuse
substances in order to run away from the ugly reality
which is difficult to embrace with a sober mind.
Access to drugs either at school or at home
The means of obtaining substances varied amongst
the participants. Other participants obtained money
from home, whereas others used their pocket money
or earned a salary that could support their substance
use. In some instances their friends bought substances
for them, for example, as participants explained: „I
used pocket money‟ (Participant 3) „We contributed
money with my friends‟ (Participant 1, 4); „We
contributed money to buy dagga‟ (Participant 2); „If I
do not have money to buy drugs, my friends bought
them. I have friends who are employed; they buy
alcohol for me‟ (Participant 4). I do part-time jobs
and use money earned to buy drugs‟ (Participant 6); I
help people to carry their groceries and use money
earned to buy drugs‟ (Participant 8). Thus
participants use various means to ensure that they
have substances.
Experimentation
Participants do experiment with substances during
adolescent stage. They used substances in order to
taste them, and to feel high. The participants reported
that I wanted to experience and have some fun by
testing it (Participant 2). I wanted to feel happy I
wanted to feel and I wanted to enjoy myself
(Participant 3). One participant reported that my
cousin introduced me to drugs during school holidays
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while visiting Harare (Participant 1). In addition, one
participant reported that I started on my own. I
thought it was normal or right to use it‟ (Participant
5).
Genetic disposition
There is evidence of substance use in the families of
the participants. This was reported by some
participants that there is someone using substances in
their families: myuncle smoke cigarette’s (Participant
2, 3); My uncle requested me to lit cigarette for him‟
(Participant 3); my uncle smokes boxer cigarette‟
(Participant 4); „my uncle smokes cigarette and
drinks alcohol.
Depression
Most of the participants reported stress as the cause
for their use of substances. One of the participants
reported that: „I feel stressed and I worry a lot, which
stresses me a lot. I am unable to sleep‟ (Participant
4, 9). Furthermore, most of the participants mentioned
the function of using substances as relieving stress.
Other components of depression described by the
young people included irritability, unrelenting anger
and powerlessness. Most of the participants indicated
that they had problems at home. As participants
reported, I had problems at home‟ (Participant, 4, 8)
my step father ill-treated me, (Participant 4).
Types of Substances Abused Adolescents
Currently young people have shifted from
predominantly abusing marijuana alone to the use of
emerging substances that are now available in the
fashion. Some of the common identified substances
include bronclee (ngoma), powder extracted from
energy saver bulbs, mutoriro, mangemba, ital, tablets
(white, blue and pink pill), cocaine and mangemba.
(Pluddermann et al, 2007) pointed out that
crystalemethy (dombo) is coming from South Africa,
Cape Town.
Discussions
There is evidence of progression in the use of legal
and illegal substances. Participants reported having
used alcohol and then cannabis. However, unlike in
other studies wherein the youth often start by taking
the acceptable drugs such as tobacco and alcohol, and
then proceeded to use cannabis, bronclee and dombo
among others. Some participants in the current study
began with hard substances such as cannabis and
heroin and then go for the most socially acceptable
substances like alcohol and tobacco. Participants in
this study begin with both hard and socially
acceptable substances.
The research found that drugs and substance abuse
are being used as a scapegoat of committing crimes. It
has been noted that most adolescents commit crimes
under the influence of alcohol. This is in agreement
with WHO (2002) in which most adolescents are
being involved in the committing of crimes in
societies. They chose to perform these crimes so as to
run away from reality and they use drugs to boost
their bravery and courage while committing crimes.
This means they commit under the influence of drugs
and chemical substances.
Young people obtain substances through various
ways. These range from using pocket money, doing
part-time jobs, obtaining substances from their
friends. In some instances, they also contribute
money in order to buy the substances. This means that
they do not struggle to buy substances; they have
found the means to do this. Some participants even do
part-time jobs to earn money to buy substances. Their
intentions of doing part-time jobs are positive in that
they gain working experience, but they do not use the
money wisely. Furthermore, their idea of each
member contributing to buy substances is not positive
because it can encourage them to steal money at
home in order to buy substances. As previously
mentioned, friends do contribute to substance abuse,
because they are the ones who will buy substances if
their fellow friends do not have the money to do so.
The participants also seem to abuse their pocket
money. This implies a lack of responsibility by these
youth, in the sense that they are not using the money
provided to them for its intended purpose. They might
end up growing up as irresponsible parents who will
not be able to use their own salaries or money earned
efficiently. As a result they may fail to provide for
themselves and their own families. Parents are also
giving their children money and not monitoring how
they use it. This causes many adolescents to fall prey
to substance abuse because they have the means to
buy them. They know that their parents will not ask
them how they spend their pocket money.
As mentioned previously, some of the participants
were experiencing a lot of stress, and the use of
substance use was the only available means to make
them happy and to forget their problems. Another
reason for trying substances was for fun. Adolescents
in this study used substances to entertain themselves.
There are no entertainment centers for the youth
where these adolescents are residing; as a result
substance abuse might have been the only available
way of entertaining themselves. Depression also
seems to be one of the reasons for substance abuse
among adolescents. The findings revealed that
adolescents are overwhelmed by the challenges in
their own lives, their families, and the society in
which they live. The majority of the participants are
from poor families which makes it difficult for their
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parents to provide for their needs. These adolescents
become stressed if their needs are not met. This then
leads them to abuse substances in order to forget their
problems. They then resort to substance abuse as a
way of coping with their problems, not realizing that
their use of substances will not solve their problems.
Instead, the use of substances aggravates their
problems.
Future prediction of drugs and chemical abuse
The researcher made the following predicts if nothing
has been done to assist young people who abuse the
drugs as well as chemicals:
We are going to have an uncultured generation in
the next ten years from the date of publication of
this paper
The young people are going to use drugs and
chemicals as Dutch courage to revolt against the
elders
Young people are going to be abused by the
politicians to cause violence in communities
especially towards elections
The life-span of drug and chemical abuser is not
going to exceed 40years
We are going to have complex criminal
environments such as murder, robbery,
entrepreneurial motivated crimes
We are going to lose national identity
Recommendations
The research had the following recommendations
which act as the solution to the problem of drugs and
chemical abuse.
There is need to empower the young people
through employment creation. Engaging
adolescents in income generating projects .The
school going age should be kept hostage at school
so that they fail to get time to purchase the drugs.
For instance school going young people should be
at school from 7am to 430 pm.
Community education and community
mobilization through media influence should be
in place
Serious sanctions and penalties should be
enforced especially to those found in possession
of drugs.
There is need to conduct awareness campaigns
There is need to use technology to detect drugs
and chemicals in human beings and once caught
will attract serious penalties
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