Bapsi Sidhwa is a renowned Pakistani writer known for her novels focusing on women's experiences during the Partition of India. Her 1981 novel The Bride tells the story of Zaitoon, a young girl who loses her parents at age 4 and is raised by her cousin Qasim. Against her wishes, Qasim arranges her marriage at 16 to an abusive man in the hills. The novel depicts Zaitoon's struggle to survive this oppressive marriage and critique's women's repression in Pakistani society under tribal customs and codes of honor. Sidhwa is praised as a feminist writer for portraying strong female characters and exposing the gender-based rules that women are subjected to.
Analysis and Interpretation of Pakistani Poet and writer Daud Kamal -writing style of poet and selective poems of Daud kamal - REPRODUCTION AND THE STREET OF NIGHTINGALES
Analysis and Interpretation of Pakistani Poet and writer Daud Kamal -writing style of poet and selective poems of Daud kamal - REPRODUCTION AND THE STREET OF NIGHTINGALES
Stream of Consciousness in Virginia Woolf's 'To The Lighthouse'Dilip Barad
This presentation is about the narrative technique used by Modernist female novelist Virginia Woolf in her novel 'To The Lighthouse'. It deals with illustrations from the novel and its explanations. The interior monologue, free association etc are explained in this presentation.
Bapsi Sidhwa was an active social worker with great concern for the women around. Sidhwa started writing in the 1970s when she was inspired by the story of a young girl who ran away from home and was killed by her husband in the Hindukush mountains. This story was published in the form of her 2nd novel: the Bride. Currently she is teaching at the University of Texas, Houston. A brief introduction of her life is given in the slides.
To the lighthouse, Summary,themes, symbols and modernismWali ullah
Virginia Woolf biography, works and style. Stream of consciousness and it's features. Introduction, summary, themes, and modernism in To The Lighthouse. Modernism. Modern Novels. Modern writing Techniques, Virginia Woolf life and works.
International Journal of Humanities and Social Science Invention (IJHSSI)inventionjournals
International Journal of Humanities and Social Science Invention (IJHSSI) is an international journal intended for professionals and researchers in all fields of Humanities and Social Science. IJHSSI publishes research articles and reviews within the whole field Humanities and Social Science, new teaching methods, assessment, validation and the impact of new technologies and it will continue to provide information on the latest trends and developments in this ever-expanding subject. The publications of papers are selected through double peer reviewed to ensure originality, relevance, and readability. The articles published in our journal can be accessed online.
The Journal will bring together leading researchers, engineers and scientists in the domain of interest from around the world. Topics of interest for submission include, but are not limited to
Search of Identity: A study of Manju Kapur’s novel “Difficult Daughters”inventionjournals
This paper presents the woman as an individual who fights against suppression and oppression of the patriarchy. The novel Difficult Daughters sensibly shows the position of women and her longing struggle to establish an identity. Manju Kapur has come out as serious social thinker in her novels because there is a purpose behind her writing. All her novels have been written with a definite purpose because the novelist tries to analyze issues related to the middle class or upper middle class women. Manju Kapur is much interested to present the questions and problems related to women in a larger perspective. In her novels, the women’s questions have emerged essentially in the context of the identity of the new educated middle class. Manju Kapur’s female protagonists are mostly educated. They are strong individuals but imprisoned within the boundary of conservative society. Their education leads them to independent thinking for which their family and society become intolerable to them, in their individual struggle with family and society through which they plunged into a dedicated effort to search an identity for them as qualified women with faultless background. The novelist has portrayed her protagonists as women caught in the conflict between the passions of the flesh and yearning to be a part of the political and intellectual society of today
Stream of Consciousness in Virginia Woolf's 'To The Lighthouse'Dilip Barad
This presentation is about the narrative technique used by Modernist female novelist Virginia Woolf in her novel 'To The Lighthouse'. It deals with illustrations from the novel and its explanations. The interior monologue, free association etc are explained in this presentation.
Bapsi Sidhwa was an active social worker with great concern for the women around. Sidhwa started writing in the 1970s when she was inspired by the story of a young girl who ran away from home and was killed by her husband in the Hindukush mountains. This story was published in the form of her 2nd novel: the Bride. Currently she is teaching at the University of Texas, Houston. A brief introduction of her life is given in the slides.
To the lighthouse, Summary,themes, symbols and modernismWali ullah
Virginia Woolf biography, works and style. Stream of consciousness and it's features. Introduction, summary, themes, and modernism in To The Lighthouse. Modernism. Modern Novels. Modern writing Techniques, Virginia Woolf life and works.
International Journal of Humanities and Social Science Invention (IJHSSI)inventionjournals
International Journal of Humanities and Social Science Invention (IJHSSI) is an international journal intended for professionals and researchers in all fields of Humanities and Social Science. IJHSSI publishes research articles and reviews within the whole field Humanities and Social Science, new teaching methods, assessment, validation and the impact of new technologies and it will continue to provide information on the latest trends and developments in this ever-expanding subject. The publications of papers are selected through double peer reviewed to ensure originality, relevance, and readability. The articles published in our journal can be accessed online.
The Journal will bring together leading researchers, engineers and scientists in the domain of interest from around the world. Topics of interest for submission include, but are not limited to
Search of Identity: A study of Manju Kapur’s novel “Difficult Daughters”inventionjournals
This paper presents the woman as an individual who fights against suppression and oppression of the patriarchy. The novel Difficult Daughters sensibly shows the position of women and her longing struggle to establish an identity. Manju Kapur has come out as serious social thinker in her novels because there is a purpose behind her writing. All her novels have been written with a definite purpose because the novelist tries to analyze issues related to the middle class or upper middle class women. Manju Kapur is much interested to present the questions and problems related to women in a larger perspective. In her novels, the women’s questions have emerged essentially in the context of the identity of the new educated middle class. Manju Kapur’s female protagonists are mostly educated. They are strong individuals but imprisoned within the boundary of conservative society. Their education leads them to independent thinking for which their family and society become intolerable to them, in their individual struggle with family and society through which they plunged into a dedicated effort to search an identity for them as qualified women with faultless background. The novelist has portrayed her protagonists as women caught in the conflict between the passions of the flesh and yearning to be a part of the political and intellectual society of today
The Analysis of Female Views in Anita Desais Novel in Custodyijtsrd
The most well known Indian woman author in English after Indias independence, Anita Desai, focuses a lot of her writing on the issues of womens survival and existence. At this moment, the purpose of this piece is to examine how gender has shaped resistance. Anita Desai has been a strong representation of Indian women's lives, their battles against patriarchy, and colonial repression. The feminist consciousness of Desais In Custody permeates the entire book. This is the best indication of her comprehension of female psychology and experience. In In Custody, the male characters are confined to a life without success. Anita Desai condemns classical society and crisps on a deplorable male character Deven Sharma whose wife execrates his powerlessness to succeed economically. This article helps us to show how women change their ideas to make the lives successful or unsuccessful not only for them but also for their whole family. This article has been written in simple language so that people may understand the fact that how a women can make or mar the society by her capability of doing things. Nighat Ara "The Analysis of Female Views in Anita Desai's Novel in Custody" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-7 | Issue-4, August 2023, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd59792.pdf Paper Url:https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/political-science/59792/the-analysis-of-female-views-in-anita-desais-novel-in-custody/nighat-ara
Modus Operandi of Empowering Women in Some Selected Novels of Anita Desaiijtsrd
Because of the rigid rules and regulations of the patriarchal society we have to empower women for the development of the society itself. In the Vedic Ages women were highly respected in Indian society. “Sahadharmini†which means equal partner was used in that period. Women enjoyed respect, equality, education, and reverence at that time. It was in the age of Sutras and Epics i.e. in 500 B.C. to A.D.500 that the status of women changed considerably. Their position within the society was deteriorated day by day. Manu said that a woman has to be dependent before marriage on her parents and after marriage on her husband. Throughout their life they have to maintain their role as an obedient daughter, as a devoted wife, and as a caring mother. They became the subordinate and silence second sex under the strong clutches of the patriarchal society. The feminist of India consider him as a misogynist. However since independence, the role and status of women have been gradually changed. Through different type of feministic movement which is the outburst of centuries of struggle for women's rights, women become successful to snatch a respectable position for them within the society. Being a woman, the Indian novelists of the contemporary literature raised their voices against the suppressed cultures and traditions of the society where women are considered as inferior to men, through their writings. In this particular paper, the contemporary Indian novelist Anita Desai's two novels ‘Cry, the Peacock' and ‘Clear Light of Day' have been taken up for a brief discussion to understand the status of women in Indian society. Dolan Ghosh | Dr. Anita Singh "Modus Operandi of Empowering Women in Some Selected Novels of Anita Desai" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-6 , October 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd46370.pdf Paper URL : https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/english/46370/modus-operandi-of-empowering-women-in-some-selected-novels-of-anita-desai/dolan-ghosh
Women’s Predicament and Harassment in a Thousand Splendid Sunsijtsrd
Khaled Hosseini, a novelist of the Twenty first century, skilfully portrays the pitiable condition of Women in Afghani society. This paper attempts to examine how people were humiliated, brutally treated and tortured on gender based issues. Not only their fundamental human rights violated, again and again, but they were also abducted, forced to marry and sold as slaves. The present paper is a modest attempt to show the suffering of women from different perspectives such as verbal, psychological and physical. Verbal harassment includes negative words which impact victims severely. Psychological harassment inflicted by one man to another man is even more dangerous and painful. Physical Harassment exhibits the physical grief of women that is nearly equivalent to the pain of death. Mahwash Fatma "Women’s Predicament and Harassment in a Thousand Splendid Suns" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-6 | Issue-5 , August 2022, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd50561.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/english/50561/women’s-predicament-and-harassment-in-a-thousand-splendid-suns/mahwash-fatma
Finding one’s Roots: A Reference to Anita Nair and Shashi DeshpandeQUESTJOURNAL
ABSTRACT: The eminence of a woman in a society varied with each culture, each country and with each age. Of course, in most societies and in most cultures, like in Indian society and culture, the woman is given an eminent position, at least theoretically. However, in practicality, a woman was always regarded as secondary to a man and was forbidden from all centers of power. Naturally, women were oppressed through different means and ways peculiar to each culture and society which gradually led to the rise of the feminist movement. In which, women were authorized to express their opinions against restrictions and patriarchal injustices. Basically, feminism focuses on finding one’s own roots in the society.The word ‘Feminism’ deals with the higher perception of individuality of women and also the female conundrums. The last few decades have noticed this new genre of writing by women, for women, and about women, particularly in Indian English Writing. Needless to say, the Indian women in these writings are a blend of tradition and modernity enduring the trials of the past and yearning for a better destiny. This is the main essence of feminism in Indian Literature. Women’s writings have achieved a great deal of prominence all over the world. Many Indian women novelists have probed into female psyche in order to establish individuality. The last three decades have observed the emersion of eminent feminist in Indian literature like Anita Nair, ShashiDeshpande, Arundhati Roy, Anita Desai, ManjuKapurand Shobha De who dealt with their female protagonists in a more prominent manner. This paper focuses on “Finding one’s roots with reference to Anita Nair’s ‘Ladies Coupe’ and ShashiDeshpande’s ‘Roots and Shadows
Chokherbali A Grain of Sand Extra Marital Affairijtsrd
The present paper deals with the story of an extra marital affair. But calling it just an extra marital affair would be a grave injustice. This is a story of love and what people can do for it. Lush and slow moving Chokherbali, is a gorgeous piece suffused with sensuality and its denial. I attempt to highlight the intricacies of human emotions and the relations in the light of the novel. This paper endeavors to examine the novel on the parameter of chronology verbal depiction of the raised issue portrayal of characters, conclusion and language and style. Modern literature is not merely about describing the sequence of events, but also about analyzing them and drawing out their inner meaning. It is this scheme that is employed in Chokherbali. Navneet Kumar "Chokherbali - A Grain of Sand: Extra Marital Affair" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-6 | Issue-4 , June 2022, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd50110.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/other-scientific-research-area/other/50110/chokherbali--a-grain-of-sand-extra-marital-affair/navneet-kumar
International Journal of Humanities and Social Science Invention (IJHSSI)inventionjournals
International Journal of Humanities and Social Science Invention (IJHSSI) is an international journal intended for professionals and researchers in all fields of Humanities and Social Science. IJHSSI publishes research articles and reviews within the whole field Humanities and Social Science, new teaching methods, assessment, validation and the impact of new technologies and it will continue to provide information on the latest trends and developments in this ever-expanding subject. The publications of papers are selected through double peer reviewed to ensure originality, relevance, and readability. The articles published in our journal can be accessed online.
The Journal will bring together leading researchers, engineers and scientists in the domain of interest from around the world. Topics of interest for submission include, but are not limited to
India, the ancient land known as the torchbearer of peace, spirituality and humanism became
testimony to one of the ghastliest and flabbergasting acts ever committed in the history of
mankind. Her own offspring who had lived as a single unit were suddenly bifurcated on
communal lines due to political vendetta. Many authors have incorporated the trauma and
sufferings during the partition. Khushwant Singh and Bapsi Sidhwa are distinguished
signatures in the arena of English literature who have published novels based on the theme of
partition. They have portrayed the traumatic picture of that time making us to feel the pain of
humanity. Thus the present paper focuses upon the literature of partition with special
reference to the trauma in the writings of Khushwant Singh and Bapsi Sidhwa.
India drank the sweet nectar of freedom from the foreign yoke of British Raj but with a heavy
price. The ancient land whose civilisation had stood against the test of time was bifurcated
into two parts- India and Pakistan. The biggest exodus of people ever in the history of
humankind took place from one part to another. A state of religious frenzy and bigotry spread
in the entire Indian subcontinent. People became worse than beasts ever ready to slaughter
fellow beings in the name of religion. The single most affected victim was humanity which
was torn into pieces by its own children. All hell broke loose when people in both nations
were killed just due to their religious affiliations. A plethora of literature is produced on this
subject particularly from the authors of India, Pakistan and Bangladesh. The trauma and
agony experienced by people has found its voice in the literature of partition by many notable
and distinguished authors. Poet Faiz Ahmad Faiz lamented, „This stain covered daybreak,
this night bitten dawn. This dawn is not that dawn we craved for‘. Muslims migrated to
Pakistan and Hindus to India leaving back their ancestral homes, tradition and culture to
become refugees in a distant land just in the name of fanaticism. Bigotry spew its venom
particularly on women who were assaulted, sexually abused and tortured if they were found
to be of different religion.
The tragedy of partition has given way to literature in almost all languages of the Indian sub-
continent particularly Hindi, English, Urdu, Bengali and other vernacular languages. A
common element in all these pieces of literature is pathos. It is different from historical
account as it embodies the human suffering and pain due to partition. Authors such as
Krishna Chander, Rajinder Singh Bedi, Amrita Pritam, Saddat Hasan Manto, K.S. Duggal,
Nanak Singh and others have revolved their prose on the subject of partition. Khushwant
Singh‟s ‗ Train to Pakistan „, Bapsi Sidhwa‟s ‗Ice Candy Man‘ and ‗Bride‘, Salman
Rushdie‟s ‗Midnight‘s Children‘, K.A. Abbas‟ ‗Inquilab‘ in English, Bhishma Sahani‟s
„Tamas‘ and Yashpal‟s „Jhoota Sach‘ in Hindi.
Almost everyone is doing well..
6. * BA from Kinnaird College for
Women in Lahore in 1957
*She was two when she contracted
polio
*She describes herself as a
"Punjabi-Parsi-Pakistani”.
7. famous Quote:
"I feel if there's one little thing I could
do, it's to make people realize: We
are not worthless because we inhabit
a country which is seen by Western
eyes as a primitive, fundamentalist
country only. . .I mean, we are a rich
mixture of all sorts of forces as well,
and our lives are very much worth
living."
8. The Crow Eaters (novel) 1978
The Bride (novel) 1981
Ice-Candy-Man (novel) 1988;
An American Brat (novel) 1993
9. *Bapsi Sidhwa is an acclaimed Pakistani
writer, whose focus is on women’s
experience in the time of Partition in India.
*In her humorous style, use of Urdu word,
irony, use of black comedy.
She presents her characters in the light of
universal foibles and follies, making the
effects of large-scale social, political, and
economic upheaval personal and poignant.
13. Arbab(Qasim father)
Afshan(Qasim wife)
ARehsham khan(Qasim father in law)
Sikander&zohra(Real parents of
zaitoon)
Nusrat(Zaitoon friend)
Miriam(Nikka wife)
Shahnaz(Dancer)
Misri khan(Qasim cousin)
Major Mushtaq
Farukh(Carol husband)
Asihiq(Military men)
14. Zaitoon’s story has three divisions:
Childhood.
Marriage fixing episode .
Voyage to the hills, and her struggle for existence and
survival.
15. Zaitoon is a child of partition time. At the age
of four she loses her parents.
She is brought up by Qasim, who adopts
her, and grows up in Qila Gujjar Singh,
Lahore.
Qasim fixes her marriage at sixteen with
Sakhi. He is the son of Qasim’s cousin, Misri
Khan.
Miriam, Mushtaq and Ashiq try to convince
Qasim about the differences of the Punjabi
andKohistani cultures, and opine that the
marriage would be a complete failure.
16. Zaitoon also shows here strong unwillingness, but
Qasim is determined and threatens to kill her if she
does not agree.
Zaitoon’s agony starts at the next day of marriage.
Her husband, a tyrant figure,
beats her even at a slightest issue.
17.
18. The Bride deals with the repression
of women in the Pakistani society.
The novel is based on a true story narrated to Sidhwa
when with her family, she stayed at an army camp.
The novel reflects conflict among man, woman, nature.
The central story is of Zaitoon’s. Carol’s story is its foil.
Nikka’s story of his rise from a Panwalla to a
strongman of Lahore is also captivating.
.
19. The reader encounters some smaller stories
of Sikandar, Zohra, and Qasim earlier in the
novel.
In the novel, the girl is not killed; she
safely crosses the bridge.
20. . It shows tension among different cultures
as well.
21.
22. *Sidhwa’s strong characters are women.
*The Bride deals with the repression of
women in Pakistani society
*She criticized the brutality of the tribal code
of honors and the ruthless customs of their
daily existence.
23. The term ‘wife’ in our society, Sidhwa
reveals, is not a fixed and closed term.
TheWomen of the household have an
unfixed, unlimited, ambiguous, and always
changing set of rules to observe.
Men, either they are husbands, fathers, or
brothers are the generators of those rules.
Words of ‘shame’, ‘honor’, and ‘social
position’ have meanings only for women.
Men are free of such moral and religious
bonds.
24.
25. Kamala Edwards has observed that:
“Sidhwa is a feminist and realist. One
sees in her women characters the
strength of passion, the tenderness of
love, and the courage of one’s
convictions. They struggle to overcome
the hurts of time and escape the grip of a
fate in whose hands they are often mere
puppets.”
26. Zaitoon is a symbol of human spirit which struggles
against all odds but exists with integrity.
She is a representative of the strength of a woman, in
fatigable, Unyielding and irrepressible .
The Pakistani Bride is a stunning novel based on
passion, lust, cruelty, murder, power, and sensuality,
written in a highly engrossing manner to keep the
readers glued to the very end.
