THE 19TH CENTURY AS A CENTURY OF CHANGE.pptx
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The 19th century, often referred to as the "Century of Change," was a pivotal period in human history characterized by significant transformations in nearly every aspect of life. This century laid the foundation for the modern world in terms of politics, society, technology, and culture. In this essay, we will explore the major changes and developments that defined the 19th century and examine their enduring impact on our contemporary world. the 19th century was indeed a century of change, marked by profound and far-reaching developments that continue to influence our world today. It set the stage for the modern era, reshaping politics, economics, society, and culture in ways that are still evident in the 21st century. The legacy of this transformative period serves as a testament to humanity's capacity for innovation, reform, and progress.
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report-in-life and works of Jose Rizal. Specifically his family tree
1) The Chinese mestizo population emerged in the Philippines as a legally distinct class under Spanish colonial rule through intermarriage between Chinese immigrants and native Filipinos.
2) From the 18th century onward, Chinese mestizos developed into an economically influential middle class as traders, entrepreneurs, and landowners.
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This presentation is about the history of Rizal Law. It also introduces the life and works of rizal as well as his two novels the Noli Me Tangere and the El Filibusterismo. At the end of this presentation is an activity that can be used to assess the level of understanding of the students in this subject The life and works of Rizal.
The Spanish Era
The Spanish integrated Catholicism, the Spanish language, and Spanish customs into Philippine society. They clustered the population into villages for easier instruction and established the walled city of Manila as the urban center. Education focused on Christianity and was limited to Spanish and Spanish-born Filipinos. Infrastructure like roads, bridges, and electricity were developed, though the benefits went mostly to Spanish elites. Through galleon trade and missionary work, the Spanish converted much of the population to Catholicism, leaving a lasting Christian legacy in the Philippines.
Chapter 9 - Westernization
This document discusses how Westernization and Spanish colonialism shaped Filipino identity and culture. It argues that Spanish colonization was more effective than other Asian colonizers at eroding native cultures and imposing Catholicism. The Spanish friars played a central role in governing the colonies and used their political, economic and religious influence to develop obedient colonials and discourage independent thinking. They suppressed native cultures and stressed conformity, isolation and reliance on religion over initiative and worldly ideas. This led to a crisis of identity as Westernization blurred perceptions of exploitation and a true national consciousness was slow to develop.
The Indolence of the filipinos chpter 2
The document discusses reasons for the alleged indolence of Filipinos during the Spanish colonization period. It argues that Filipinos were industrious traders with other countries like China prior to Spanish arrival. The indolence was caused by Spanish policies that deprived Filipinos of opportunities for education, business, and farming through high taxes and exploitation. Lack of unity among Filipinos also contributed as they could not effectively resist the hostile government and societal forces. Overall, the document asserts that labeling Filipinos as inherently indolent is incorrect and fails to consider the oppressive Spanish social and political system that discouraged industry.
The Indolence of the filipinos chapter II
The document discusses reasons for the alleged indolence of Filipinos during the Spanish colonization period. It argues that Filipinos were industrious traders with other countries like China prior to Spanish arrival. The indolence was caused by Spain through lack of education, lack of economic opportunities, and exploitation through high taxes. The document also notes that lack of unity among Filipinos prevented resistance to the hostile Spanish government. It concludes that labeling an entire population as indolent ignores external oppressive forces imposed on them.
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THE 19TH CENTURY AS A CENTURY OF CHANGE.pptx
- 1. •EDUCATION •RISE OF THE CHINESE MESTIZO •RISE OF THE INQUILINO
- 2. EDUCATION Based on King Philip II’s Laws of the Indian it directed Spanish authorities in the Philippines to educate the Filipinos. Thus, Spanish missionaries established school and taught Filipinos how to read and write and learn the Spanish language but they were not serious in teaching the Spanish language for they were afraid the indios to be one. knowledgeable and become co – equal.
- 3. During that time some can read and write Spanish but fewer could speak the language properly. Indeed, they exposed indios more on Latin (official language of the church) than in Spanish language were established by the Spanish missionaries like the Augustinians, Franciscans, Jesuits and Dominicans. Filipinos were taught not only religion but also reading, writing and arithmetic and some vocational and practical subjects. To ensure learning Spanish friars used strict discipline and corporal punishment.
- 4. College ( equivalent to High schools today) were opened later. Boys and girls studied separately. The subjects taught to students included history, Latin, geography, mathematics and philosophy
- 5. University were opened in early 17th century. Colleges and universities accommodated only Spaniard and those with Spanish blood (Mestizo). Only in the 19th century natives were accepted to study in the universities and colleges. The emphasis of teaching was more in religion not so much on science and mathematics.
- 6. A breakthrough happened in 1863, when the government took control of educational system by establishing public schools. However, the curriculum was still under the control of the church. The schools became open to native but limited their accommodation to the wealthy sons of Indio Families.
- 7. With the system occurring, a new social clans emerged due to growing number of educated native dubbed as ilustrados. Spaniards still considered them as inferior but Filipinos strove to equal them.
- 8. The Suez Canal paved way for ilustrados to pursue higher education in Madrid and Barcelona. This also became an opportune time for them to explore more on liberalism and nationalism.
- 9. Propaganda Movement was born encouraging Filipinos for independence. Rizal was a prominent ilustrados who craved for freedom that inspired him to pen his novels.
- 10. The abolition of the Galleon Trade and the opening of Suez Canal had great impact to the political changes and economy in Europe that affected Spain as well as the Philippines. Foreign merchants had a great demand for Philippines products like sugar and abaca Hemp.
- 11. Most of the haciendas where these products were harvested were owned by Chinese – Filipino Mestizo. Due to this scenario, the Families of these Chinese Filipinos became progressive and obtained power in the Philippine Society.
- 12. Inquilinos is literally means tenants. They rent the land and pay farmers who work in the farm. They were the ones who supervised the farming, harvesting and trading of the crops. These inquilinos paid rent to the administrators of the land trusted by the friars estate owners.
- 13. The inquilinos paid exact amount to the administrators based how big the area they were renting. Inquilinos were Filipinos who sometimes became greedy in demanding irrational demands to their co-filipinos, the farmers. The system also gave them a chance to acquire more lands as their own.