The document discusses document splitting configuration in SAP. Document splitting allows splitting line items by dimensions like profit center. Key components of configuration include defining splitting attributes, methods, business variants, zero balance accounts, and classifying accounts and document types. Configuration ensures documents split correctly based on rules. Recent enhancements ensure profit center is defaulted in specific scenarios to support splitting in new systems.

1. THD - One Finance
Document Splitting
February 2020

2. Contents
▪ Document Splitting Overview
▪ Document Splitting Concept
▪ Document Splitting Configuration Key Components
▪ Document Splitting Configuration – Enhancement
▪ Useful Links
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3. Document Splitting Configuration – Overview
• Document splitting is functionality to split up line items for selected dimensions (such as receivable
lines by profit center) or to effect a zero balance setting in the document for selected dimensions.
• Using the document splitting functionality, an organization can draw complete financial statements for
the selected dimensions at any time.
• For document splitting to be possible, the individual document items and the documents must be
classified. Each classification corresponds to a rule in which it is specified how document splitting is to
occur and for which line items.
• SAP delivers a set of standard rules that should usually prove sufficient. If not, we can define your
own set of rules and adapt these according to our needs.

4. Document Splitting Configuration – Concept
Suppose a vendor invoice containing the following items is entered:
Document splitting then creates the following document in the General Ledger view:
Posting Key Account Profit Center Amount
31 Accounts Payable -100
40 Expense 0001 40
40 Expense 0002 60
Posting Key Account Profit Center Amount
31 Accounts Payable 0001 -40
31 Accounts Payable 0002 -60
40 Expense 0001 40
40 Expense 0002 60

5. Document Splitting Configuration – Example
Document overview in entry view Document overview in General Ledger view

6. Document Splitting – Active Vs Passive
Active Splitting
Active document splitting allows you to
maintain control on how documents are
getting split. The splitting is based on the
Business Transaction/Transaction Variant
assigned to the document type, and the Item
Category assigned to the GL account. The
system determines the splitting of each line
item in the document based on the splitting
rules.
Passive Splitting
Passive splitting is something that you do
not have control over. The system takes the
document splitting characteristics from the
original document that it is referencing. For
example, a reversal document that
references the original posted document. The
configuration does not affect passive
splitting.

7. Key Components of Document Splitting Configuration
The configuration of document splitting includes the following components
1. Definition of document splitting attribute
2. Definition of the Splitting Methods
3. Creation of the business variant
4. Determination of Zero Balance Account
5. Classification of the G/L accounts
6. Classification of the Document Types
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8. Document Splitting Attributes
• To activate document splitting, we have to specify document splitting characteristics as below.
• Zero balancing setting for the splitting characteristics
• Mandatory field setting for the splitting characteristics (system only accepts postings when this field
can be filled with a value from document splitting )

9. Document Splitting Methods
• Splitting method contains the rules on how the individual item categories are to be dealt with. If the
splitting methods delivered by SAP aren’t sufficient, you can create your own splitting method rather
that editing SAP delivered standard splitting methods.
• In the activation process of document splitting, a splitting method needs to be specified.

10. Document Splitting Configuration – Zero Balance Account
• For account assignment objects for which you want to have a zero-balance setting, the system checks
whether the balance of account assignment object is zero after document splitting. If this is not the
case, the system generates additional clearing items.
• As explained in the below example, account 2999005 gets triggered to balance amounts at the profit
center level. This account will always have 0 balances.

11. Document Splitting Configuration – GL Account
• In order to have document splitting recognize how the individual document items are to be handled, we
need to classify GL Accounts. We do this by assigning them to an item category. The item category is
determined by the account number.

12. Document Splitting Configuration – Document type
• Every business transaction that is entered is analyzed during the document splitting process. In this process, the
system determines which splitting rule is applied to the document. In order for the system to determine the splitting
rule, you must assign a business transaction variant to each document type.
• To ensure that a splitting rule is used appropriately, the relevant documents must meet certain requirements. These
requirements relate in particular to certain item categories that either must or must not be available. This information
is specified for each business transaction variant and is checked against the current document during posting. If the
document does not meet these requirements, the system rejects the posting.

13. Document Splitting Configuration – Process
Document Splitting Process
• When making a posting, the system determines from the document type the underlying business
transaction, assigns the item category to the individual items within the document, and checks
whether the item categories are permitted for that business transaction.
• The system creates a reference to preceding documents (such as clearing and invoice reference). The
system applies the account assignments that you have defined as document splitting characteristics
for General Ledger Accounting.
• Depending on the classification of the document, the system applies the related document splitting
rule for the document in which it is specified how the document is split and for which line items.
• For individual document splitting characteristics for General Ledger Accounting, you can define that the
line items for these document splitting characteristics must be assigned to an account (required entry
field). The system then checks whether the line items for these document splitting characteristics have
an account assignment. If not, the system rejects the posting and issues an error message.

14. Document Splitting Configuration – Rules
The system processes the document splitting rules as follows:
1. The list of item categories to be processed
2. The list of base item categories for the current item category to be processed

15. Document Splitting Configuration – Enhancement
In the current state, the profit center is not mandatory for all accounts in the SAP ECC environment. In order to ensure
the document splitting functionality is supported in the target system, we will need to ensure the profit center is
defaulted in specific business scenarios. The following are the scenarios in which a PC will be defaulted
• Single line Item with blank profit center field in source line item:
• Default the profit center as per the profit center mapping table . E.g. 9090 while posting to S/4 HANA for
company code 1001
• Company code is being merged into Company Code 1001 in source system:
• Populate the profit centers as per the table maintained for the company code conversion and respective profit
center
• Base Zero
• In case where the sum of the GL/PC is zero then default PC is updated.
• Document Flip
• In case system is stopping the document to post because of incorrect posting in source then with certain set of
rules the document type is flipped so that the document get posted.

16. Useful Links
RTR Document Splitting Configuration Word Document
Configuration Document Excel Workbook