The document discusses anti-patterns in test coverage, focusing on the test pyramid and its advantages, such as reduced test running time and maintenance costs as one moves down the pyramid. It identifies two main anti-patterns: the ice cream cone, which leads to slower regression cycles and extended defect detection times, and the cupcake, which increases build time and delivery costs while risking missed non-functional requirements. Suggested solutions include enhancing collaboration within teams and regularly reviewing the test pyramid.