Slide della quarta settimana del corso di Teoria dell'Informazione. Corso di Laurea in Scienze della Comunicazione, Università di Urbino. Argomento trattato: Teorie dei sistemi sociali, Parsons, Luhmann.
The document discusses several key sociological theories and concepts:
- Social exchange theory examines how relationships are formed through subjective cost-benefit analysis.
- Structural functionalism views society as a structure with interrelated parts that work toward the proper functioning of the whole.
- Symbolic interactionism focuses on how social interaction and interpretation shape individuals' meanings and actions.
- Talcott Parson's AGIL paradigm outlines four systemic functions - adaptation, goal attainment, integration, and pattern maintenance - that are prerequisites for any society to persist over time.
The document provides an overview of sociologist Talcott Parsons, including his educational and professional background, major works, and intellectual influences. It discusses how he helped establish structural functionalism as the dominant theoretical perspective in sociology in the 1950s-1960s by integrating insights from Weber, Durkheim, Hobhouse, and others. Parsons viewed social actions as real processes that both shape and are shaped by structural relations within a functioning social system.
Talcott Parsons fue un sociólogo estadounidense que enseñó en la Universidad de Harvard desde 1927 hasta 1974. Desarrolló la teoría del funcionalismo estructural, la cual sostiene que las sociedades tienden a la autorregulación a través de la interconexión de sus elementos como valores y funciones. Parsons también explicó conceptos como estructura, acción social y roles, y propuso que los sistemas sociales requieren cuatro imperativos funcionales (adaptación, metas, integración y latencia) para su supervivencia.
Presentación de Parsons, para clase efectuada por un grupo (Ariel Severo, Sebastian Lucas y Carlos Rosas), para Sociología de la Educación (materia de 2º de Profesorado, del Instituto de Formación Docente de Tacuarembó (Uruguay)
Talcott Parsons fue un sociólogo estadounidense que desarrolló la teoría del funcionalismo estructural. Nació en 1902 y murió en 1979. Se convirtió en la figura más destacada de la sociología estadounidense y estableció las bases para su propia teoría funcionalista, influenciado por teóricos como Max Weber. Parsons propuso que todo sistema social está compuesto por cuatro subsistemas -la política, la economía, la comunidad y el sistema fiduciario- que cumplen funciones necesarias como la adaptación
La ricerca Informazione e patrimonio culturale dell’Osservatorio News-Italia (news-italia.it) del LaRiCA dell’Università di Urbino Carlo Bo monitora dal 2014 la fruizione dell’informazione culturale degli italiani. La rilevazione 2017 si è proposta di osservare il consumo di informazione sui musei italiani e le attività e modalità di comunicazione da questi adottate, ed è stata articolata in due fasi, una quantitativa e una qualitativa:
1) interviste telefoniche da fisso (CATI) e mobile (CAMI), somministrate a un campione rappresentativo di cittadini italiani adulti (1007);
2) interviste in profondità a figure-chiave che si occupano di comunicazione in 10 musei italiani selezionati.
The document discusses several key sociological theories and concepts:
- Social exchange theory examines how relationships are formed through subjective cost-benefit analysis.
- Structural functionalism views society as a structure with interrelated parts that work toward the proper functioning of the whole.
- Symbolic interactionism focuses on how social interaction and interpretation shape individuals' meanings and actions.
- Talcott Parson's AGIL paradigm outlines four systemic functions - adaptation, goal attainment, integration, and pattern maintenance - that are prerequisites for any society to persist over time.
The document provides an overview of sociologist Talcott Parsons, including his educational and professional background, major works, and intellectual influences. It discusses how he helped establish structural functionalism as the dominant theoretical perspective in sociology in the 1950s-1960s by integrating insights from Weber, Durkheim, Hobhouse, and others. Parsons viewed social actions as real processes that both shape and are shaped by structural relations within a functioning social system.
Talcott Parsons fue un sociólogo estadounidense que enseñó en la Universidad de Harvard desde 1927 hasta 1974. Desarrolló la teoría del funcionalismo estructural, la cual sostiene que las sociedades tienden a la autorregulación a través de la interconexión de sus elementos como valores y funciones. Parsons también explicó conceptos como estructura, acción social y roles, y propuso que los sistemas sociales requieren cuatro imperativos funcionales (adaptación, metas, integración y latencia) para su supervivencia.
Presentación de Parsons, para clase efectuada por un grupo (Ariel Severo, Sebastian Lucas y Carlos Rosas), para Sociología de la Educación (materia de 2º de Profesorado, del Instituto de Formación Docente de Tacuarembó (Uruguay)
Talcott Parsons fue un sociólogo estadounidense que desarrolló la teoría del funcionalismo estructural. Nació en 1902 y murió en 1979. Se convirtió en la figura más destacada de la sociología estadounidense y estableció las bases para su propia teoría funcionalista, influenciado por teóricos como Max Weber. Parsons propuso que todo sistema social está compuesto por cuatro subsistemas -la política, la economía, la comunidad y el sistema fiduciario- que cumplen funciones necesarias como la adaptación
La ricerca Informazione e patrimonio culturale dell’Osservatorio News-Italia (news-italia.it) del LaRiCA dell’Università di Urbino Carlo Bo monitora dal 2014 la fruizione dell’informazione culturale degli italiani. La rilevazione 2017 si è proposta di osservare il consumo di informazione sui musei italiani e le attività e modalità di comunicazione da questi adottate, ed è stata articolata in due fasi, una quantitativa e una qualitativa:
1) interviste telefoniche da fisso (CATI) e mobile (CAMI), somministrate a un campione rappresentativo di cittadini italiani adulti (1007);
2) interviste in profondità a figure-chiave che si occupano di comunicazione in 10 musei italiani selezionati.
Giunta alla sua sesta edizione, l'indagine News-Italia descrive i cambiamenti nel modo di informarsi degli italiani. Il focus di quest'anno è dedicato all'informazione sul patrimonio culturale.
Presentazione della 5a edizione della ricerca dell’Osservatorio News-Italia: Informazione, social TV e serialità
In occasione della giornata di apertura della terza edizione del "Festival del giornalismo culturale. Promuovere la cultura conviene" (Urbino 23-24 aprile, Fano 25-26 aprile 2015) sarà presentata la ricerca dell’Osservatorio News-Italia su informazione e serialità.
- Principali risultati –
[1] La diffusione di internet come mezzo di informazione in Italia è seconda solo a quella della TV;
[2] Gran parte dell’informazione digitale viene ormai fruita attraverso smartphone e tablet;
[3] Anche la TV non è più la stessa. Sta rapidamente cambiando il modo di guardarla (schermi e pratiche) e di scegliere programmi;
[4] In questo nuovo contesto prospera la narrazione seriale, ma i gusti del pubblico sono fortemente differenziati in base all’età.
Un report per la stampa è disponibile a http://goo.gl/Vl4oBY.
1. The study analyzed over 8,000 tweets related to conversations around 11 Italian political talk shows during the 2012-2013 permanent campaign period;
2. It found that the number of active contributors to these conversations, averaging around 28,000 per day, was significantly higher than the TV audiences for the shows but much lower than Twitter users in Italy;
3. Politicians, show hosts, and non-political guests all participated in the online conversations to varying degrees depending on the party discussed in the show;
4. The form of participation, whether oriented towards the media or politics, differed based on the party talked about, with discussions on shows featuring the PD exhibiting more political participation and those on PDL shows exhibiting
This document analyzes audience participation on Twitter for the Italian political talk show "Servizio Pubblico" and entertainment show "X Factor". It finds that peaks in Twitter engagement are triggered by surprise for both shows and suspense for X Factor. Original tweets are more common for X Factor, suggesting it encourages more participation. Opinions are expressed more indirectly in political discussions through jokes or linking to information. Emotions are more frequent for X Factor tweets. The study provides insights into how TV format influences social media discussion styles.
News Italia 2014. Indagine su come gli Italiani si informano sui temi della cultura. Risultati presentati venerdì 25 Aprile 2014 in occasione della seconda edizione del Festival del Giornalismo Culturale di Urbino.
Articolo presentato durante il CONVEGNO ANNUALE DELL’ASSOCIAZIONE DI COMUNICAZIONE POLITICA. Lo studio della comunicazione politica tra vecchi e nuovi media. (Milano 12-13 Dicembre 2013)
First study on a complete dataset of Tweet
Speech presented during the 4th edition of Transforming Audiences Conference, University of Westminister - 3 Septermber 2013
This document outlines Fabio Giglietto's presentation on social systems and social networks at the 12th International Conference of Sociocybernetics. The presentation discusses social systems theory, semantics of social relationships, properties of networked space, the evolution of public spheres, opportunities for social science research using social media data, and case studies of Twitter and Facebook data analysis. It provides an agenda with topics on social theory, different social media platforms, opportunities to observe real social data, and examples of social media research on emergencies and network visualization.
Risultati dell'indagine presentata nell'ambito del "MEETING NAZIONALE SUL FSE IN ITALIA" organizzato da Assinter Italia (Napoli, Monastero della Collina dei Camaldoli, 14 giugno)
14 Maggio, Lezione nell'ambito del ciclo di seminari Spazi di Connessione, Dipartimento di Scienze Politiche Scienze della Comunicazione Ingegnieria dell'informazione, Università di Sassari
This document summarizes research analyzing Twitter data related to political talk shows in Italy. The researcher collected over 1 million tweets about 11 different talk shows over a 6-month period. Exploratory analysis showed correlations between the number of tweets about an episode and its television audience. Cluster analysis identified high-activity episodes. Statistical modeling found that a model incorporating the number of tweets, average past audience, and a "networked publics" metric could predict 94% of the variation in audience sizes. The researcher concludes Twitter data has potential for predicting television audiences but more metrics should be analyzed.
11TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF SOCIOCYBERNETICS
Complexity and Social Action: Interaction and Multiple Systems
2nd to 6th of July, Algarve University in Faro (Portugal)
Presentation delivered during the 4th national STS Italia conference. Rovigo, 22 June 2012.
Authors
Fabio Giglietto [fabio.giglietto@uniurb.it], Luca Rossi [luca.rossi@uniurb.it]
Department of Communication Studies - University of Urbino Carlo Bo
Abstract
The public by default nature of Twitter messages, together with the adoption of the #hashtag convention, led during the last few years to the creation of a digital space able to host world-wide conversation on almost every kind of topic (Bruns, 2011; Honeycutt & Herring, 2009; Huberman, Romero, & Wu, 2009; Marwick & boyd, 2010). Beside the adoption of hashtag based conversations as a way to deal with crisis and natural disasters, this practices has been largely adopted as an effective way to share the experience of watching television. So far research on this phenomenon has been focused mainly on large media events (Dayan & Katz, 1994) where Twitter participation occurred as part of the media experience of a single and unique event (Rossi, Magnani, & Iadarola, 2011). These topical discussions take place outside of the standard Twitter network made of follower and followee and represent one of the most interesting recent examples of social shaping of digital media. Hashtag conversations, as well as the idea of the hashtag itself, do not come, in fact, with Twitter’s original feature but instead exploit available affordances of the media (Bruns, 2011; Tumasjan, Sprenger, Sandner, & Welpe, 2010).
This paper bring a substantial contribution to the understanding of how Twitter users’ real practices can reshape the experience of contemporary television by focusing on the study of an appointment based TV show: Servizio Pubblico. Servizio Pubblico is a political talk show aired weekly starting from November 3rd 2011 simultaneously, both on Pay-TV, a large number of local broadcasters and streamed online live on several websites. This peculiar airing/streaming strategy, as well as the more traditional weekly appointment schedule, represents an unexplored scenario for Twitter based studies.
The paper will focus on the following research questions:
RQ1. Is the Twitter conversation network of Servizio Pubblico changing over the several weeks of the show airing? Is it possible to identify a definite set of participants or are they changing every week?
RQ2. Is the conversation mainly made of comments on what is happening in the show or the topic addressed by the TV show actually ignite some debate?
RQ3. Can the Twitter activity be considered as a good indicator of a TV show success? How can it be compared with more traditional data such as the number of viewer or the audience share?
The three RQs will be addressed by analyzing, with a quanti-qualitative methodology, a dataset of over 90,750 Tweet containing the #serviziopubblico hashtag gathered starting from the October 26th 2010.
This document compares Twitter metrics from two Italian crisis datasets: the 2012 Emilia earthquake and a 2012 incident in Brindisi. It provides metrics on the number of tweets, original tweets, retweets, replies, URLs, and number of unique users for each dataset. It also shows the percentage of tweets from the top 1, 10, and 90 most active users. The datasets are compared to analyze social media use during crises.
Giunta alla sua sesta edizione, l'indagine News-Italia descrive i cambiamenti nel modo di informarsi degli italiani. Il focus di quest'anno è dedicato all'informazione sul patrimonio culturale.
Presentazione della 5a edizione della ricerca dell’Osservatorio News-Italia: Informazione, social TV e serialità
In occasione della giornata di apertura della terza edizione del "Festival del giornalismo culturale. Promuovere la cultura conviene" (Urbino 23-24 aprile, Fano 25-26 aprile 2015) sarà presentata la ricerca dell’Osservatorio News-Italia su informazione e serialità.
- Principali risultati –
[1] La diffusione di internet come mezzo di informazione in Italia è seconda solo a quella della TV;
[2] Gran parte dell’informazione digitale viene ormai fruita attraverso smartphone e tablet;
[3] Anche la TV non è più la stessa. Sta rapidamente cambiando il modo di guardarla (schermi e pratiche) e di scegliere programmi;
[4] In questo nuovo contesto prospera la narrazione seriale, ma i gusti del pubblico sono fortemente differenziati in base all’età.
Un report per la stampa è disponibile a http://goo.gl/Vl4oBY.
1. The study analyzed over 8,000 tweets related to conversations around 11 Italian political talk shows during the 2012-2013 permanent campaign period;
2. It found that the number of active contributors to these conversations, averaging around 28,000 per day, was significantly higher than the TV audiences for the shows but much lower than Twitter users in Italy;
3. Politicians, show hosts, and non-political guests all participated in the online conversations to varying degrees depending on the party discussed in the show;
4. The form of participation, whether oriented towards the media or politics, differed based on the party talked about, with discussions on shows featuring the PD exhibiting more political participation and those on PDL shows exhibiting
This document analyzes audience participation on Twitter for the Italian political talk show "Servizio Pubblico" and entertainment show "X Factor". It finds that peaks in Twitter engagement are triggered by surprise for both shows and suspense for X Factor. Original tweets are more common for X Factor, suggesting it encourages more participation. Opinions are expressed more indirectly in political discussions through jokes or linking to information. Emotions are more frequent for X Factor tweets. The study provides insights into how TV format influences social media discussion styles.
News Italia 2014. Indagine su come gli Italiani si informano sui temi della cultura. Risultati presentati venerdì 25 Aprile 2014 in occasione della seconda edizione del Festival del Giornalismo Culturale di Urbino.
Articolo presentato durante il CONVEGNO ANNUALE DELL’ASSOCIAZIONE DI COMUNICAZIONE POLITICA. Lo studio della comunicazione politica tra vecchi e nuovi media. (Milano 12-13 Dicembre 2013)
First study on a complete dataset of Tweet
Speech presented during the 4th edition of Transforming Audiences Conference, University of Westminister - 3 Septermber 2013
This document outlines Fabio Giglietto's presentation on social systems and social networks at the 12th International Conference of Sociocybernetics. The presentation discusses social systems theory, semantics of social relationships, properties of networked space, the evolution of public spheres, opportunities for social science research using social media data, and case studies of Twitter and Facebook data analysis. It provides an agenda with topics on social theory, different social media platforms, opportunities to observe real social data, and examples of social media research on emergencies and network visualization.
Risultati dell'indagine presentata nell'ambito del "MEETING NAZIONALE SUL FSE IN ITALIA" organizzato da Assinter Italia (Napoli, Monastero della Collina dei Camaldoli, 14 giugno)
14 Maggio, Lezione nell'ambito del ciclo di seminari Spazi di Connessione, Dipartimento di Scienze Politiche Scienze della Comunicazione Ingegnieria dell'informazione, Università di Sassari
This document summarizes research analyzing Twitter data related to political talk shows in Italy. The researcher collected over 1 million tweets about 11 different talk shows over a 6-month period. Exploratory analysis showed correlations between the number of tweets about an episode and its television audience. Cluster analysis identified high-activity episodes. Statistical modeling found that a model incorporating the number of tweets, average past audience, and a "networked publics" metric could predict 94% of the variation in audience sizes. The researcher concludes Twitter data has potential for predicting television audiences but more metrics should be analyzed.
11TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF SOCIOCYBERNETICS
Complexity and Social Action: Interaction and Multiple Systems
2nd to 6th of July, Algarve University in Faro (Portugal)
Presentation delivered during the 4th national STS Italia conference. Rovigo, 22 June 2012.
Authors
Fabio Giglietto [fabio.giglietto@uniurb.it], Luca Rossi [luca.rossi@uniurb.it]
Department of Communication Studies - University of Urbino Carlo Bo
Abstract
The public by default nature of Twitter messages, together with the adoption of the #hashtag convention, led during the last few years to the creation of a digital space able to host world-wide conversation on almost every kind of topic (Bruns, 2011; Honeycutt & Herring, 2009; Huberman, Romero, & Wu, 2009; Marwick & boyd, 2010). Beside the adoption of hashtag based conversations as a way to deal with crisis and natural disasters, this practices has been largely adopted as an effective way to share the experience of watching television. So far research on this phenomenon has been focused mainly on large media events (Dayan & Katz, 1994) where Twitter participation occurred as part of the media experience of a single and unique event (Rossi, Magnani, & Iadarola, 2011). These topical discussions take place outside of the standard Twitter network made of follower and followee and represent one of the most interesting recent examples of social shaping of digital media. Hashtag conversations, as well as the idea of the hashtag itself, do not come, in fact, with Twitter’s original feature but instead exploit available affordances of the media (Bruns, 2011; Tumasjan, Sprenger, Sandner, & Welpe, 2010).
This paper bring a substantial contribution to the understanding of how Twitter users’ real practices can reshape the experience of contemporary television by focusing on the study of an appointment based TV show: Servizio Pubblico. Servizio Pubblico is a political talk show aired weekly starting from November 3rd 2011 simultaneously, both on Pay-TV, a large number of local broadcasters and streamed online live on several websites. This peculiar airing/streaming strategy, as well as the more traditional weekly appointment schedule, represents an unexplored scenario for Twitter based studies.
The paper will focus on the following research questions:
RQ1. Is the Twitter conversation network of Servizio Pubblico changing over the several weeks of the show airing? Is it possible to identify a definite set of participants or are they changing every week?
RQ2. Is the conversation mainly made of comments on what is happening in the show or the topic addressed by the TV show actually ignite some debate?
RQ3. Can the Twitter activity be considered as a good indicator of a TV show success? How can it be compared with more traditional data such as the number of viewer or the audience share?
The three RQs will be addressed by analyzing, with a quanti-qualitative methodology, a dataset of over 90,750 Tweet containing the #serviziopubblico hashtag gathered starting from the October 26th 2010.
This document compares Twitter metrics from two Italian crisis datasets: the 2012 Emilia earthquake and a 2012 incident in Brindisi. It provides metrics on the number of tweets, original tweets, retweets, replies, URLs, and number of unique users for each dataset. It also shows the percentage of tweets from the top 1, 10, and 90 most active users. The datasets are compared to analyze social media use during crises.