Enzymes lower the activation energy needed for chemical reactions to occur. They make reactions easier and faster by reducing the amount of energy required to start the reaction. Enzymes are specialized proteins that catalyze specific reactions in the body by binding to reactants and reducing the activation energy hill. This allows reactions to proceed more readily and quickly with less input of energy.
The document describes an experiment to absorb power from thunder using a chemical reaction. Magnesium is placed in water, which causes it to spark and produce positively charged sand particles. These particles are used to construct a tower that absorbs the negative charge from thunder. The absorbed electricity is then used to generate hydroelectric power for areas without electricity.
Heat is transferred through particles vibrating (conduction), air rising when hot (convection), and radiation being absorbed and reflected. Insulation in walls traps air which is an insulator, while different methods like passive solar heating and fossil fuels generate heat energy through various processes. When a solid melts it changes state at a constant temperature.
Mike Allen and his team at Allen's Stainless built Project 67, transforming a 1967 Ford Mustang from junk to a jewel. They took a rundown Mustang and restored it through their skilled craftsmanship, bringing the classic car back to its former glory.
Solar energy originates from the thermonuclear fusion reactions of the sun. It represents the entire electromagnetic spectrum that reaches Earth. Solar energy has the advantage of being pollution-free and sustainable, as the sun provides incredible amounts of energy to Earth each day equivalent to all fossil fuels. However, solar energy is diffuse and intermittent, requiring technologies to concentrate and store it. Various technologies exist to harness solar energy for heating water and living spaces or generating electricity through solar thermal or photovoltaic means, but they remain more expensive than fossil fuel alternatives.
Solar energy originates from the thermonuclear fusion reactions of the sun. It represents the entire electromagnetic spectrum that reaches Earth. Solar energy has the advantage of producing no pollutants, as 30 days of sunshine provides more energy than all fossil fuels on Earth. However, solar energy is diffuse and intermittent, requiring concentration and storage to be useful. Various technologies have been developed to collect, convert, and store solar energy for heating water and buildings, or generating electricity through solar thermal power towers, parabolic dishes, and photovoltaic cells.
Solar energy originates from the thermonuclear fusion reactions occurring in the sun. It represents the entire electromagnetic radiation that reaches Earth. The advantages of solar energy are that it produces no polluting byproducts, and the energy reaching Earth in 30 days equals all fossil fuels on the planet. Challenges include its diffuse nature and inconsistent availability. Solar energy can be used to heat water and living spaces through passive and active collection and storage systems. It can also be converted to electricity through solar thermal power towers, dishes, troughs, and photovoltaic cells, though the latter have lower efficiency and higher costs than traditional power sources.
A miracle of fire is conducted every 2 years at Lakkavalli, Karnataka. This miracle involves fire by the eyes of god. The miracle is then exposed by S. SrinivasNatekar of Shravanabelagola, who demonstrates how it is performed.
Enzymes lower the activation energy needed for chemical reactions to occur. They make reactions easier and faster by reducing the amount of energy required to start the reaction. Enzymes are specialized proteins that catalyze specific reactions in the body by binding to reactants and reducing the activation energy hill. This allows reactions to proceed more readily and quickly with less input of energy.
The document describes an experiment to absorb power from thunder using a chemical reaction. Magnesium is placed in water, which causes it to spark and produce positively charged sand particles. These particles are used to construct a tower that absorbs the negative charge from thunder. The absorbed electricity is then used to generate hydroelectric power for areas without electricity.
Heat is transferred through particles vibrating (conduction), air rising when hot (convection), and radiation being absorbed and reflected. Insulation in walls traps air which is an insulator, while different methods like passive solar heating and fossil fuels generate heat energy through various processes. When a solid melts it changes state at a constant temperature.
Mike Allen and his team at Allen's Stainless built Project 67, transforming a 1967 Ford Mustang from junk to a jewel. They took a rundown Mustang and restored it through their skilled craftsmanship, bringing the classic car back to its former glory.
Solar energy originates from the thermonuclear fusion reactions of the sun. It represents the entire electromagnetic spectrum that reaches Earth. Solar energy has the advantage of being pollution-free and sustainable, as the sun provides incredible amounts of energy to Earth each day equivalent to all fossil fuels. However, solar energy is diffuse and intermittent, requiring technologies to concentrate and store it. Various technologies exist to harness solar energy for heating water and living spaces or generating electricity through solar thermal or photovoltaic means, but they remain more expensive than fossil fuel alternatives.
Solar energy originates from the thermonuclear fusion reactions of the sun. It represents the entire electromagnetic spectrum that reaches Earth. Solar energy has the advantage of producing no pollutants, as 30 days of sunshine provides more energy than all fossil fuels on Earth. However, solar energy is diffuse and intermittent, requiring concentration and storage to be useful. Various technologies have been developed to collect, convert, and store solar energy for heating water and buildings, or generating electricity through solar thermal power towers, parabolic dishes, and photovoltaic cells.
Solar energy originates from the thermonuclear fusion reactions occurring in the sun. It represents the entire electromagnetic radiation that reaches Earth. The advantages of solar energy are that it produces no polluting byproducts, and the energy reaching Earth in 30 days equals all fossil fuels on the planet. Challenges include its diffuse nature and inconsistent availability. Solar energy can be used to heat water and living spaces through passive and active collection and storage systems. It can also be converted to electricity through solar thermal power towers, dishes, troughs, and photovoltaic cells, though the latter have lower efficiency and higher costs than traditional power sources.
A miracle of fire is conducted every 2 years at Lakkavalli, Karnataka. This miracle involves fire by the eyes of god. The miracle is then exposed by S. SrinivasNatekar of Shravanabelagola, who demonstrates how it is performed.
The document investigates the efficiency of a solar cooker box with four reflectors. It describes how solar cookers work by converting sunlight to thermal energy. The advantages are listed as reduced travel for firewood, lower costs than other fuels, and reduced emissions. Limitations include long cooking times, reliance on sunny weather, and inconsistent results. Dimensions and materials used to construct the solar oven are provided. Testing showed efficiency increased with smaller differences between collector and ambient temperatures. Recommendations include adding wheels and improving the window seal to boost performance.
This document describes a project that harnesses heat energy using the Peltier effect to generate electricity. It introduces pyroelectricity and how a Peltier device can create a potential difference between two materials based on a temperature difference. Some advantages of this system include charging phones while cooking, powering a light bulb during power outages, and using a Peltier-powered fan as a miniature air conditioner by harvesting wasted heat.
1. Solar energy is energy from the sun that can be harnessed to heat buildings, provide light, and generate electricity through technologies like photovoltaic (PV) cells.
2. An experiment was conducted using a box with a black interior to collect solar energy and heat water, demonstrating how solar energy works on a small scale. Measurements showed the temperature of the water increased after being left in sunlight.
3. PV cells can produce electricity through the photovoltaic phenomenon of converting sunlight directly into electricity at the atomic level.
This document provides information on various renewable energy systems, including how photovoltaic (PV) cells, PV systems, solar thermal systems, solar air panels, and a solar tour work. It then lists the sites and times that will be included on the solar tour, along with brief descriptions of the renewable energy installations at each location.
Global warming is defined as a rise in the average temperature of the Earth's atmosphere and oceans. It is primarily caused by increased levels of carbon dioxide and other air pollutants that are released from transportation, industrial processes like manufacturing, and power plants that burn fossil fuels. The results of global warming include animal extinction, sea level rise, coastal erosion, flooding, and landslides. To help stop global warming, individuals can reduce their energy usage, reuse and recycle products, and encourage others to conserve resources through education and advocacy.
Global warming is caused by greenhouse gases trapping heat in the Earth's atmosphere, which increases temperatures and causes some animals to die due to not being able to adapt to the changes. The document provides ways to fight global warming such as reducing waste through recycling and reusing materials, using less energy for heating/cooling, driving less and more efficiently, turning electronics off when not in use, planting trees, buying energy-efficient products, and encouraging conservation in others. It also includes images and a puzzle related to global warming.
Modified solar collector annexed with residential solar cookerIAEME Publication
This document summarizes a study on modifying a residential solar cooker by adding vacuum tubes filled with phase change materials (PCM) to enable nighttime cooking. The system uses a parabolic collector to concentrate sunlight into vacuum tubes containing PCM and copper coils. Heat is transferred to a cooker jacket through insulated pipes. A pump circulates water to cook food at temperatures up to 150°C. PCM stores excess heat for nighttime cooking. Calculations determine the required PCM mass is 57kg, which can be filled in two 124mm diameter vacuum tubes holding 40kg total, with the remaining 17kg stored in an insulated box. This modified solar cooker aims to reduce reliance on fuels like LPG for cooking.
Microwave ovens heat food using electromagnetic radiation to cause polar molecules in the food, such as water, to rotate and produce thermal energy. The key components of a microwave oven are a magnetron that generates microwaves, a cavity that distributes the waves, and a control panel. Microwaves excite the polar molecules in food, which causes them to vibrate and produce heat through dielectric heating, quickly cooking the food from the inside out.
The document defines energy as the ability to do work, where work is done when a force causes an object to move. It describes different forms of energy including kinetic energy from motion, potential energy from position or height, mechanical energy from a combination of kinetic and potential, thermal energy from particle motion, chemical energy from bonds, electrical from moving electrons, sound from vibrations, light as electromagnetic waves, and nuclear from atomic nuclei reactions. Energy and work are measured in joules and energy can be transferred when work is done to cause motion.
The document describes solar ponds, which are large shallow bodies of water arranged to have reversed temperature gradients compared to normal ponds. Solar ponds consist of three layers - an upper convective zone, a non-convecting zone, and a lower convective zone. The salinity and temperature increase with depth in the non-convecting zone, inhibiting convection and providing insulation. Heat is stored in the lower convecting zone at temperatures 40-50°C above ambient. Solar ponds can be used for electric power generation, desalination, and space or water heating.
The document discusses the electricity, water, and window sources for a sustainable house. Solar panels and a wind turbine will generate electricity, while two water tanks will collect and store rainwater. Double glazed windows and large windows to let in light will be used, and solar panels will heat water for the house.
This document discusses global warming and provides tips for reducing energy usage to help stop it. It explains that electricity and heating are usually produced by burning fossil fuels which release greenhouse gases and warm the Earth. Some effects of global warming mentioned include melting Arctic ice, shrinking polar bear habitats, and droughts. The document then lists several actions individuals can take to save energy in their homes, such as turning off lights when not in use, using energy efficient bulbs, lowering thermostats, closing doors and windows when heating is on, wearing warmer clothes, insulating homes, only boiling needed water, and using lids on pans. It emphasizes everyone can play a role and that saving energy is the duty of all citizens.
The heat pump animation shows how a heat pump works to heat water for a geyser. Outdoor air passes through an air to gas heat exchanger, raising the temperature of refrigerant gas. A compressor then increases the gas temperature to 55 degrees Celsius. This heat is transferred to water circulated from a geyser via a gas to water heat exchanger. As heat transfers, the refrigerant cools and an expansion valve further lowers the pressure and temperature before it passes back through the air to gas heat exchanger.
Andrew Bissell & Richard Jennings, Managing Director Castle Rock Edinvar presented the attached at an event organised by Holyrood Events - Eradicating Fuel Poverty: Delivering Warm Homes.
If you require any further information on this presentation please contact andrew.bissell@sunamp.co.uk or for information on the event please contact zoe@hoyrood.com
The document discusses guilds, which are designed communities of organisms grouped together to mutually benefit each other. It provides examples of different types of plants and organisms that can be included in a guild, such as nitrogen fixers, perennial herbs, fungi, and animals. It also discusses how to design guilds by focusing on one plant's needs initially, connecting other plants that have direct or indirect relationships, and planning for the guild's future succession. Specific plant families and examples of good combinations and things to avoid are also outlined.
This document discusses soil composition and properties. It explains that soil is a mixture of minerals, organic matter, water and air that supports a thriving ecosystem. It is dynamic and variable depending on location. Rocks break down over time, contributing minerals and transforming through physical and chemical weathering. Organic inputs from plants and organisms also contribute to and transform the soil. A diversity of soil texture, structure, and organisms is important for nutrient retention, crop quality, and plant growth. Maintaining healthy soil requires understanding its composition and managing organic matter.
This document provides an overview of macro climate factors and global land biomes that influence gardens. It discusses major climatic influences like the sun, global air circulation patterns, and rain shadows. It also outlines the main global land biomes like forests, grasslands, tundra, Mediterranean/chaparral/maquis regions, and deserts and how they are defined by climate and vegetation patterns. The document aims to help understand where a local garden fits within the global biosphere and climatic context.
This document provides an overview of aquatic ecosystems and considerations for designing and maintaining ponds and other small bodies of water. It discusses key factors that determine the plant and animal life in aquatic environments, including nutrient content, depth, light penetration, and acidity. Optimal conditions for biodiversity are described as having good nutrient levels to support primary producers, balanced phytoplankton levels, sufficient depth for underwater plant growth, and moderate pH. Specific designs are presented, like chinampas and aquaponics, and uses for common aquatic plants and animals are outlined. The document aims to educate on creating sustainable aquatic habitats.
This document discusses different methods for using and maintaining trees, including shelterbelts, coppicing, and pollarding. It provides guidelines for selecting tree species for shelterbelts, noting characteristics like rapid growth, wind resistance, and drought tolerance. Suitable species mentioned include plum, dog rose, privet, and hazel. The document also briefly explains the differences between coppicing and pollarding tree maintenance techniques and presents a vision of "super trees" that could generate power and harvest rainwater.
Permaculture Principles: Energy Efficient Planning & Use of Biological ResourcesBalkan Ecology Project
The document discusses principles of energy efficient planning and design through organizing elements based on zones, sectors, and slope. Zones refer to placing elements based on intensity of use. Sectors map invisible energies like wind, sun, noise, and wildlife. Slope considers maximizing energy gain by working with gravity, air flow, and solar thermal aspects. The goal is making interrelationships between elements, designing multiple functions into every element to save space and energy, including multiple elements for important functions for resiliency, and planning concentrates and reduces labor while using biological resources to make no waste.
This document provides information on various natural building techniques such as earth bricks, rammed earth, cob, wattle and daub, light earth, strawbale construction, timber framing, cordwood masonry, earth bag construction, super adobe, thatch roofing, and roundhouse construction. It discusses foundational aspects, structural elements, plastering, and aesthetics. It also highlights some examples of natural buildings from different regions.
The document investigates the efficiency of a solar cooker box with four reflectors. It describes how solar cookers work by converting sunlight to thermal energy. The advantages are listed as reduced travel for firewood, lower costs than other fuels, and reduced emissions. Limitations include long cooking times, reliance on sunny weather, and inconsistent results. Dimensions and materials used to construct the solar oven are provided. Testing showed efficiency increased with smaller differences between collector and ambient temperatures. Recommendations include adding wheels and improving the window seal to boost performance.
This document describes a project that harnesses heat energy using the Peltier effect to generate electricity. It introduces pyroelectricity and how a Peltier device can create a potential difference between two materials based on a temperature difference. Some advantages of this system include charging phones while cooking, powering a light bulb during power outages, and using a Peltier-powered fan as a miniature air conditioner by harvesting wasted heat.
1. Solar energy is energy from the sun that can be harnessed to heat buildings, provide light, and generate electricity through technologies like photovoltaic (PV) cells.
2. An experiment was conducted using a box with a black interior to collect solar energy and heat water, demonstrating how solar energy works on a small scale. Measurements showed the temperature of the water increased after being left in sunlight.
3. PV cells can produce electricity through the photovoltaic phenomenon of converting sunlight directly into electricity at the atomic level.
This document provides information on various renewable energy systems, including how photovoltaic (PV) cells, PV systems, solar thermal systems, solar air panels, and a solar tour work. It then lists the sites and times that will be included on the solar tour, along with brief descriptions of the renewable energy installations at each location.
Global warming is defined as a rise in the average temperature of the Earth's atmosphere and oceans. It is primarily caused by increased levels of carbon dioxide and other air pollutants that are released from transportation, industrial processes like manufacturing, and power plants that burn fossil fuels. The results of global warming include animal extinction, sea level rise, coastal erosion, flooding, and landslides. To help stop global warming, individuals can reduce their energy usage, reuse and recycle products, and encourage others to conserve resources through education and advocacy.
Global warming is caused by greenhouse gases trapping heat in the Earth's atmosphere, which increases temperatures and causes some animals to die due to not being able to adapt to the changes. The document provides ways to fight global warming such as reducing waste through recycling and reusing materials, using less energy for heating/cooling, driving less and more efficiently, turning electronics off when not in use, planting trees, buying energy-efficient products, and encouraging conservation in others. It also includes images and a puzzle related to global warming.
Modified solar collector annexed with residential solar cookerIAEME Publication
This document summarizes a study on modifying a residential solar cooker by adding vacuum tubes filled with phase change materials (PCM) to enable nighttime cooking. The system uses a parabolic collector to concentrate sunlight into vacuum tubes containing PCM and copper coils. Heat is transferred to a cooker jacket through insulated pipes. A pump circulates water to cook food at temperatures up to 150°C. PCM stores excess heat for nighttime cooking. Calculations determine the required PCM mass is 57kg, which can be filled in two 124mm diameter vacuum tubes holding 40kg total, with the remaining 17kg stored in an insulated box. This modified solar cooker aims to reduce reliance on fuels like LPG for cooking.
Microwave ovens heat food using electromagnetic radiation to cause polar molecules in the food, such as water, to rotate and produce thermal energy. The key components of a microwave oven are a magnetron that generates microwaves, a cavity that distributes the waves, and a control panel. Microwaves excite the polar molecules in food, which causes them to vibrate and produce heat through dielectric heating, quickly cooking the food from the inside out.
The document defines energy as the ability to do work, where work is done when a force causes an object to move. It describes different forms of energy including kinetic energy from motion, potential energy from position or height, mechanical energy from a combination of kinetic and potential, thermal energy from particle motion, chemical energy from bonds, electrical from moving electrons, sound from vibrations, light as electromagnetic waves, and nuclear from atomic nuclei reactions. Energy and work are measured in joules and energy can be transferred when work is done to cause motion.
The document describes solar ponds, which are large shallow bodies of water arranged to have reversed temperature gradients compared to normal ponds. Solar ponds consist of three layers - an upper convective zone, a non-convecting zone, and a lower convective zone. The salinity and temperature increase with depth in the non-convecting zone, inhibiting convection and providing insulation. Heat is stored in the lower convecting zone at temperatures 40-50°C above ambient. Solar ponds can be used for electric power generation, desalination, and space or water heating.
The document discusses the electricity, water, and window sources for a sustainable house. Solar panels and a wind turbine will generate electricity, while two water tanks will collect and store rainwater. Double glazed windows and large windows to let in light will be used, and solar panels will heat water for the house.
This document discusses global warming and provides tips for reducing energy usage to help stop it. It explains that electricity and heating are usually produced by burning fossil fuels which release greenhouse gases and warm the Earth. Some effects of global warming mentioned include melting Arctic ice, shrinking polar bear habitats, and droughts. The document then lists several actions individuals can take to save energy in their homes, such as turning off lights when not in use, using energy efficient bulbs, lowering thermostats, closing doors and windows when heating is on, wearing warmer clothes, insulating homes, only boiling needed water, and using lids on pans. It emphasizes everyone can play a role and that saving energy is the duty of all citizens.
The heat pump animation shows how a heat pump works to heat water for a geyser. Outdoor air passes through an air to gas heat exchanger, raising the temperature of refrigerant gas. A compressor then increases the gas temperature to 55 degrees Celsius. This heat is transferred to water circulated from a geyser via a gas to water heat exchanger. As heat transfers, the refrigerant cools and an expansion valve further lowers the pressure and temperature before it passes back through the air to gas heat exchanger.
Andrew Bissell & Richard Jennings, Managing Director Castle Rock Edinvar presented the attached at an event organised by Holyrood Events - Eradicating Fuel Poverty: Delivering Warm Homes.
If you require any further information on this presentation please contact andrew.bissell@sunamp.co.uk or for information on the event please contact zoe@hoyrood.com
The document discusses guilds, which are designed communities of organisms grouped together to mutually benefit each other. It provides examples of different types of plants and organisms that can be included in a guild, such as nitrogen fixers, perennial herbs, fungi, and animals. It also discusses how to design guilds by focusing on one plant's needs initially, connecting other plants that have direct or indirect relationships, and planning for the guild's future succession. Specific plant families and examples of good combinations and things to avoid are also outlined.
This document discusses soil composition and properties. It explains that soil is a mixture of minerals, organic matter, water and air that supports a thriving ecosystem. It is dynamic and variable depending on location. Rocks break down over time, contributing minerals and transforming through physical and chemical weathering. Organic inputs from plants and organisms also contribute to and transform the soil. A diversity of soil texture, structure, and organisms is important for nutrient retention, crop quality, and plant growth. Maintaining healthy soil requires understanding its composition and managing organic matter.
This document provides an overview of macro climate factors and global land biomes that influence gardens. It discusses major climatic influences like the sun, global air circulation patterns, and rain shadows. It also outlines the main global land biomes like forests, grasslands, tundra, Mediterranean/chaparral/maquis regions, and deserts and how they are defined by climate and vegetation patterns. The document aims to help understand where a local garden fits within the global biosphere and climatic context.
This document provides an overview of aquatic ecosystems and considerations for designing and maintaining ponds and other small bodies of water. It discusses key factors that determine the plant and animal life in aquatic environments, including nutrient content, depth, light penetration, and acidity. Optimal conditions for biodiversity are described as having good nutrient levels to support primary producers, balanced phytoplankton levels, sufficient depth for underwater plant growth, and moderate pH. Specific designs are presented, like chinampas and aquaponics, and uses for common aquatic plants and animals are outlined. The document aims to educate on creating sustainable aquatic habitats.
This document discusses different methods for using and maintaining trees, including shelterbelts, coppicing, and pollarding. It provides guidelines for selecting tree species for shelterbelts, noting characteristics like rapid growth, wind resistance, and drought tolerance. Suitable species mentioned include plum, dog rose, privet, and hazel. The document also briefly explains the differences between coppicing and pollarding tree maintenance techniques and presents a vision of "super trees" that could generate power and harvest rainwater.
Permaculture Principles: Energy Efficient Planning & Use of Biological ResourcesBalkan Ecology Project
The document discusses principles of energy efficient planning and design through organizing elements based on zones, sectors, and slope. Zones refer to placing elements based on intensity of use. Sectors map invisible energies like wind, sun, noise, and wildlife. Slope considers maximizing energy gain by working with gravity, air flow, and solar thermal aspects. The goal is making interrelationships between elements, designing multiple functions into every element to save space and energy, including multiple elements for important functions for resiliency, and planning concentrates and reduces labor while using biological resources to make no waste.
This document provides information on various natural building techniques such as earth bricks, rammed earth, cob, wattle and daub, light earth, strawbale construction, timber framing, cordwood masonry, earth bag construction, super adobe, thatch roofing, and roundhouse construction. It discusses foundational aspects, structural elements, plastering, and aesthetics. It also highlights some examples of natural buildings from different regions.
Permaculture Design Certificate Course session. Learning how to read forms and structures in nature and interpret their functions to improve efficiency in design.
This document provides information about designing and maintaining aquatic habitats, including ponds. It discusses key factors that determine the plant and animal life in bodies of water, such as nutrient levels, depth, light penetration, and acidity. Optimal habitats have a good supply of nutrients, balanced levels of algae to allow light penetration, and sufficient depth. Examples of habitat designs discussed include chinampas, aquaponics, and ponds with different plant zones. Specific plants and animals that can be incorporated into pond ecosystems are also described, such as common carp, frogs, toads, and various oxygenating and edible plants. The document advocates designing ponds to include habitats that meet the needs of different species.
Trees first appeared on Earth over 400 million years ago and have since diversified into many forms inhabiting various climates and habitats. Trees provide many ecological functions including sheltering plants from wind, moderating temperatures, preventing erosion, and providing wildlife habitat. Various agroforestry systems have been developed that incorporate trees into agricultural landscapes. These systems provide environmental benefits while also yielding useful products.
This presentation includes basic of PCOS their pathology and treatment and also Ayurveda correlation of PCOS and Ayurvedic line of treatment mentioned in classics.
A workshop hosted by the South African Journal of Science aimed at postgraduate students and early career researchers with little or no experience in writing and publishing journal articles.
Main Java[All of the Base Concepts}.docxadhitya5119
This is part 1 of my Java Learning Journey. This Contains Custom methods, classes, constructors, packages, multithreading , try- catch block, finally block and more.
हिंदी वर्णमाला पीपीटी, hindi alphabet PPT presentation, hindi varnamala PPT, Hindi Varnamala pdf, हिंदी स्वर, हिंदी व्यंजन, sikhiye hindi varnmala, dr. mulla adam ali, hindi language and literature, hindi alphabet with drawing, hindi alphabet pdf, hindi varnamala for childrens, hindi language, hindi varnamala practice for kids, https://www.drmullaadamali.com
Chapter wise All Notes of First year Basic Civil Engineering.pptxDenish Jangid
Chapter wise All Notes of First year Basic Civil Engineering
Syllabus
Chapter-1
Introduction to objective, scope and outcome the subject
Chapter 2
Introduction: Scope and Specialization of Civil Engineering, Role of civil Engineer in Society, Impact of infrastructural development on economy of country.
Chapter 3
Surveying: Object Principles & Types of Surveying; Site Plans, Plans & Maps; Scales & Unit of different Measurements.
Linear Measurements: Instruments used. Linear Measurement by Tape, Ranging out Survey Lines and overcoming Obstructions; Measurements on sloping ground; Tape corrections, conventional symbols. Angular Measurements: Instruments used; Introduction to Compass Surveying, Bearings and Longitude & Latitude of a Line, Introduction to total station.
Levelling: Instrument used Object of levelling, Methods of levelling in brief, and Contour maps.
Chapter 4
Buildings: Selection of site for Buildings, Layout of Building Plan, Types of buildings, Plinth area, carpet area, floor space index, Introduction to building byelaws, concept of sun light & ventilation. Components of Buildings & their functions, Basic concept of R.C.C., Introduction to types of foundation
Chapter 5
Transportation: Introduction to Transportation Engineering; Traffic and Road Safety: Types and Characteristics of Various Modes of Transportation; Various Road Traffic Signs, Causes of Accidents and Road Safety Measures.
Chapter 6
Environmental Engineering: Environmental Pollution, Environmental Acts and Regulations, Functional Concepts of Ecology, Basics of Species, Biodiversity, Ecosystem, Hydrological Cycle; Chemical Cycles: Carbon, Nitrogen & Phosphorus; Energy Flow in Ecosystems.
Water Pollution: Water Quality standards, Introduction to Treatment & Disposal of Waste Water. Reuse and Saving of Water, Rain Water Harvesting. Solid Waste Management: Classification of Solid Waste, Collection, Transportation and Disposal of Solid. Recycling of Solid Waste: Energy Recovery, Sanitary Landfill, On-Site Sanitation. Air & Noise Pollution: Primary and Secondary air pollutants, Harmful effects of Air Pollution, Control of Air Pollution. . Noise Pollution Harmful Effects of noise pollution, control of noise pollution, Global warming & Climate Change, Ozone depletion, Greenhouse effect
Text Books:
1. Palancharmy, Basic Civil Engineering, McGraw Hill publishers.
2. Satheesh Gopi, Basic Civil Engineering, Pearson Publishers.
3. Ketki Rangwala Dalal, Essentials of Civil Engineering, Charotar Publishing House.
4. BCP, Surveying volume 1
Exploiting Artificial Intelligence for Empowering Researchers and Faculty, In...Dr. Vinod Kumar Kanvaria
Exploiting Artificial Intelligence for Empowering Researchers and Faculty,
International FDP on Fundamentals of Research in Social Sciences
at Integral University, Lucknow, 06.06.2024
By Dr. Vinod Kumar Kanvaria
Leveraging Generative AI to Drive Nonprofit InnovationTechSoup
In this webinar, participants learned how to utilize Generative AI to streamline operations and elevate member engagement. Amazon Web Service experts provided a customer specific use cases and dived into low/no-code tools that are quick and easy to deploy through Amazon Web Service (AWS.)
This presentation was provided by Steph Pollock of The American Psychological Association’s Journals Program, and Damita Snow, of The American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE), for the initial session of NISO's 2024 Training Series "DEIA in the Scholarly Landscape." Session One: 'Setting Expectations: a DEIA Primer,' was held June 6, 2024.
2. Functions in Sustainable
Housing Design
1) Heating & Cooling
2) Water Harvesting & Drainage
3) Wastewater Management
4) Food Production
5) Energy Production & Conservation
6) Imagination
3. IMPORTANT FUNCTION
Heating & Cooling - BASICS
CONDUCTION: transfer
of energy through solid matter
from particle to particle
CONVECTION: transfer of
heat energy through a gas or
liquid by movement of currents
RADIATION:
electromagnetic waves which
directly transport heat energy
through space
EVAPORATION (not true heat transfer but very useful): when a liquid changes
to a gas it uses up heat and in doing so, cools an object or a liquid in contact with it