Tecnica Inc. has developed a new Galvanometer-Free Optics system for SLS 3D printing that can achieve print speeds over 1,000 m/sec, over 166 times faster than traditional systems, by eliminating sources of distortion and delivering laser energy more uniformly across the print plane. Their patented technology provides higher quality prints at unprecedented speeds compared to the outdated industry standard of using galvanometers and F-theta lenses. Tecnica is seeking partners to help bring their technology to production and maximize its potential to transform SLS 3D printing.

1. The New Standard in SLS 3D
Printing
SLS Laser printhead by Tecnica, Inc.
CASA
TECNICA

2. Index
1. Summary
2. Printer Capabilities and Comparative Analysis
3. Intellectual Property
4. Future Competition: Barriers to Entry
5. Engineering: How we print higher definition at higher speeds
6. Plans
7. Outdated SLS Standard: Printing with Galvanometer + F-Theta
8. Printing with Galvanometer-Free Optics
9. How we can help NASA
10. Contact Us

3. Summary
Tecnica Inc., is an up-and-coming SLS Printer manufacturer and developer that uses its patented, state of
the art, Galvanometer-Free Optics (GFO) System to deliver the highest quality prints at an unprecedented
speed. For over 40 years, every SLS Printer to date has operated using Galvanometers and F-Theta Lenses
for beam guidance. This tradition ends now. By eliminating the need for Galvanometers and F-Theta
lenses we have effectively diminished all major sources of distortion while printing at record
speeds over 5x faster than the market standard. With a more powerful laser and motor, however, we
are capable of reaching speeds of roughly 166.7x faster than the standard.

4. Printer Capabilities
Feature Tecnica’s Optics Linear actuators Galvanometer + F-
Theta Lens
Comments
Speed 1,000 m/sec 2 m/sec 6 m/sec Capable of achieving 166.7x the speed of
Galvanometer based systems
Consistent Delivery of
Laser Energy
✔✔ ✔ ✘ Acceleration of linear actuator delivers non-
uniform laser energy
Accuracy Across the
Print Plane
✔✔ ✔ ✘ Varied incidence angle caused by
Galvanometer creates distortion at edges
Print time 0.006T 3T T Using similar print parameters and
100,000 rpm motor
Scalability ✔✔ ✘ ✘ GFO is fully scalablefor any sized print bed
Life Expectancy > 15,000 < 1000 < 15,000 General trend also reflects time between
maintenance
Cost $$ $ $$$ Perfect for companies of all sizes!

5. Comparative Analysis
- The table on the previous slide compares our entry level printer, the CASA, to the best printers on the
market today.
- Virtually all high end SLS printers released to date have used a Galvanometer and F-Theta Lens to
direct their laser beams.
- However, Galvanometers create several issues that put limits on the speed and accuracy that
these systems can achieve.
- These issues include non-uniform energy delivery, poor resolution, and distortion at the
edges.
- As a result all prior SLS printers have the same issues while delivering similar performance.
- That all ends now, as we have successfully pioneered and implemented a superior alternative to this
outdated technology.
- Our new Galvanometer-Free Optics system, found within the CASA and Optima printers, can achieve
previously unimagined resolution and print speeds.

6. Intellectual Property
Granted:
USPTO Patent No. 9435998 Beam director granted in September
2016
USPTO Patent No. 9233507 3D Printing apparatus with sensor
device granted in January 2016.
Israel Patent No. 256310 Beam director granted on September
2018.
China Patent No. ZL201680030655.0 Beam Director granted in
2016
Australia Patent No. 2016325992 Beam director granted in 2016
Pending:
USPTO App: 15715073: Beam Manipulation System, filed on
9/25/2017 with 9/26/2016 priority date
PCT/US16/37131 international filed on June 13, 2016
PCT/US17/48938 international filed on Aug 28, 2017
PCT/US17/53342 international filed on Sep 25, 2017
Abridged: Brazil, Canada, China. EPO, Eurosia, India, Japan, S. Korea,
Mexico, Malaysia, Philippines, Thailand and Vietnam.
Slicing algorithms and low level machine control code was
developed alongside electronic circuitry IP

7. Future Competition: Barriers to Entry
Our extensive intellectual property enables us to protect our market by deterring competing firms from embarking
on a similar venture. With approved patents in five countries, pending in over 35, our groundbreaking optics and
software are safeguarded across the globe from any competition. However, even without our patent protection,
the extensive resources needed to develop the optics, software, and electronics would inhibit even the largest
companies from developing the technology.
In short, if reverse engineering this product was lawful, it would require millions of dollars and over a hundred
years in man hours to accomplish. With our extensive patent infringement protection our Embedded Software,
Electrical Application, Algorithms, Operating System , Communication, and Optics are protected across the globe.

8. Engineering
At the core of our invention is the ability to:
- Move a laser beam with uniform velocity and
unrivaled speed
- Enables uniform energy delivery to the powder
- Maintain a perpendicular angle of incidence
during the entire print
- Circumvents all sources of distortion associated with
traditional Galvanometer Optics
- Keep the focus on the work surface at all times
- Printing points rather than vectors allows us to stay on the
print bed at all times, increasing the accuracy and reducing
the time wasted idling
This is achieved using two specially
formulated mirrors:
- M1 rotates and re-directs the laser
beam to M2
- M2 is stationary and re-directs the
laser beam to the work surface at
an angle of 90°

9. V = 2* 𝜋*R*F
SLS printing speed is almost solely dictated by the speed of the
laser. As such, to calculate the velocity of our beam, V, on the work
area we use:
Where: R is the radius of M2 in meters and F is the frequency of
M1 in rotations per seconds (Hz).
Even with partial arc use and a motor of 100,000 rpm, the effective print speed will be about 1,000 m/sec. This
can be compared to a standard print speed of 6 m/sec using previous Galvanometer systems. During testing, our
laser and motor have restricted our speed to 5x faster than standard Galvanometer based systems. However, with
higher powered equipment we can feasibly print 166.7x faster than the market standard.
Engineering

10. Plans
We are looking to partner with an entity that has the insight to bring our company to the next level. Although we
are still a startup, we are well past proof of concept as we already have a working prototype and are currently
testing. We’ve successfully devised a new technology for a niche emerging market, now it’s time to share it with
the world!
We’re looking for someone who can:
- Bring us into production
- Fine tune our business model
- Grow our company
- Maximize returns
What we can do for you:
- Introduce the best product on the
market
- Dominate an emerging field
- Apply 3D printing solutions to new
industries

11. Outdated SLS Standard: Printing with Galvanometer + F-Theta
How they operate:
-The two mirrors rotate independently but never
complete a full rotation so that they are always facing each
other
- A laser is then shot at mirror 1 and reflected onto
mirror 2 so that the beam can be controlled to move across
the X-Y plane
-However, as you can see in the picture the varied
angle of contact with each surface causes distortion at the
edges (note Ø1 and Ø2 are different angles)

12. Inherent Limitations of Galvanometer based Optics:
-Maximum moving speed is 2500 Hz (2500 oscillations per second): the beam cannot move quickly
-Non-uniform speed causes uneven beam density and energy deliver
-Repeating error: returning to the same point causes a non-linear error propagation
-Shaking and rattling when printing close to maximum speed: causes short life expectancy and frequent
yet costly maintenance
-Variable angle of incidence across the print bed causes distortion that increases as it moves away from
the center of the bed, propagating exponentially with each iteration
Outdated SLS Standard: Printing with Galvanometer + F-Theta

13. F-Theta lenses are used to correct the tangent factor which is a distortion error that occurs when the beam focus moves away
from the center of the print bed. The distortion is caused by the variable, non perpendicular angle with which the beam strikes
the bed.
The F-Theta correction comes with cost:
- The laser beam hitting the plane will carry less energy as it points away from the center. This is because it becomes
less perpendicular to the surface resulting in an elliptical sinter.
- F-Theta is a composite of polished lenses which can carry production errors that cause a reflective shift in beam
location.
- F-Theta is not scalable and is very expensive.
Printing with Galvanometers + F-Theta produces parts that are non-uniform in strength and accuracy.
Tecnica’s Galvanometer-Free Optics does not use Galvanometers or F-Theta Lenses
Outdated SLS Standard: Printing with Galvanometer + F-Theta

14. Printing with Galvanometer-Free Optics
Tecnica’s Galvanometer-Free Optics (GFO) printhead eliminates all errors associated with legacy systems.
The Tecnica Galvanometer-Free Optics System:
- Always directs the beam perpendicular to the surface
- Keeps the beam moving at a constant speed: zero acceleration
- Capable of print speeds over 1000 m/s vs. 6 m/s
- Uniform strength and accuracy across entire print area
- Scalable for any sized print bed
- Affordable: cost is about 15% of equivalent Galvanometer+F-Theta printer

15. GFO Print pattern Simplified GFO
Printing with Galvanometer-Free Optics

16. How we can help NASA
On April 21, 2015 NASA reveals the printing of a full scale copper rocket engine part. According to NASA, the print took almost 11 days and
composed of 8255 layers.
Copper heat conductivity is so high that the sintering/melting process needs to slow down to avoid bending of the printed layer surface. Since
most of the SLS printers are based on vector printing pattern (that's how galvanometers work) where a line is composed of successive points.
The line printed will heat up quickly the material because of the accumulation of heat from the neighboring dots. We believe, NASA had to slow
down the printing to cool down the surface. Hence, a ~10 inch high rocket took ~11 days to print.
Tecnica’s GFO is not a vector based printer. Therefore, we can slice the layer in a way that we print points on the curve, by following other points
that are far enough apart. This way the heat accumulation effect is minimized. E.g. we can print point at 0° then a point at 90° then at 180°
then at 270° then at 45° then at 135° and so on. This way, the heat distribution will be even all across the layer. This will speedup the print as
there will be no need to wait for extended cooling time. This printing pattern will be kept also when moving to the next layer.

17. Contact
Tecnica, Inc.
800-367-3414
175 E Shore Rd.
Great Neck, NY 11023
www.tecnica.com
Diana Rozenblum @ 516-428-0212, Dianar@tecnica.com
Charles Bibas @ 516-423-9487, cbibas@tecnica.com