unit1 solving techology problems and graphic representation, tema 1 Resolución de problemas tecnológicos

1. Solving technological problems
&
Techniques for graphic representation

2. Section I. SOLVING TECHNOLOGY PROBLEMS
Unit 1. Technology. Technological processes
Section II. IT AND THE INTERNET
Unit 2. Hardware and software
Unit 3. The Internet
Section III. MATERIALS USED IN TECHNOLOGY
Unit 4. Materials
Unit 5. Wood and its derivatives
Unit 6. Metals
Section IV. TECHNIQUES FOR GRAPHIC REPRESENTATION
Unit 7. Graphic expression and communication
Section V. STRUCTURES AND MECHANISMS
Unit 8. Structures
Unit 9. Mechanisms
Section VI. ENERGY. HEAT ENGINES
Unit 10. Energy
Section VII. ELECTRICITY
Unit 11. Electricity

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4.  Technology is the science and the practical application of
knowledge and techniques, to design and create objects or
systems which solve our problems and/or satisfy our needs.
 For the construction of any product we have to use:
 Materials (those which an object is made)
 Technical work (the way you construct and the materials you
use).
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5.  NEEDS EXAMPLES
 Food (Nurture), Home, get dressed (wrap up warm)
 Health
 Cleaning
 Education
 Security
 Means of transport. Travelling
 Communication
 Free (Spare) time
 Working easily
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6.  Does the manufacture of stone tools by early humans
could be defined as Technology?
 Are maths technology?
 Is construction Technology?
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•Everybody has to:
1. Copy the activities in
your notebook.
2. Answer them in groups
following the examples.

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Computers
room
Blackboard
Interactive
whiteboard
Storeroom
Material and projectsWorkbench
First aid kit
Tool Panel
Machine Zone
Desk
Stool
Library

9.  To prevent accidents in the workshop, you must always follow
your teacher's instructions you must tell him if you have any
kind of accident.
 Here are some rules:
 You must use tools and machines properly.
 Use the right tools and machines for the right task.
 Make sure tools and machines are in perfect condition before using
them.
 Don't wear necklaces, rings, scarves and loose hair because they
might get caught in the machines.
 Keep your table (workstation) clean and tidy while you work and
when you finish your task. The workshop has to be clean and tidy
too.
 Take care of tools, machines and workshop.
 Try to work quietly
 Keep your hands clean and dry, especially when you use machines.
 Don’t unnecessarily waste materials and use it as efficiently as
possible
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10.  Projects are made in group. There are advantages and
disadvantages
 Share construction work.
 Think more and better.
 Search for information better and more effectively.
 Group members who want to do everything or nothing.
 Work in technology has to be well organized so every
member of the group must have an assigned task:
 The coordinator is responsible for organizing the teamwork.
This person represents the group.
 The person responsible for the material, the tools and
machines. This person is in charge of collecting and returning
the material, the materials left which are no longer required
and the same person will have to clean the workstations.
 The secretary. The person in charge of collecting, checking
and organizing all the written documents o reports
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Reporting
Proposal or Need
Looking for solutions (Backgrounds)
Planning (Process sheet, estimate)
Constructing
Testing and checking
Designing (Graphic representation)

12.  Pencils and rubber
 Pencils have a wooden case with a lead
inside made of graphite and clay. The lead is
softer (B) or harder (H) depending on the
amount of graphite and clay it contains.
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13.  Paper
 Classified by:
 Size: There are different formats of paper. The most
common is DIN A4.
 Finish:
 Colour/color. (White or coloured)
 Shiny. (matted or glossy)
 Texture. (Smooth Rough)
 Weight / thickness. 60 - 80 g/m2.
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15.  Sketch
 Initial drawing
 With fundamental elements
 Freehand made
 Diagram
 Has more information
 Measurements
 Freehand or not
Technical drawing
 Exact (Accurate)
 Drawn with tools
 Dimension are written
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16.  Scale
 Enlargement (enlarging) scale: make bigger. 2:1 means
twice bigger size than real object
 Reduction (reducing) scale: make smaller. 1:2 means
half size than real object
 Full scale: 1:1. Same size.
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17.  Dimensions
 Dimension.- number of the real measurement.
 Dimension line.- A parallel line
 Extension line.-
 Symbols.- arrows or sloping lines
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18.  Views: You can represent an object using views.
 The main views of an object are the:
 Front view: It is the view from the front of the object.
 Overhead view: It is the view from above the object.
 Side view: It is the view from the side of the object.
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19.  Perspective-Projection link
 Cavalier (cabinet)
 CAD (Computer Assisted Design)
 3D and 2D
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