This document provides an overview of income tax in India. It begins by discussing the historical basis and background of taxation, noting that the first income tax was introduced in India in 1922. It outlines some key aspects of the Indian tax system, including that it has a federal structure with authority to tax divided between central and state governments. The document discusses the Income Tax Act of 1961 and various sources of income that are taxed. It provides a high-level overview of taxation of salary, housing property, capital gains, business, and other income. The document also briefly discusses exemptions and deductions that can be claimed under the Indian tax system.