Scientific Link between viscero-somatic and somato-viseceral diseases and chiropractic adjustments as the earliest indicator and the most appropriate treatment.

2. 16 th to 19 th Century Scientific Foundation: The Correlation between Somatic Dysfunction And Visceral Disease By Tariq J. Faridi, B .Sc. M.Ed. Ph D ( c )

3. WHY DO I WANT TO SHARE THIS? NO VIDEOS, SOFTWARE OR BOOKS FOR SALE JUST THE TRUTH ABOUT CHIROPRACTIC

10. Avicenna Ambroise Paré Galenz

12. 1741 Nicholas Andry Writes Patient Education Book on Scoliosis Prevention for Parents

14. The word ‘orthopaedia’ was devised by a Parisian paediatrician, Nicholas Andry, who was Professor of Medicine at the University of Paris and also Senior Dean of the Faculty of Physik. In 1741 he published a book entitled ‘Orthopaedia: or, The Art of Correcting and Preventing Deformities in Children. By such means that may be easily put into Correcting and Preventing Deformities in Children. By such means that may easily be put into practice by parents themselves and all such as are employed in Educating Children’. In the preface he stated: “As to the title, I have formed it of two Greek words viz Ỏ ρθος, straight and Πάίδον, a child. Out of the two words I have compounded that of Orthopaedia to express in one term the design I propose which is to teach the different methods of preventing and correcting the deformities of children”. His method for correcting excessive curvature of a child’s leg was “to apply as soon as possible a small plate of iron on the hollow side of the leg and fasten it about the leg with a linen roller. In a word, the same method must be used in this case, for recovering the shape of the leg, as is used for making straight the crooked trunk of a young tree.”

15. Sir Nicholas Andry, published at the age of 81: Orthopaedia: The Art of Correcting and Preventing Deformities in Children

16. 1867 James Paget Warns MDs of the cases DCs will cure, which will take away their Income

17. “ AFTER systematic lectures on the chief injuries of the bones and joints, it may be useful if I try to enforce by particular illustrations some of the general principles that I stated; and it may secure your attention if I use the form of speaking of the Cases that Bone-setters Cure. For few of you are likely to practise without having a bone-setter for an enemy; and if he can cure a case which you have failed to cure, his fortune may be made and yours marred”.

18. (Brain 1893 , 16:321-352) “ In the following pages I deal in a somewhat discursive and desultory manner with the result of several years‘ enquiry into the symptoms evoked in the sensory nervous system by disease of the viscera. For many years the subject, has been present in my mind, and although for a long time I could not appreciate the value of all the phenomena, yet by carefully noticing each circumstance in every case, and by grouping the symptoms together, I formulated for myself certain tentative laws of a somewhat vague nature, trusting that with extended experience these would become more denned and be of a less general nature. What I have published on this subject' does not fully accord with the results obtained by Dr. Head,2 and although in many respects his results are more reliable than mine, there are a few points on which we are in conflict.”

19. Thesis: DISTURBANCES OF SENSATION WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO THE PAIN OF VISCERAL DISEASE (Sherrington’s Friend, includes Sherrington’s unpublished findings)

20. 1905 CS Sherrington – Integrative Action of the Nervous System and 37 Papers – Nobel Prize In the year 1883, a legacy of $80,000 was left to the President and Fellows of Yale College in the city of New Haven, to be held in trust, as a gift for her children, in memory of their beloved and honored mother Mrs. Hepsa Ely Silliman. On this foundation Yale College was requested and directed to establish an annual course of lectures designed to illustrate the presence and providence, the wisdom and goodness of God, as manifested in the natural and moral world.

23. 1933 Neville T. Ussher Spinal curvatures -- visceral disturbances in relation thereto .

25. The suit claimed that the defendants had participated for years in an illegal conspiracy to destroy chiropractic. On August 24, 1987, after endless wrangling in the courts, U.S. District Court judge Susan Getzendanner ruled that the AMA and its officials were guilty, as charged, of attempting to eliminate the chiropractic profession. The AMA offered a patient care defense; however, data from Workmen's Compensation Bureau studies served to validate chiropractic care. Specifically, studies comparing chiropractic care to care by a medical physician were presented which showed that chiropractors were “twice as effective as medical physicians, for comparable injuries, in returning injured workers to work at every level of injury severity.” Evidence at the trial showed that the defendants took active steps, often covert, to undermine chiropractic educational institutions, conceal evidence of the usefulness of chiropractic care , undercut insurance programs for patients of chiropractors, subvert government inquiries into the efficacy of chiropractic, engage in a massive disinformation campaign to discredit and destabilize the chiropractic profession and engage in numerous other activities to maintain a medical physician monopoly over health care in this country. Chester Wilk Attorney G. McAndrews

27. Bonica, JJ Autonomic Innervation of the Viscera in Relation to Nerve Block Anesthesiology 29:293-813 Jul-Aug 68

28. " Research Status of Spinal Manipulative Therapy" in 1975, historian Elizabeth Lomax, MD, presented her findings to the US government stating that as a result of her two hundred and fifty year scrutiny of scientific literature, "the physician could clinch the diagnosis by finding tenderness in the appropriate vertebra". She Studied Articles Published between 1725 and 1975 (referenced the works by Andre Nicholas to Osler Head Sherrington, and Pre Beal Authors.

29. (Part 1) The Spinal Cord as the Organizer of Disease Processes : Some Preliminary Perspectives

31. The Spinal Cord as the Organizer of Disease Processes : The Peripheral Autonomic Nervous System

33. The Spinal Cord as the Organizer of Disease Processes : Hyperactivity of sympathetic innervation as a common factor in disease

35. The Spinal Cord as the Organizer of Disease Processes : Axonal transport and neurotrophic function in relation to somatic dysfunction

42. Conclusions MR imaging is a valuable tool for diagnosing atlantoaxial instability and has a sensitivity of 100% and a specificity of 90% based on our proposed diagnostic criteria (peridental effusion, lateral facet arthropathy, focal myelopathy, and an abnormal spinolaminar line). Additionally, MR imaging may provide earlier warning signs of instability that predate the clinical symptoms. Further investigations to confirm both these findings and the diagnostic efficacy of our criteria would be invaluable.

43. References 1. Zikou AK, Alamanos Y, Argyropoulou MI, et al. Radiological cervical spine involvement in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: a cross sectional study. J Rheumatol 2005;32:801–06 2. Naranjo A, Carmona L, Gavrila D, et al. Prevalence and associated factors of anterior atlantoaxial luxation in a nation-wide sample of rheumatoid arthritis patients. Clin Exp Rheumatol 2004;22:427–32 3. Kauppi M, Hakala M. Prevalence of cervical spine subluxations and dislocations in a community-based rheumatoid arthritis population. Scand J Rheumatol 1994;23:133–36 4. Rojas CA, Bertozzi JC, Martinez CR, et al. Reassessment of the craniocervical junction: normal values on CT. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2007;28:1819–23 5. Brattstrom H, Granholm L. Atlanto-axial fusion in rheumatoid arthritis: a new method of fixation with wire and bone cement. Acta Orthop Scand 1976;47:619–28 6. Kauppi M, Neva MH. Sensitivity of lateral view cervical spine radiographs taken in the neutral position in atlantoaxial subluxation in rheumatic diseases. Clin Rheumatol 1998;17:511–14 7. Bundschuh C, Modic MT, Kearney F, et al. Rheumatoid arthritis of the cervical spine: surface-coil MR imaging. AJR Am J Roentgenol 1988;151:181–87 8. Gupta V, Khandelwal N, Mathuria SN, et al. Dynamic magnetic resonance imaging evaluation of craniovertebral junction abnormalities. J Comput Assist Tomogr 2007;31:354–59 9. Laiho K, Soini I, Kautiainen H, et al. Can we rely on magnetic resonance imaging when evaluating unstable atlantoaxial subluxation? Ann Rheum Dis 2003;62:254–56

46. In 1906 Sir Charles Sherrington published The Integrative Action of the Nervous System, which was a collection of ten lectures delivered two years before at Yale University in the United States. In this monograph Sherrington summarized two decades of painstaking experimental observations and his incisive interpretation of them. It settled the then-current debate between the ‘‘Reticular Theory’’ versus ‘‘Neuron Doctrine’’ ideas about the fundamental nature of the nervous system in mammals in favor of the latter, and it changed forever the way in which subsequent generations have viewed the organization of the central nervous system. Sherrington’s magnum opus contains basic concepts and even terminology that are now second nature to every student of the subject. This brief article reviews the historical context in which the book was written, summarizes its content, and considers its impact on Neurology and Neuroscience.

47. ‘ . . . he is the scientist’s philosopher because he had advanced natural knowledge himself by skilled observation and experiment, by 50 years’ unremitting work in the laboratory, and because his own interpretation of his discoveries had given a new extension to the biologist’s outlook. Physiologists will know this well enough. To those who have had to struggle with the mass of detailed material about the brain and cord Sherrington’s Integrative Action of the Nervous System brings order out of chaos; it is hard reading at first, because every sentence is charged with meaning, some of it direct enough, but some reaching out to half formed pictures of wider landscape. Though it was published in 1906 it is still as refreshing as it was then. It has needed no revision, but Sherrington’s experimental work went on at high pressure for another 30 years, filling in the gaps and strengthening the framework. . . .’

50. Max Planck Quote: “ A scientific truth does not triumph by convincing its opponents and making them see the light, but rather because its opponents eventually die and a new generation grows up that is familiar with it.”