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Take Me Out to Church The National Pastime and the Transmission of American Civil Religion (An Update) Christopher Born The Catholic University of America Washington, DC
Outline ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Ball signed by Pete Rose December 2005
“ Sports is, somehow, a religion.”  – Michael Novak Jim Borgman,  The Cincinnati Enquirer , March 30, 2008
Civil Religion – What is it? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Richey, Russell E. and Donald G. Jones. “The Civil Religion Debate.”  American Civil Religion . Edited by Russell E. Richey and Donald G. Jones. New York: Harper Forum Books, 1974. Gehrig, Gail.  American Civil Religion: An Assessment . Storrs, CN: Society for the Scientific Study of Religion, 1979.  Sports can be understood as “crucial social structures for the transmission and maintenance of America’s civil religion” (Philip E. Hammond) .
Baseball as  folk religion  civil religion Reprinted with permission.  Jim Borgman,  The Cincinnati Enquirer  (31 March 2003).
Baseball as  folk religion  civil religion ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Baseball as  folk religion  civil religion ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Baseball as  folk religion  civil religion ,[object Object],Reprinted with permission.  Jim Borgman,  Jim Borgman’s Cincinnati  (1992)
Baseball as  folk religion  civil religion ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Baseball as  Protestant civic piety  civil religion ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Baseball as  Protestant civic piety  civil religion ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Reprinted with permission.  Jim Borgman,  The Cincinnati Enquirer  (31 March 2002).
Baseball as  Protestant civic piety  civil religion ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Off the field On the field
Compromising the purity of the game ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
The worst of times?
Associated Press , 1998 John Biever, 1998 Walter Iooss, Jr., 1998 Saviors of the National Pastime?
“ The Steroids Era” ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Gerald Herbert,  The New York Times , 2005 Mark Wilson, Getty Images, 2005 Getty Images, 2005 Could this be worse?
Was baseball losing its effectiveness as moral transmitter? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Was baseball losing its effectiveness as moral transmitter? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Was baseball losing its effectiveness as moral transmitter? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Source: “Vote: What Does Cheating Mean to You?,” ESPN.com (10 August 2007).
Was baseball losing its effectiveness as moral transmitter? ,[object Object],[object Object]
Was baseball losing its effectiveness as moral transmitter? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Have the past two years changed anything?
Was baseball losing its effectiveness as moral transmitter?
Can baseball recapture its glory? ,[object Object],(1) Offensive Output 5.09 8740 5528 1999 4.81 8741 5064 1998 5.15 8902 5693 2000 4.63 8700 5059 2002 4.78 8813 5458 2001 4.74 8827 5207 2003 4.83 8919 5451 2004 4.61 8863 5017 2005 4.87 9135 5386 2006 4.81 9197 4957 2007 4.66 9008 4876 2008 Runs/ game 2Bs HR Year
Can baseball recapture its glory? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],(2) Home and Away Records
11.07% 44.46% -8.77     55.53% 8.77     Averages 9.02% 34.57% -25 53 28 43.59% -10.00 44 34 San Diego 1.66% 43.21% -11 46 35 44.87% -8.00 43 35 San Francisco 13.34% 39.74% -16 47 31 53.09% 5.00 38 43 Colorado 15.72% 41.98% -13 47 34 57.69% 12.00 33 45 Arizona 14.39% 44.87% -8 43 35 59.26% 15.00 33 48 Los Angeles Dodgers 14.81% 33.33% -26 52 26 48.15% -3.00 42 39 Pittsburgh 13.34% 39.74% -16 47 31 53.09% 5.00 38 43 Cincinnati 5.75% 49.38% -1 41 40 55.13% 8.00 35 43 St. Louis 10.29% 48.15% -3 42 39 58.44% 13.00 32 45 Houston 9.64% 50.62% 1 40 41 60.26% 16.00 31 47 Milwaukee 14.65% 53.25% 5 36 41 67.90% 29.00 26 55 Chicago Cubs 10.45% 32.05% -28 53 25 42.50% -12.00 46 34 Washington 17.19% 35.90% -22 50 28 53.09% 5.00 38 43 Atlanta 7.50% 48.05% -3 40 37 55.56% 9.00 36 45 Florida 9.64% 50.62% 1 40 41 60.26% 16.00 31 47 NY Mets 3.37% 54.32% 7 37 44 57.69% 12.00 33 45 Philadelphia 8.93% 32.10% -29 55 26 41.03% -14.00 46 32 Seattle 11.53% 41.56% -13 45 32 53.09% 5.00 38 43 Oakland 1.95% 47.44% -4 41 37 49.38% -1.00 41 40 Texas 1.09% 61.73% 19 31 50 62.82% 20.00 29 49 LA Angels 2.04% 44.87% -8 43 35 46.91% -5.00 43 38 KC 6.22% 42.50% -12 46 34 48.72% -2.00 40 38 Detroit 11.97% 43.59% -10 44 34 55.56% 9.00 36 45 Cleveland 23.46% 43.21% -11 46 35 66.67% 26.00 26 52 Minnesota 23.02% 43.21% -11 46 35 66.23% 25.00 26 51 Chicago White Sox 8.48% 38.27% -19 50 31 46.75% -5.00 41 36 Baltimore 10.59% 47.44% -4 41 37 58.02% 13.00 34 47 Toronto 9.26% 50.00% 0 39 39 59.26% 15.00 33 48 NY Yankees 22.36% 48.15% -3 42 39 70.51% 32.00 23 55 Boston 20.37% 50.00% 0 39 39 70.37% 33.00 24 57 Tampa Bay H/A Differece AWin % Diff Away Ls Away Ws HWin % Diff Home Ls Home Ws Team (2008 thru 9/25)
4.80% 47.64% -3.83     52.43% 3.93     Averages -11.11% 54.32% 7 37 44 43.21% -11.00 46 35 San Diego 9.88% 50.62% 1 40 41 60.49% 17.00 32 49 San Francisco 11.11% 39.51% -17 49 32 50.62% 1.00 40 41 Colorado 4.94% 54.32% 7 37 44 59.26% 15.00 33 48 Arizona 2.47% 51.85% 3 39 42 54.32% 7.00 37 44 Los Angeles Dodgers 17.28% 29.63% -33 57 24 46.91% -5.00 43 38 Pittsburgh -14.81% 48.15% -3 42 39 33.33% -27.00 54 27 Cincinnati 17.10% 48.75% -2 41 39 65.85% 26.00 28 54 St. Louis -6.17% 60.49% 17 32 49 54.32% 7.00 37 44 Houston 4.94% 39.51% -17 49 32 44.44% -9.00 45 36 Milwaukee 9.88% 49.38% -1 41 40 59.26% 15.00 33 48 Chicago Cubs 0.00% 41.98% -13 47 34 41.98% -13.00 47 34 Montreal -9.88% 59.26% 15 33 48 49.38% -1.00 41 40 Atlanta 20.91% 36.59% -22 52 30 57.50% 12.00 34 46 Florida 7.41% 46.91% -5 43 38 54.32% 7.00 37 44 NY Mets 9.88% 48.15% -3 42 39 58.02% 13.00 34 47 Philadelphia -2.47% 72.84% 37 22 59 70.37% 33.00 24 57 Seattle 4.94% 60.49% 17 32 49 65.43% 25.00 28 53 Oakland 8.02% 41.98% -13 47 34 50.00% 0.00 41 41 Texas 3.70% 44.44% -9 45 36 48.15% -3.00 42 39 Anaheim Angels 6.17% 37.04% -21 51 30 43.21% -11.00 46 35 KC 9.88% 35.80% -23 52 29 45.68% -7.00 44 37 Detroit -2.32% 57.32% 12 35 47 55.00% 8.00 36 44 Cleveland 11.11% 46.91% -5 43 38 58.02% 13.00 34 47 Minnesota 11.11% 45.68% -7 44 37 56.79% 11.00 35 46 Chicago White Sox -3.24% 40.74% -15 48 33 37.50% -20.00 50 30 Baltimore -1.22% 50.00% 0 40 40 48.78% -2.00 42 40 Toronto 10.24% 54.32% 7 37 44 64.56% 23.00 28 51 NY Yankees -0.63% 51.25% 2 39 41 50.62% 1.00 40 41 Boston 14.81% 30.86% -31 56 25 45.68% -7.00 44 37 Tampa Bay H/A Diff AWin % Diff Away Ls Away Ws HWin % Diff Home Ls Home  Ws Team (2001)
Can baseball recapture its glory? ,[object Object],Strike Years HR Chase Steroid hangover Clean comeback? (3) Attendance
Can baseball recapture its glory? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

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Take Me Out To Church 2008 Revisit

  • 1. Take Me Out to Church The National Pastime and the Transmission of American Civil Religion (An Update) Christopher Born The Catholic University of America Washington, DC
  • 2.
  • 3. Ball signed by Pete Rose December 2005
  • 4. “ Sports is, somehow, a religion.” – Michael Novak Jim Borgman, The Cincinnati Enquirer , March 30, 2008
  • 5.
  • 6. Baseball as folk religion civil religion Reprinted with permission. Jim Borgman, The Cincinnati Enquirer (31 March 2003).
  • 7.
  • 8.
  • 9.
  • 10.
  • 11.
  • 12.
  • 13.
  • 14.
  • 15. The worst of times?
  • 16. Associated Press , 1998 John Biever, 1998 Walter Iooss, Jr., 1998 Saviors of the National Pastime?
  • 17.
  • 18. Gerald Herbert, The New York Times , 2005 Mark Wilson, Getty Images, 2005 Getty Images, 2005 Could this be worse?
  • 19.
  • 20.
  • 21.
  • 22.
  • 23.
  • 24. Was baseball losing its effectiveness as moral transmitter?
  • 25.
  • 26.
  • 27. 11.07% 44.46% -8.77     55.53% 8.77     Averages 9.02% 34.57% -25 53 28 43.59% -10.00 44 34 San Diego 1.66% 43.21% -11 46 35 44.87% -8.00 43 35 San Francisco 13.34% 39.74% -16 47 31 53.09% 5.00 38 43 Colorado 15.72% 41.98% -13 47 34 57.69% 12.00 33 45 Arizona 14.39% 44.87% -8 43 35 59.26% 15.00 33 48 Los Angeles Dodgers 14.81% 33.33% -26 52 26 48.15% -3.00 42 39 Pittsburgh 13.34% 39.74% -16 47 31 53.09% 5.00 38 43 Cincinnati 5.75% 49.38% -1 41 40 55.13% 8.00 35 43 St. Louis 10.29% 48.15% -3 42 39 58.44% 13.00 32 45 Houston 9.64% 50.62% 1 40 41 60.26% 16.00 31 47 Milwaukee 14.65% 53.25% 5 36 41 67.90% 29.00 26 55 Chicago Cubs 10.45% 32.05% -28 53 25 42.50% -12.00 46 34 Washington 17.19% 35.90% -22 50 28 53.09% 5.00 38 43 Atlanta 7.50% 48.05% -3 40 37 55.56% 9.00 36 45 Florida 9.64% 50.62% 1 40 41 60.26% 16.00 31 47 NY Mets 3.37% 54.32% 7 37 44 57.69% 12.00 33 45 Philadelphia 8.93% 32.10% -29 55 26 41.03% -14.00 46 32 Seattle 11.53% 41.56% -13 45 32 53.09% 5.00 38 43 Oakland 1.95% 47.44% -4 41 37 49.38% -1.00 41 40 Texas 1.09% 61.73% 19 31 50 62.82% 20.00 29 49 LA Angels 2.04% 44.87% -8 43 35 46.91% -5.00 43 38 KC 6.22% 42.50% -12 46 34 48.72% -2.00 40 38 Detroit 11.97% 43.59% -10 44 34 55.56% 9.00 36 45 Cleveland 23.46% 43.21% -11 46 35 66.67% 26.00 26 52 Minnesota 23.02% 43.21% -11 46 35 66.23% 25.00 26 51 Chicago White Sox 8.48% 38.27% -19 50 31 46.75% -5.00 41 36 Baltimore 10.59% 47.44% -4 41 37 58.02% 13.00 34 47 Toronto 9.26% 50.00% 0 39 39 59.26% 15.00 33 48 NY Yankees 22.36% 48.15% -3 42 39 70.51% 32.00 23 55 Boston 20.37% 50.00% 0 39 39 70.37% 33.00 24 57 Tampa Bay H/A Differece AWin % Diff Away Ls Away Ws HWin % Diff Home Ls Home Ws Team (2008 thru 9/25)
  • 28. 4.80% 47.64% -3.83     52.43% 3.93     Averages -11.11% 54.32% 7 37 44 43.21% -11.00 46 35 San Diego 9.88% 50.62% 1 40 41 60.49% 17.00 32 49 San Francisco 11.11% 39.51% -17 49 32 50.62% 1.00 40 41 Colorado 4.94% 54.32% 7 37 44 59.26% 15.00 33 48 Arizona 2.47% 51.85% 3 39 42 54.32% 7.00 37 44 Los Angeles Dodgers 17.28% 29.63% -33 57 24 46.91% -5.00 43 38 Pittsburgh -14.81% 48.15% -3 42 39 33.33% -27.00 54 27 Cincinnati 17.10% 48.75% -2 41 39 65.85% 26.00 28 54 St. Louis -6.17% 60.49% 17 32 49 54.32% 7.00 37 44 Houston 4.94% 39.51% -17 49 32 44.44% -9.00 45 36 Milwaukee 9.88% 49.38% -1 41 40 59.26% 15.00 33 48 Chicago Cubs 0.00% 41.98% -13 47 34 41.98% -13.00 47 34 Montreal -9.88% 59.26% 15 33 48 49.38% -1.00 41 40 Atlanta 20.91% 36.59% -22 52 30 57.50% 12.00 34 46 Florida 7.41% 46.91% -5 43 38 54.32% 7.00 37 44 NY Mets 9.88% 48.15% -3 42 39 58.02% 13.00 34 47 Philadelphia -2.47% 72.84% 37 22 59 70.37% 33.00 24 57 Seattle 4.94% 60.49% 17 32 49 65.43% 25.00 28 53 Oakland 8.02% 41.98% -13 47 34 50.00% 0.00 41 41 Texas 3.70% 44.44% -9 45 36 48.15% -3.00 42 39 Anaheim Angels 6.17% 37.04% -21 51 30 43.21% -11.00 46 35 KC 9.88% 35.80% -23 52 29 45.68% -7.00 44 37 Detroit -2.32% 57.32% 12 35 47 55.00% 8.00 36 44 Cleveland 11.11% 46.91% -5 43 38 58.02% 13.00 34 47 Minnesota 11.11% 45.68% -7 44 37 56.79% 11.00 35 46 Chicago White Sox -3.24% 40.74% -15 48 33 37.50% -20.00 50 30 Baltimore -1.22% 50.00% 0 40 40 48.78% -2.00 42 40 Toronto 10.24% 54.32% 7 37 44 64.56% 23.00 28 51 NY Yankees -0.63% 51.25% 2 39 41 50.62% 1.00 40 41 Boston 14.81% 30.86% -31 56 25 45.68% -7.00 44 37 Tampa Bay H/A Diff AWin % Diff Away Ls Away Ws HWin % Diff Home Ls Home Ws Team (2001)
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