African American athletes have had a profound impact on professional sports. They have changed the racial makeup of sports and influenced public perception. Many pioneering black athletes broke barriers and records in sports like basketball, baseball, football, and more. Today, African Americans dominate in the NBA, NFL, college basketball, and college football. Their successes have inspired many black youth to pursue their dreams in sports.
John Baxter "Doc" Taylor became the first African American to win a gold medal at the 1908 Olympics in London. After World War II cancelled the 1940 and 1944 Olympics, Alice Coachman became the first African American woman from any country to win gold, taking the top spot in the 1948 Olympics. DeHart Hubbard won gold in the 1924 long jump, becoming the first African American to win an individual gold.
Sports played an important role for slaves and after emancipation. Slave owners used sports to reduce rebellion and keep slaves occupied. Sports traditions developed from African customs and were adapted to the plantation system. After slavery, sports provided opportunities for recognition and improved social status. However, black athletes and teams still faced discrimination and challenges in being accepted within mainstream sports culture.
This document discusses the involvement of racial and ethnic groups in sport in the United States. It covers several key topics:
1) It examines the historical experiences of African Americans in sport, from exclusion in the early years to breaking barriers in the mid-20th century and challenges that still remain with representation in leadership positions.
2) It explores the concept of race and ethnicity in society, debunking the idea of biological races and discussing how these are social constructs used to justify oppression and stratification.
3) It looks at the large involvement of Latino athletes in baseball and their economic exploitation as a source of cheap labor, as well as the growing role of Latinos in soccer in the U.S.
This document discusses racism in sports and examples of athletes who fought against discrimination and racism. It describes how racism has been prevalent in sports, especially towards African Americans in the US and globally. It then highlights three incredible moments in sports history when athletes stood up against racism: Jesse Owens at the 1936 Olympics confronting Adolf Hitler, Tommie Smith and John Carlos' black power salute at the 1968 Olympics, and AC Milan players quitting a match in response to racial taunts against a player. The document concludes by profiling several prominent athletes like Colin Kaepernick, Muhammad Ali, Jackie Robinson, Tiger Woods, and female athletes who have taken stands against racism in sports.
This document discusses the integration and racial experiences of African American athletes in American sports from the 1940s to the 1970s. It covers early pioneers like Jackie Robinson who broke the color barrier in baseball and dealt with racism. It also discusses prominent figures like Joe Louis, Muhammad Ali, and the changing images and roles of black athletes over time as they increasingly dominated sports but still faced issues with racism and stereotyping.
The document provides a summary and ranking of the top 10 best Asian/Asian American athletes. It outlines the criteria used to evaluate and rank the athletes, including their performance in their sport and how groundbreaking their achievements were. The top ranked athlete is Liu Xiang, who was the first person of Asian descent to win an Olympic gold medal in men's track and field. Other top athletes included in the ranking are Tiger Woods, Yao Ming, Ichiro Suzuki, and Hines Ward.
Between 1920-1926, only 9 black players played in the NFL per season. The NFL remained all-white after World War II. By the 1960s, the rival AFL openly recruited black players from smaller black colleges, dominating the NFL in equality. By 1969, a photo of the Super Bowl showed the Chiefs with 23 of 51 black players (45%) compared to the Vikings with 11 of 42 (26%). Racism still exists in the NFL today, though the league is now 67-71% non-white, with positions like running back and cornerback dominated by black players. Players have spoken out against racism following events like Colin Kaepernick kneeling during the anthem.
John Baxter "Doc" Taylor became the first African American to win a gold medal at the 1908 Olympics in London. After World War II cancelled the 1940 and 1944 Olympics, Alice Coachman became the first African American woman from any country to win gold, taking the top spot in the 1948 Olympics. DeHart Hubbard won gold in the 1924 long jump, becoming the first African American to win an individual gold.
Sports played an important role for slaves and after emancipation. Slave owners used sports to reduce rebellion and keep slaves occupied. Sports traditions developed from African customs and were adapted to the plantation system. After slavery, sports provided opportunities for recognition and improved social status. However, black athletes and teams still faced discrimination and challenges in being accepted within mainstream sports culture.
This document discusses the involvement of racial and ethnic groups in sport in the United States. It covers several key topics:
1) It examines the historical experiences of African Americans in sport, from exclusion in the early years to breaking barriers in the mid-20th century and challenges that still remain with representation in leadership positions.
2) It explores the concept of race and ethnicity in society, debunking the idea of biological races and discussing how these are social constructs used to justify oppression and stratification.
3) It looks at the large involvement of Latino athletes in baseball and their economic exploitation as a source of cheap labor, as well as the growing role of Latinos in soccer in the U.S.
This document discusses racism in sports and examples of athletes who fought against discrimination and racism. It describes how racism has been prevalent in sports, especially towards African Americans in the US and globally. It then highlights three incredible moments in sports history when athletes stood up against racism: Jesse Owens at the 1936 Olympics confronting Adolf Hitler, Tommie Smith and John Carlos' black power salute at the 1968 Olympics, and AC Milan players quitting a match in response to racial taunts against a player. The document concludes by profiling several prominent athletes like Colin Kaepernick, Muhammad Ali, Jackie Robinson, Tiger Woods, and female athletes who have taken stands against racism in sports.
This document discusses the integration and racial experiences of African American athletes in American sports from the 1940s to the 1970s. It covers early pioneers like Jackie Robinson who broke the color barrier in baseball and dealt with racism. It also discusses prominent figures like Joe Louis, Muhammad Ali, and the changing images and roles of black athletes over time as they increasingly dominated sports but still faced issues with racism and stereotyping.
The document provides a summary and ranking of the top 10 best Asian/Asian American athletes. It outlines the criteria used to evaluate and rank the athletes, including their performance in their sport and how groundbreaking their achievements were. The top ranked athlete is Liu Xiang, who was the first person of Asian descent to win an Olympic gold medal in men's track and field. Other top athletes included in the ranking are Tiger Woods, Yao Ming, Ichiro Suzuki, and Hines Ward.
Between 1920-1926, only 9 black players played in the NFL per season. The NFL remained all-white after World War II. By the 1960s, the rival AFL openly recruited black players from smaller black colleges, dominating the NFL in equality. By 1969, a photo of the Super Bowl showed the Chiefs with 23 of 51 black players (45%) compared to the Vikings with 11 of 42 (26%). Racism still exists in the NFL today, though the league is now 67-71% non-white, with positions like running back and cornerback dominated by black players. Players have spoken out against racism following events like Colin Kaepernick kneeling during the anthem.
The document summarizes the integration of the National Basketball Association in the 1950s and its impacts. It notes that Nat "Sweetwater" Clifton was the first African American to sign with an NBA team in 1950, followed by Earl Lloyd becoming the first black player to appear in a game that same year. Integration faced challenges initially, but by 1965 over half of NBA players were black. The talent of players like Bill Russell, Wilt Chamberlain, and Elgin Baylor changed how the game was played, bringing high-flying dunks and new styles that led to the evolution of the NBA. Integration ultimately changed the appearance of the league and arguably saved the sport.
Racism has been an issue in European soccer for many years, both on and off the field. Research has shown that black players are more likely to be criticized for mistakes and praised for physical abilities, while white players receive more praise for intelligence. Racism off the field has also been a problem, prompting campaigns like UEFA's "No to Racism." Violence among soccer fans in Europe peaked in the 1980s, with over 100 deaths at games in Belgium and England. This led to changes like all-seater stadiums and the founding of the English Premier League. Homophobia also remains problematic, as seen in comments by athletes and during the 2014 Sochi Olympics.
Sports have a significant impact on society beyond entertainment. Notable events and athletes throughout history helped advance civil rights and shaped cultural movements. Jackie Robinson breaking the MLB color barrier and Muhammad Ali's opposition to the Vietnam War furthered the fight for racial and social justice. Title IX increased women's sports participation, while events like the 1999 Women's World Cup boosted their popularity and profile. National pride was also stirred by Olympic moments and international sporting events. The social identities and connections people derive from sports fanhood further explain its widespread appeal and influence on communities.
The document provides information on various topics related to American art, literature, film, entertainment, sports, food, businesses, fashion, and trends. It profiles several iconic American artists, authors, directors, actors, athletes, dishes, companies, clothing brands and highlights some of their most famous works and achievements. The topics covered span from the 19th to 21st centuries and represent different regions of the United States.
The document discusses the social impact of various sports events and athletes and poses discussion questions. It explores how Jackie Robinson challenged MLB segregation and contributed to the civil rights movement. It examines Muhammad Ali's opposition to the Vietnam War and how he articulated reasons for young Americans to also oppose the war. It outlines how the 1972 Munich Olympics were intended to present a new democratic Germany but were marred by the murder of 11 Israeli athletes by Palestinian terrorists. It describes the massive increase in women's sports participation due to Title IX and the world record crowd that witnessed the 1999 Women's World Cup final in the US. Other topics covered include Lance Armstrong's cancer foundation, the 1980 "Miracle on Ice" hockey game between the
A quick escape: The popularity of baseball during the Second World WarJohn Eilermann St Louis
John Eilermann. In the US, the Second World War greatly affected the lives of the people. As many of the able, young men went off to war, the absence of loved ones caused loneliness and anxiety to those who remained home. While baseball was already famous before the war, it even gained more popular during the wartime years. Even if some of the sport's biggest stars like Joe DiMaggio and Yogi Berra had to serve during this time, people still found ways to enjoy the sport.
Wilt Chamberlain was a professional basketball player born in 1936 in Philadelphia. Standing at 7'1", he was known as "Wilt the Stilt" and dominated the game in college at the University of Kansas and professionally with the Philadelphia/San Francisco Warriors, Philadelphia 76ers, and Los Angeles Lakers. Chamberlain held numerous NBA records, including scoring 100 points in a single game in 1962 and averaging over 50 points per game for an entire season. He was inducted into the Basketball Hall of Fame in 1978 and remained one of the greatest players in NBA history until his death in 1999.
Jackie Robinson was the first African American to play in Major League Baseball, joining the Brooklyn Dodgers in 1946. He faced discrimination due to his skin color but continued playing successfully. Robinson was born in 1919 and had a successful career playing multiple sports in high school and college before meeting Dodgers owner Branch Rickey and joining the Dodgers, retiring in 1956.
- The document contains rules and questions for a trivia competition involving 20 questions total. Questions 6, 8, 16, and 20 are marked as "star questions" to be used to resolve any ties. The top 6 teams will advance to the finals. Participants are instructed to avoid googling answers or engaging in betting or fixing. The quizmaster's decision is final.
The document provides information about the population, capital, and currency of the USA. It also includes details about the Los Angeles Lakers NBA team, the rules of baseball, current US President Barack Obama, motorcycle company Harley-Davidson, soft drink Coca-Cola, cities of Los Angeles and Washington D.C., and famous people like Miley Cyrus, Selena Gomez, and Michael Jackson. The document was made by five Spanish students.
This document summarizes the autobiography of Jackie Robinson, the first African American baseball player in the major leagues. It discusses Robinson's career path from the Negro Leagues to breaking the color barrier with the Brooklyn Dodgers in 1947. It also profiles Branch Rickey, the Dodgers executive who recruited Robinson and convinced the team to sign an African American player. The summary highlights the societal prejudice they faced and Robinson's purpose in telling his story to bring awareness to the barriers and unfair treatment many faced due to segregation.
Jackie Robinson was the first African American baseball player who started playing for the Dodgers in 1947. He played in six World Series and was selected for six consecutive all star games, being named National League MVP in 1949. If Robinson had never started playing, Congress may have passed a law banning African Americans from Major League Baseball, forcing them to create their own separate league. This could have negatively impacted diversity in baseball today.
This document summarizes key events in the US from 1965-1967 related to the civil rights movement, anti-war protests, and racial tensions. It discusses the Watts riots in 1965, the emergence of black power advocates like Malcolm X and Stokely Carmichael, protests against the Vietnam War including draft protests and teach-ins, and ongoing urban uprisings in response to racial inequities during the "Long, hot summer" of 1966. Lyndon Johnson attempted to address racial issues through Great Society programs but faced growing dissent over the war and a fading of liberalism.
This document contains a summary of the rules and questions from two rounds of a quiz competition.
Round 1 consisted of 8 multiple choice questions with 10 marks for a direct answer and 5 for a bonus answer. The top 5 teams after Round 3 would qualify for the final round. Round 2 was a "Pounce Bounce" round, where teams had 3 chances to "pounce" on a question for 20 marks, or lose 10 marks for an incorrect pounce. Direct answers were then worth 20 marks and bonuses 10 marks. Several questions covered topics in history, politics, and pop culture.
The document provides the rules and questions for a sports quiz competition involving teams of 3 students from each section. It includes 20 multiple choice questions testing knowledge of prominent sports players and events from cricket, badminton, squash, and other sports. It also provides the answers to each question.
The document describes the rules of an online quiz called "Bina Naam Wala Quiz" hosted by Aman Sinha. It provides 10 multiple choice questions covering topics like sports, history, and geography. For each question, potential answers are given and the correct answer is revealed. The questions cover topics ranging from famous stadiums and sports teams to important battles and world leaders.
Jackie Robinson was born in 1919 in Georgia and faced discrimination as an African American. He played many sports in his youth and attended UCLA. Robinson joined the Brooklyn Dodgers in 1947, breaking Major League Baseball's color barrier. As the first black MLB player, he faced considerable racism but led the Dodgers to six pennants and was named National League MVP in 1949. Robinson was inducted into the Baseball Hall of Fame in 1962 for his accomplishments on and off the field in fighting discrimination in professional sports.
Jackie Robinson was born in 1919 in Georgia and moved to California as a child. He excelled in sports including baseball, basketball, football, and track in high school and college. After serving in the military during WWII, Robinson played in the Negro American League before joining the Brooklyn Dodgers in 1945, breaking the color barrier as the first African American player in Major League Baseball. Throughout his career and after retirement, Robinson helped advance racial equality and supported charitable causes.
Jackie Robinson was born in 1919 and was the first African American to play in Major League Baseball, joining the Brooklyn Dodgers in 1947. As he faced racial discrimination and threats, teammates like Pee Wee Reese defended him. Robinson went on to break the color barrier, becoming the first African American player elected to the Baseball Hall of Fame and having his number retired by the Dodgers. He was a champion for civil rights and helped pave the way for integration in professional sports.
The document discusses the pay disparity between the US men's and women's national soccer teams. While the women's team won the World Cup and placed first in their tournament, they were awarded far less prize money than the men's champions and even those who placed 11th. Both teams spend equal amounts of time away from family and training, yet female athletes are consistently underpaid across professional sports. The document calls for raising awareness of this issue and achieving equal pay for female athletes.
The document summarizes the integration of the National Basketball Association in the 1950s and its impacts. It notes that Nat "Sweetwater" Clifton was the first African American to sign with an NBA team in 1950, followed by Earl Lloyd becoming the first black player to appear in a game that same year. Integration faced challenges initially, but by 1965 over half of NBA players were black. The talent of players like Bill Russell, Wilt Chamberlain, and Elgin Baylor changed how the game was played, bringing high-flying dunks and new styles that led to the evolution of the NBA. Integration ultimately changed the appearance of the league and arguably saved the sport.
Racism has been an issue in European soccer for many years, both on and off the field. Research has shown that black players are more likely to be criticized for mistakes and praised for physical abilities, while white players receive more praise for intelligence. Racism off the field has also been a problem, prompting campaigns like UEFA's "No to Racism." Violence among soccer fans in Europe peaked in the 1980s, with over 100 deaths at games in Belgium and England. This led to changes like all-seater stadiums and the founding of the English Premier League. Homophobia also remains problematic, as seen in comments by athletes and during the 2014 Sochi Olympics.
Sports have a significant impact on society beyond entertainment. Notable events and athletes throughout history helped advance civil rights and shaped cultural movements. Jackie Robinson breaking the MLB color barrier and Muhammad Ali's opposition to the Vietnam War furthered the fight for racial and social justice. Title IX increased women's sports participation, while events like the 1999 Women's World Cup boosted their popularity and profile. National pride was also stirred by Olympic moments and international sporting events. The social identities and connections people derive from sports fanhood further explain its widespread appeal and influence on communities.
The document provides information on various topics related to American art, literature, film, entertainment, sports, food, businesses, fashion, and trends. It profiles several iconic American artists, authors, directors, actors, athletes, dishes, companies, clothing brands and highlights some of their most famous works and achievements. The topics covered span from the 19th to 21st centuries and represent different regions of the United States.
The document discusses the social impact of various sports events and athletes and poses discussion questions. It explores how Jackie Robinson challenged MLB segregation and contributed to the civil rights movement. It examines Muhammad Ali's opposition to the Vietnam War and how he articulated reasons for young Americans to also oppose the war. It outlines how the 1972 Munich Olympics were intended to present a new democratic Germany but were marred by the murder of 11 Israeli athletes by Palestinian terrorists. It describes the massive increase in women's sports participation due to Title IX and the world record crowd that witnessed the 1999 Women's World Cup final in the US. Other topics covered include Lance Armstrong's cancer foundation, the 1980 "Miracle on Ice" hockey game between the
A quick escape: The popularity of baseball during the Second World WarJohn Eilermann St Louis
John Eilermann. In the US, the Second World War greatly affected the lives of the people. As many of the able, young men went off to war, the absence of loved ones caused loneliness and anxiety to those who remained home. While baseball was already famous before the war, it even gained more popular during the wartime years. Even if some of the sport's biggest stars like Joe DiMaggio and Yogi Berra had to serve during this time, people still found ways to enjoy the sport.
Wilt Chamberlain was a professional basketball player born in 1936 in Philadelphia. Standing at 7'1", he was known as "Wilt the Stilt" and dominated the game in college at the University of Kansas and professionally with the Philadelphia/San Francisco Warriors, Philadelphia 76ers, and Los Angeles Lakers. Chamberlain held numerous NBA records, including scoring 100 points in a single game in 1962 and averaging over 50 points per game for an entire season. He was inducted into the Basketball Hall of Fame in 1978 and remained one of the greatest players in NBA history until his death in 1999.
Jackie Robinson was the first African American to play in Major League Baseball, joining the Brooklyn Dodgers in 1946. He faced discrimination due to his skin color but continued playing successfully. Robinson was born in 1919 and had a successful career playing multiple sports in high school and college before meeting Dodgers owner Branch Rickey and joining the Dodgers, retiring in 1956.
- The document contains rules and questions for a trivia competition involving 20 questions total. Questions 6, 8, 16, and 20 are marked as "star questions" to be used to resolve any ties. The top 6 teams will advance to the finals. Participants are instructed to avoid googling answers or engaging in betting or fixing. The quizmaster's decision is final.
The document provides information about the population, capital, and currency of the USA. It also includes details about the Los Angeles Lakers NBA team, the rules of baseball, current US President Barack Obama, motorcycle company Harley-Davidson, soft drink Coca-Cola, cities of Los Angeles and Washington D.C., and famous people like Miley Cyrus, Selena Gomez, and Michael Jackson. The document was made by five Spanish students.
This document summarizes the autobiography of Jackie Robinson, the first African American baseball player in the major leagues. It discusses Robinson's career path from the Negro Leagues to breaking the color barrier with the Brooklyn Dodgers in 1947. It also profiles Branch Rickey, the Dodgers executive who recruited Robinson and convinced the team to sign an African American player. The summary highlights the societal prejudice they faced and Robinson's purpose in telling his story to bring awareness to the barriers and unfair treatment many faced due to segregation.
Jackie Robinson was the first African American baseball player who started playing for the Dodgers in 1947. He played in six World Series and was selected for six consecutive all star games, being named National League MVP in 1949. If Robinson had never started playing, Congress may have passed a law banning African Americans from Major League Baseball, forcing them to create their own separate league. This could have negatively impacted diversity in baseball today.
This document summarizes key events in the US from 1965-1967 related to the civil rights movement, anti-war protests, and racial tensions. It discusses the Watts riots in 1965, the emergence of black power advocates like Malcolm X and Stokely Carmichael, protests against the Vietnam War including draft protests and teach-ins, and ongoing urban uprisings in response to racial inequities during the "Long, hot summer" of 1966. Lyndon Johnson attempted to address racial issues through Great Society programs but faced growing dissent over the war and a fading of liberalism.
This document contains a summary of the rules and questions from two rounds of a quiz competition.
Round 1 consisted of 8 multiple choice questions with 10 marks for a direct answer and 5 for a bonus answer. The top 5 teams after Round 3 would qualify for the final round. Round 2 was a "Pounce Bounce" round, where teams had 3 chances to "pounce" on a question for 20 marks, or lose 10 marks for an incorrect pounce. Direct answers were then worth 20 marks and bonuses 10 marks. Several questions covered topics in history, politics, and pop culture.
The document provides the rules and questions for a sports quiz competition involving teams of 3 students from each section. It includes 20 multiple choice questions testing knowledge of prominent sports players and events from cricket, badminton, squash, and other sports. It also provides the answers to each question.
The document describes the rules of an online quiz called "Bina Naam Wala Quiz" hosted by Aman Sinha. It provides 10 multiple choice questions covering topics like sports, history, and geography. For each question, potential answers are given and the correct answer is revealed. The questions cover topics ranging from famous stadiums and sports teams to important battles and world leaders.
Jackie Robinson was born in 1919 in Georgia and faced discrimination as an African American. He played many sports in his youth and attended UCLA. Robinson joined the Brooklyn Dodgers in 1947, breaking Major League Baseball's color barrier. As the first black MLB player, he faced considerable racism but led the Dodgers to six pennants and was named National League MVP in 1949. Robinson was inducted into the Baseball Hall of Fame in 1962 for his accomplishments on and off the field in fighting discrimination in professional sports.
Jackie Robinson was born in 1919 in Georgia and moved to California as a child. He excelled in sports including baseball, basketball, football, and track in high school and college. After serving in the military during WWII, Robinson played in the Negro American League before joining the Brooklyn Dodgers in 1945, breaking the color barrier as the first African American player in Major League Baseball. Throughout his career and after retirement, Robinson helped advance racial equality and supported charitable causes.
Jackie Robinson was born in 1919 and was the first African American to play in Major League Baseball, joining the Brooklyn Dodgers in 1947. As he faced racial discrimination and threats, teammates like Pee Wee Reese defended him. Robinson went on to break the color barrier, becoming the first African American player elected to the Baseball Hall of Fame and having his number retired by the Dodgers. He was a champion for civil rights and helped pave the way for integration in professional sports.
The document discusses the pay disparity between the US men's and women's national soccer teams. While the women's team won the World Cup and placed first in their tournament, they were awarded far less prize money than the men's champions and even those who placed 11th. Both teams spend equal amounts of time away from family and training, yet female athletes are consistently underpaid across professional sports. The document calls for raising awareness of this issue and achieving equal pay for female athletes.
2. Overview African Americans Have had a profound impact on sports and the Black integration and participation in American Sports are directly influenced by the nature of time and the growing ideologys.
3. Where Can Black Athletes effect be seen? All Major american sports Impovershed blacks who were unhopeful Any kid that has a dream to play sports
4. Thesis African Americans athletes have had a profound impact on professional sports, and have altered the makeup of both the sports world as well as public psychy.
5. Personal Relevance I am an africanamerican athlete These individuals have inspired me to strive for excellence
6. Relevance of Topic African Americans are the majority in NBA NFL College Basketball College Football Many African Americans have broken all different types of records, and changed the course of the sports
7. Milestones like no Other (Evidence of Revolutionary Steps) Wilt Chamberlain scored 100 points in one basketball game Bill Russell won 11 NBA championships Michael Jordan owns the Bobcats as well as team Jordan
8. MileStones Like No other (Continued…) Barry Bonds owns the MLB all time home run record Hank Aaron Is number two on the all time MLB home run list
9. Black Women Athletes Wilma Rudolph- Olympic Sprinter Lisa Leslie- Los Angeles Sparks WNBA Candice Parker- WNBA player
10. Pioneers Earl Lloyd, Chuck Cooper, and Nat Clifton were the first black NBA players in 1950 Jackie Robinson was the first African American to play professional baseball
11. Revolutionary Steps Michael Jordan first africanamerican majority owner of an NBA team Tiger Woods is on pace to be the most winningest golfer of all time Venus and Serena Williams have captured a number of grand slam titles between the two
14. Role Models Many of Black athletes have become role models for black youth Michael Oehr was abandoned as a child, raised in different foster homes, and now plays for the Baltimore Ravens at left tackle
15. Role Models Continued Lebron James holds annual summer camps to encourage and develop youth basketball skills Kobe Bryant also runs summer camps to try to persuade the youth to focus their energy on positive instead of negative
16. Hall Of Famers Hank Aaron-MLB Earl Campbell- NFL Erik Dikerson-NFL Magic Johnson-NBA Isiah Thomas- NBA
17. History of African American Athletes (Baseball) The League Of Colored Baseball is formed in the 1880’s In 1887 The interracial tension led to the end of the League of Colored BAseball
18. History of African American Athletes (Baseball) Continue… 1930’s sportswriters and the National Communist party take a stand Succeeded in bringing Jim Crow laws to existence
19. History of African American Athletes (Baseball) Continued… Quinn-Ives Act- Push for integration was too strong
21. Effect of Color Barrier breakthrough on America Opened the eyes to the country Segregation began to crumble in Major league sports Blacks became more motivated
22. How the color barrier breakthrough was a product of the time (opinion) WW11 New ideologies
25. Giving Back to the Community Continued…. StephonMarbury donates 1,000,000 $’s to Katrina Kenny Smith Organizes Immediate Relief Game.
26. History Of African American Athletes (Basketball) Chuck Cooper Earl Lloyd Nat Clifton
27. History of African American Athletes (Basketball) Celtics Dynasty of the 50’s Wilt “The Stilt” Chamberlain
28. History of Black Athletes Michael Jordan First Majority Black owner of a professional NBA franchise Product of years of integration and equality being allowed to thrive freely.
29. Class Activity Trivia Contest- Based on the various accomplishments and feats of the black athletes
30. Conclusion African Americans athletes have revolutionized the sports world, and have set unprecedented milestones and achievements that encourage youth of all colors to strive for their dreams.
Black athletes are more then half of the American Sports world, and set examples for not only blacks, but any kid trying to overachieve in their respective sport.
Black athletes are everywhere in professionial sports
African American athletes have inspired people of all ethnicitys to work hard. Black youth who statistcially are less likely to continue secondary education,are inspired into pursuing their dreams because black athletes have been able to thrive in professional sports, and their example inspires youth such as myself to pursue our dreams regardless of the height.
Michael Jordan has not only effected the sports world, but he is a savvy businessman. He owns his own shoe line called Jordan, and is now the sole owner of the NBA franchise called the Charlotte Bobcats. Bill Russell has achieved two feats that no NBA player has ever accomplished. He won 11 championships, which is a record, and he captured 9 in a row, something that I believe no one will ever even come close to achieving. (Hayhurst) (Pomerantz) (Stout)
(Poolos) (Fainaru-Wada) They are both africanamerican, and their names eclipse the number 1 and 2 spot on the all time home run leaders list. The next contender after them is Babe Ruth who is 30 some home runs back
At the 1936 Munich Olympics, Wilma Rudolph won gold in her sprints. At a young age she was diagnosed with Polio, and had to walk with crutches for some time. Candice Parker led the Lady Tennesse Volunteers to a NCAA championship one time during her four year tenture at the university. Lisa Leslie once scored 108 points in a high school game. She is regarded as one of the best female basketball players to ever play in the WNBA (Burling)
Jackie Robinson first signed with the Brooklyn Dodgers in 1947. Before that, he along with multiple other star africanamericans shined in the Negro leagues. However, as NCCA teams had begun to integrate, it put more pressure on the professional sports to integrate. The owner of the Brooklyn Dodgers saw an opportunity to put his team in pennant contention by signing a black player who was a star and could handle the pressure of racism. He would later claim that he was extremely nervous his first game, but could not turn back, because he would have felt as if he was letting his whole race down. (http://hoopedia.nba.com )(Margolies)
Tiger woods wins more then any other golfer in history. JackNicolsen, and other golfers on the all time list never reached Tigers number of Grand slam wins until they were in their mid 40s. Tiger is still in his early 30’s. Michael Jordan won 6 NBA championships with the Chicago Bulls. He is so heavily influential in basketball today that the term “Air Jordan” is coined in his name. As of 2010, he also became the first africanamerican majority owner of an NBA team. Serena Williams has revolutionized tennis for africanamerican women. In 1999 she became the first africanamerican women to win a grand slam title since 1958.( KNIGHT-RIDDER/TRIBUNE) (Stout) (Burling)
I will use football equipment, and possibly a Bears jersey for Walter Peyton. He was apart of the 1985 Chicago Bears football team that won the SuperBowl, and is rumored to have the best defense ever assembled. I will use a first of freedom for Jesse Owens, because he is responsible for one of the most controversial pictures of his time, in which he and two other black athletes held up the fist of black power after winning medals at the olympics.
http://hk-magazine.com/feature/blind-side
(www.nfl.com)(www.mlb.com)(www.nba.com)The list is countless, Michael Jordan, Karl Malone, Scottie Pippen, Wilt Chamberlain, Bill Russell, Hank Aaron, Gary Peyton, Jim Brown… ectect
The league was denounced before anyone involved ever even played a single game. The tension between races was brought to the spotlight when members of a select team boycotted team photos with black teammates. Later the next month, the International League of Officials banned black contracts from being signed in Major League baseball. (Warren)
As blacks continued to be segregated from the National Leagues, many players formed their own leagues and gained popularity. Along with the help of the American Communist party, which preached integration and unity, africanamerican acceptance into major league baseball gained heavy momentum. WW!! Also pllayed a major part in the pull for black integration because the draft forced a vast majority of the major leaguers to fight overseas, and the argument that blacks could fill those rosters stained the executive meetings.
(Warren)Quinn-Ives Act- made discrimination among job candidates illegal, they hired private investigators to research the issue, and baseball was pointed out as one of the leading culprits. By 1945 the country began to have a more broader view of integration, and it wasn’t out of the norm for people to question segregated Baseball leagues. Due to the Negro Leagues growing popularity, Branch Rickey knew that signing a negro player would propel interest on all levels and he would more then likely profit off of whatever type of publicity his actions received. He also knew that signing black players could also be good for his teams success.
Rickey also believed that segregation was immoral. In 1945 Branch Rickey signed Jackie Robinson to the Brooklyn Dodgers. He chose Robinson because he wanted a very classy player who would be a professional on and off the diamond. (Warren)
IT really made the public see what was really going on, and got the ball rolling on a lot of other issues. Blacks became not only more motivated towards sports, but motivated in the sense that not only could sports barriers’s be broken, but that barriers of all racial inequality could be broken down. (Warren)
WWII left the world in ruins, and made America reevaluate their feelings towards issues of race and family. Blacks and whites who had faught over seas felt a unique bond, and the knowledge that they brought back from the war only helped to clear the way for equality. Along with WWII, the baby boom parents were possibly more sympathetic because of the catastrophe they had just witnessed.
Jackie Robinson, as well as many of the other baseball pioneers faced severe adversity. They were spit on, called maliscious names, they were constantly threatedned by hate mail and unruly fans. Many owners were simply racist and objected to the idea of integration. (Warren)
Ray Allen, Carmelo Anthony, and countless other black athletes give some of their money back to the community as apart of NBA tradition. The program consists of NBA players donating money to various foundations and communitees.(NBA.com)
In 2005, with Katrina having devistated the region of New Orleans, Kenny “The Jet” Smith, former NBA player, organized an immediate relief basketball game in which every player attending had to donate at least 10,000 dollars. StephonMarbury topped all charts as he donated a whopping 1,000,000 dollars to the Hurricane Katrina Relief Fund. (www.nba.com)
All three of these men are said to be the pioneers of black basketball. They all joined the professional basketball scene in 1950 and allowed the pavement for many other blacks to not only set milestones, but accomplish feats that no other players in NBA history had ever done.
Bill Russell spearheaded the Celtics dynasty of the 50’s and early 60’s that captured an NBA record 9 championship titles in a row, and 11 overall. The success also allowed Russell to voice his strong opinion on issues such as Jim Crow Laws and civil rights. Wilt Chamberlain recorded an NBA record 100 points in a single game and forever enshrined his name in basketball stardom. Not only that but he became the most dominant center in professional basketball as he averaged over 30 points and over 15 rebounds a game for much of his career earning him hall of fame honors. (Pomerantz) (Hayhusrt)
(Stout)As the 60’s and 70’s past, athletic equality became a houshold invention as the times allowed for such measures to be taken. In the 80’s and 90’s Michael Jordan emerged as one of the all time greats. During the 90’s he led his Chicago Bulls to two separate 3-peats from 91-92-93, and then from 96-97-98. He inspires people of all colors today because he was once cut from his 10th grade basketball team, to becoming the most talked about NBA player ever.
I want the students to be able to answer some basic questions provided the information I give them. There will be four teams, with five different categories. All based on African American athletes.