The Taj Mahal is a famous mausoleum located in Agra, India that was built by the Mughal emperor Shah Jahan as the final resting place for his wife Mumtaz Mahal. The complex includes the main white marble mausoleum containing the tombs of Shah Jahan and Mumtaz Mahal, as well as several additional structures. It represents the power and glory of the Mughal Empire and is considered a symbol of love between Shah Jahan and Mumtaz Mahal. The Taj Mahal's architecture and design incorporates elements like symmetry, Islamic architecture, and the golden ratio.

1. The Taj Mahal
The Taj Mahal is the most famous example of Mughal architecture. The Taj Mahal is a complex of
structures which include a mausoleum containing the tombs of the Shah Jahan and Mumtaz Mahal.
It was built by Mughal Emperor Shah Jahan for his wife Mumtaz Mahal after her death. Taj Mahal
represents the power and the glory of the Mughal Empire also it is a symbol of love between Shah
Jahan and Mumtaz Mahal. It is located near the Yamuna River in Agra which was the capital of
the empire during that time. It covers a 580m x 300m area and the complex was ordered by grids.
Even though only the traces can be seen today, the complex used have its own village, named Taj
Ganji which was placed in the southern area in front of the gate. The entry gate was built in red
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Also, all of the rectangles used in the mausoleum fits the golden section ratio. Besides those, the
organization of the spaces inside the mausoleum encourages people to make a circulation
movement around the central dome and this continuous movement creates a flow between spaces.
Also, the water creates a directionality and gives people a visual axis to show mausoleum. Other
elements such as the voids at the entrance used for blocking the view when it is necessary. From
the inside of the gate only a part of the mausoleum can be seen but from the outside of the entrance
all of it can be seen and the use of materials was a symbol of hierarchical order between buildings in
the Taj Mahal. This situation was created with the use of white marble. When the amount of marble
increases in a building in Taj Mahal, the importance of the building increases. It can be seen by
looking to the facades of other buildings and Mausoleum. The structural members used as elements
to provide hierarchy too. Proportions and the details of the columns changed based on that. For
example, columns are larger and richer in the funerary area compared to bazaar
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