This document discusses abnormalities in cell development and diseases that can occur at each stage of lymphocyte maturation. It notes that cytokines like GM-CSF, IL-2, IL-4, IL-6 and IL-7 guide development of T cells from stem cells to the lymphoblast stage. Diseases mentioned include acute lymphoblastic leukemia, which shows an increase in lymphoblasts, and infectious mononucleosis, which presents with atypical lymphocytes during a viral infection. Tests like bone marrow aspiration, peripheral smears and CBC can provide indications of diseases like chronic lymphocytic leukemia or AIDS based on abnormal cell counts or types seen.

1. Role of Cell in the Body QUALITATIVE AND QUANTITATIVE ABNORMALITIES
CELL LINE MATURATION/DISEASES AT EACH STAGE
Abnormal Cells
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Bibliography
Cytokines and Growth Factors
The cytokines used in
the T cell line includes,
GM-CSF, IL-2, IL-4, IL-6
and IL-7. These are
used from the
pluripotent stem cell
until the cell reaches
the T Lymphoblast
stage, then cell
development is antigen
driven.
Acute Lymphoblastic
Leukemia: increase of
the lymphoblast cells
in a peripheral smear.
Infectious
mononucleosis:
viral infection,
presence of 50%
lymphocytes with at
least 10% atypical
lymphocytes
Prolymphocytic
Leukemia: A type of
chronic lymphocytic
leukemia.
Bone Marrow Aspiration: Increase of mature
small lymphocytes indicates chronic lymphocytic
leukemia.
Peripheral Smear: Reactive Lymphocytes are a
clear indication of infections (particularly viral
and rickettsia infections, whooping-cough
(pertussis), bacterial infections in infants and
young children. infections in infants and young
CBC: If the number of T cells is abnormally
decreased, this is an indication of AIDS. In
conditions, such as infections and blood diseases,
there is an abnormal increase in T cells.
Neoplastic Chemistries:
Chronic lymphocytic leukemia
Other lymphoid leukemia’s
Lymphomas in leukemic phase
March 27, 2015