This document provides a detailed syllabus for the screening test of Lecturer 10+2 Computer Science for the Jammu and Kashmir Public Service Commission. The syllabus covers 7 topics: 1) Computer Fundamentals and Applications, 2) Programming Language Principles, 3) Database Management Systems, 4) Data and File Structures, 5) Programming Concepts in C/C++, 6) Software Engineering and Management, and 7) Operating Systems. Each topic lists several sub-topics that candidates will be expected to have knowledge of for the screening test.
An Introduction to Architecture of Object Oriented Database Management System and how it differs from RDBMS means Relational Database Management System
Comparison of Relational Database and Object Oriented DatabaseEditor IJMTER
The object-oriented database (OODB) is the combination of object-oriented
programming language (OOPL) systems and persistent systems. Object DBMSs add database
functionality to object programming languages. They bring much more than persistent
storage of programming language objects. A major benefit of this approach is the unification
of the application and database development into a seamless data model and language
environment. This report presents the comparison between object oriented database and
relational database. It gives advantages of OODBMS over RDBMS. It gives applications of
OODBMS.
An Introduction to Architecture of Object Oriented Database Management System and how it differs from RDBMS means Relational Database Management System
Comparison of Relational Database and Object Oriented DatabaseEditor IJMTER
The object-oriented database (OODB) is the combination of object-oriented
programming language (OOPL) systems and persistent systems. Object DBMSs add database
functionality to object programming languages. They bring much more than persistent
storage of programming language objects. A major benefit of this approach is the unification
of the application and database development into a seamless data model and language
environment. This report presents the comparison between object oriented database and
relational database. It gives advantages of OODBMS over RDBMS. It gives applications of
OODBMS.
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Desde que se implementó la nueva Reforma Fiscal es común que los pequeños y medianos empresarios escuchen con mucha recurrencia el término Régimen de Incorporación Fiscal (RIF), pero ¿sabes qué es?, ¿cómo se integra? o ¿qué beneficios se tiene al pertenecer a él?.
Este término comenzó a utilizarse a partir del ejercicio fiscal de 2014 en el cual los contribuyentes del régimen de pequeños contribuyentes (REPECOS), intermedios con ingresos menores a dos millones de pesos, personas físicas que realizan actividades empresariales, que rentan bienes o prestan servicios para los cuales no requiere título profesional, fueron unidos en un solo régimen llamado “Régimen de Incorporación Fiscal”.
Setki gotowych rozwiązań dla programistów XML i XSLT
Język XSLT to jedna z najważniejszych technologii służących do przekształcania dokumentów XML. Za pomocą tego języka można pobierać dane XML, przekształcać je na strony HTML, a nawet generować na ich podstawie wykresy w formacie SVG. Niniejsza książka to praktyczny przewodnik po tych oraz wielu innych funkcjach języka XSLT, a przedstawiony w niej materiał obejmuje także rozbudowane możliwości najnowszej wersji -- XSLT 2.0.
Książka "XSLT. Receptury. Wydanie II" zawiera setki gotowych rozwiązań problemów stojących przed programistami używającymi XSLT. Znajdziesz tu sposoby wykonania różnych zadań związanych z transformacją danych XML, zarówno tych podstawowych, jak i skomplikowanych. Poznasz rozmaite techniki przetwarzania dokumentów XML bazujące na obu wersjach języka XSLT. Zrozumiesz także praktyczne zagadnienia związane z wydajnością tworzonych rozwiązań i wygodą ich stosowania. W wielu recepturach znajdziesz alternatywne rozwiązania problemów, dzięki czemu będziesz mógł wybrać technikę najbardziej odpowiadającą wykonywanemu przez Ciebie zadaniu.
* Opis XSLT 2.0
* Wprowadzenie do języka XPath
* Wyszukiwanie danych w dokumentach XML
* Przekształcanie danych XML na różne formaty (zwykły tekst, HTML, SVG, XML)
* Przetwarzanie łańcuchów znaków i wyrażeń matematycznych
* Obsługa dat i czasu
* Obsługa zapytań XML
* Obsługa XSLT w innych językach
* Generowanie kodu
* Zaawansowane zastosowania XSLT
* Testowanie arkuszy XSLT
Gotowe rozwiązania przedstawione w tej książce pomogą
Ci w szybkim tworzeniu niezawodnych programów.
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www.globaladvertisers.in
Vuélvete un Experto en el Régimen de Incorporación Fiscal y Aprovecha sus Ven...Factura-E
Made with Flare More Info
Desde que se implementó la nueva Reforma Fiscal es común que los pequeños y medianos empresarios escuchen con mucha recurrencia el término Régimen de Incorporación Fiscal (RIF), pero ¿sabes qué es?, ¿cómo se integra? o ¿qué beneficios se tiene al pertenecer a él?.
Este término comenzó a utilizarse a partir del ejercicio fiscal de 2014 en el cual los contribuyentes del régimen de pequeños contribuyentes (REPECOS), intermedios con ingresos menores a dos millones de pesos, personas físicas que realizan actividades empresariales, que rentan bienes o prestan servicios para los cuales no requiere título profesional, fueron unidos en un solo régimen llamado “Régimen de Incorporación Fiscal”.
Setki gotowych rozwiązań dla programistów XML i XSLT
Język XSLT to jedna z najważniejszych technologii służących do przekształcania dokumentów XML. Za pomocą tego języka można pobierać dane XML, przekształcać je na strony HTML, a nawet generować na ich podstawie wykresy w formacie SVG. Niniejsza książka to praktyczny przewodnik po tych oraz wielu innych funkcjach języka XSLT, a przedstawiony w niej materiał obejmuje także rozbudowane możliwości najnowszej wersji -- XSLT 2.0.
Książka "XSLT. Receptury. Wydanie II" zawiera setki gotowych rozwiązań problemów stojących przed programistami używającymi XSLT. Znajdziesz tu sposoby wykonania różnych zadań związanych z transformacją danych XML, zarówno tych podstawowych, jak i skomplikowanych. Poznasz rozmaite techniki przetwarzania dokumentów XML bazujące na obu wersjach języka XSLT. Zrozumiesz także praktyczne zagadnienia związane z wydajnością tworzonych rozwiązań i wygodą ich stosowania. W wielu recepturach znajdziesz alternatywne rozwiązania problemów, dzięki czemu będziesz mógł wybrać technikę najbardziej odpowiadającą wykonywanemu przez Ciebie zadaniu.
* Opis XSLT 2.0
* Wprowadzenie do języka XPath
* Wyszukiwanie danych w dokumentach XML
* Przekształcanie danych XML na różne formaty (zwykły tekst, HTML, SVG, XML)
* Przetwarzanie łańcuchów znaków i wyrażeń matematycznych
* Obsługa dat i czasu
* Obsługa zapytań XML
* Obsługa XSLT w innych językach
* Generowanie kodu
* Zaawansowane zastosowania XSLT
* Testowanie arkuszy XSLT
Gotowe rozwiązania przedstawione w tej książce pomogą
Ci w szybkim tworzeniu niezawodnych programów.
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Just a game Assignment 3
1. What has made Louis Vuitton's business model successful in the Japanese luxury market?
2. What are the opportunities and challenges for Louis Vuitton in Japan?
3. What are the specifics of the Japanese fashion luxury market?
4. How did Louis Vuitton enter into the Japanese market originally? What were the other entry strategies it adopted later to strengthen its presence?
5. Will Louis Vuitton have any new challenges arise due to the global financial crisis? How does it overcome the new challenges?Assignment 3
1. What has made Louis Vuitton's business model successful in the Japanese luxury market?
2. What are the opportunities and challenges for Louis Vuitton in Japan?
3. What are the specifics of the Japanese fashion luxury market?
4. How did Louis Vuitton enter into the Japanese market originally? What were the other entry strategies it adopted later to strengthen its presence?
5. Will Louis Vuitton have any new challenges arise due to the global financial crisis? How does it overcome the new challenges?Assignment 3
1. What has made Louis Vuitton's business model successful in the Japanese luxury market?
2. What are the opportunities and challenges for Louis Vuitton in Japan?
3. What are the specifics of the Japanese fashion luxury market?
4. How did Louis Vuitton enter into the Japanese market originally? What were the other entry strategies it adopted later to strengthen its presence?
5. Will Louis Vuitton have any new challenges arise due to the global financial crisis? How does it overcome the new challenges?
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Syllabus for screening test 10+2 lecturer in computer sciences..
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DETAILED SYLLABUS FOR SCREENING TEST OF LECTURER
10+2 COMPUTER SCIENCES
SYLLABUS FOR SCREENING TEST OF LECTURER 10+2 COMPTUER
SCIENCE
1. Computer Fundamentals and Applications
(i) Generation of Computers, PC Family of Computers, Different
I/O devices; Introduction to Operating System, Overview of
different Operating Systems, Functions of Operating System;
Fundamentals of Disk Operating System (DOS), Understanding
DOS prompt, Working with DOS commands, Config.sys and
Autoexec.bat files.
(ii) Introduction to Windows, Working with Accessories (Notepad,
WordPad and Paint); Personalizing Windows, Installing and
Removing Applications; Boot Options and Concept of Registry.
(iii) Introduction to Office Tools: Word Processing, Advantages of
Word Processing, Fundamentals of MS‐Word, Working with
Menus and Toolbars, Introduction to Macros. Overview of
Excel, Working with Cells, Creating Worksheets, Working with
Formulae Bar. Introduction to PowerPoint, Creating and
Designing Slides, Working with Hyperlinks & Animation.
(iv) PC Management: Disc Management Tools, PC Tools, Norton
Utilities, Disk Doctor; Introduction to Computer Security,
Viruses, Virus Detection, Prevention & Cure Utilities. Using
Internet: Shared Folders; Browsers, E‐Mails, Attachments;
Search Engines.
2. Programming Language Principles
(i) The role of Programming Languages : Towards Higher Level
Languages programming paradigms, Language
implementation, Language Description : Syntactic Structures,
Expression Notations, Abstract Syntax Trees, Lexical Syntax,
Context Free Grammars, Grammars for expression . Imperative
Programming : Structured Programming, Syntax directed
control flow, Design considerations, handling special cases in
loops, programming with invariants , proof rules for partial
correctness, control flow in C
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(ii) Data Representation : The role of types, basic types, arrays ,
records, unions and variant records, Sets, Pointers, Two String
Tables, Type and error checking. Procedure Activations :
Introduction to Procedures, parameter passing methods, score
rules for names, nested scope in source text, activation
records, lexical scope : procedures as in C
Objected Oriented Programming : Constructs for program
structuring, Information hiding, Program design and
modules, modules and defined types, class declarations in
C++, dynamic collection in C++, templates : Parameterized
types, Implementation of Objects in C++ . Inheritance,
derived classes and information hiding.
(iii) Functional Programming : Language of expressions, types,
values and operations , approaches to expression evaluation,
lexical scope, type checking, Function declaration by cases,
Functions as first class values, Implicit types, data types
exception handling, Scheme, a dialect of Lisp, the structure of
lists, list manipulation, Simplification of Expressions. Logic
Programming, Computing with relations, Introduction to
Prolog, data structures in Prolog, Programming techniques,
Controls in Prolog, Cuts
(iv) An introduction to concurrent Programming, Parallelism in
Hardware, Streams : implicit synchronization, concurrency as
interleaving, Liveliness properties, safe accesses to shared data
concurrency in ADA. Language Description : Semantic
Methods, Synthesized Attributes, Attribute Grammars, natural
semantics, Denotational Semantics, Equality of Pure Lambda
terms, Substitution revisited, Computation with pure lambda
terms, programming constructs as lambda terms, the typed
lambda calculus, polymorphic types.
3. Database Management Systems
(i) Elementary Database Concepts. Hierarchical, Relational,
Network and OO Database Architectures and their
comparison. Data Modeling. Relational model – Concept.
Algebra and Constraints. Use of SQL as a Relational database
language in data definition and query formulation.
(ii) Comparison of DBMS : MySQL, DB2, MS SQL Server, Oracle
8i/9i/10g – their strength and weaknesses. Summary of
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Normalization techniques used with RDBMS – relative comparison
and applications. Concept and use of indexes; Clustering –
Effects on performance.
(iii) Database backup, recovery and management using Oracle
RMAN. DBMS performance tuning; goals, principles &
benchmarks. DBMS Storage management. Oracle Enterprise
Manager: Console functions, Database Administration tools –
DBA Studio. Oracle SQL * Net capability – architecture &
operations.
(iv) Oracle Enterprise Security Manager – use authentication and
privilege management. Integrity Management – Locking
techniques; implementation using Latches. Database
Replication Management – Multiple master technique; types
of propagation & replication; conflict resolution. Programmatic
interfaces to Oracle RDBMS; Case Study of SQLJ, JDBC and
related Java capabilities in Oracle.
4. Data and File Structures
(i) Introduction : Introduction to Data Structure; Primitive and
non‐primitive data structure; Linear and non‐linear data
structure; Recursion Function and its
examples.
String Manipulation, String Matching
Techniques & Applications; Markov theorem and its
applications; Sparse array and its implementation.
(ii) Concept of Stack and Queue. Single and Doubly – Linked Lists.
Circular linked List, their implementation and comparison.
Array based and Linked List based Implementation of stack and
Queues and their applications.
(iii) Searching : Sequential and Binary Search on Array – based
ordered lists and their time; complexity; Concept of Hash
Functions, Hash‐ tables and Hashing with Chaining. Sorting
Techniques : Insertion Sort, Selection Sort, Quick Sort, Heap
Sort. External Sorting : K‐way Merge Strategy. File Structure :
Sequential Files, Indexed Files, Direct Files.
(iv) Binary Trees, their implementation and traversal. Binary
Search Trees: Searching, Insertion and Deletion of nodes.
Height Balance and Concept of AVL Trees. Concept of purpose
of B‐Trees. Graphs : Definition,
Terminology and representation using Adjacency Matrix and
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linked list. Shortest Path Algorithms and their implementation. Graph
Traversals; BFS and DFS Algorithms and their implementations.
5. Programming Concepts in C/C++
(i) Arrays : Declaration; initialization; 2‐ dimensional and 3‐
dimensional array, passing array to function, strings and string
functions, and character arrays.
Pointers : variables, swapping data, swapping address v/s
data, misuse of address operators, pointers and arrays,
pointers to pointers, strings, pointer arithmetic, additional
operators, portability, pointers to functions, using pointers
with arrays, void pointers. Structures and
unions: syntax and use, members, structures as function
arguments, structure pointers, array of structures as
arguments, passing array of structure members, call by
reference.
(ii) Functions; prototype, passing parameters, storage classes,
identifier visibility, Recursive functions. Command‐line
arguments. Scope rules, multi‐file programming, Introduction
to macros. File processing in C and
C++. Introduction to
Graphics, graphic initialization, graphic modes, drivers, basis
drawing functions, Animations – concept and implementation,
Building graphical user interface.
(iii) Introduction to classes and objects; Constructor; destructor;
Operator overloading; Function Overloading; function
overriding; friend function; copy constructor;
Inheritance: Single, Multiple and Multilevel
Inheritance; Virtual function and
Polymorphism: Dynamic binding, Static binding; Virtual
functions; Pure virtual function; Concrete implementation of
virtual functions; Dynamic binding Call mechanism,
Implementation of polymorphism, virtual destructors.
(iv) Templates: Function Templates, Class Templates, Member
Function Template and Template Arguments, Exception
Handling, Standard Template Library; Containers, Algorithms,
Iterators and Function Objects.
6. Software Engineering and Management
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(i) Introduction : Software Engineering, Evolving role of
Software, Concept of Software, Changing nature of Software,
Software Myths, Software Importance, Characteristics,
Software Components, Software crises, Software Engineering
Challenges (Scale, Quality Productivity, Consistency and
Repeatability, Change), Software standard, Software
Engineering Approach.
(ii) Software Process Management : Software Process, phase’s
framework, capability maturity model integration (CMMI),
Process patterns, process assessment, personal and team
process models (PSP, TSP) process technology, characteristics
of software process, Introduction to Software process models
waterfall, incremental process models, Evolutionary process
model. Process planning, Estimation, COCOMO Model, Project
Scheduling and staffing, Risk Management (concepts, Risk
assessment , and Risk control)
(iii) Introduction to Software Requirement Analysis and
Specification: Software requirement, (need for SRS
requirement process), problem analysis (informal approach,
data flow modeling, Object oriented modeling, prototyping),
requirement specification (characteristics, components),
Concept of Use Cases, Concept of validation.
(iv) Design Engineering: Function oriented design, Design
principles, Coupling and Cohesion, Design Notations &
Specifications, Structured Design Methodology; Object –
Oriented Design, OO Concepts, Design Concepts, Design
Methodology (Dynamic and Functional Modeling), Design
Verification.
CASE (Computer Aided Software Engineering) Concept, Scope,
CASE Support in Software Life Cycle, Documentation, Project
Management.
7. Operating Systems
(i) Overview of an Operating System, Resource Management,
Operating System Interface, Process Management concepts,
Inter‐Process Communication, Process Scheduling,
Synchronization, Deadlocks.
(ii) Memory Management, Linking, Loading, Memory Allocation,
Design Issues and Problems, Virtual Memory, Fragmentation,
Implementing Virtual Memory Paging, Segmentation, Virtual
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Memory Design Techniques, Buffering Techniques, Spooling.
(iii) File Management – File Systems & I/O Device Drivers, Access
Strategies, File Systems, File System Organization, Design
Techniques.
Multiprocessor Systems, Types of Multiprocessor Operating
Systems, Design and Implementation Issues.
(iv) Case Studies, Unix/Linux Operating Systems, Users View,
Design Principles, Implementation, Process Management, File
System, I/O System, Windows NT.
8. Unix/Linux Programming
(i) Unix Basics : Introduction to Unix/Linux, Basic Commands, Text
Processing Commands, Data Processing in Unix/Linux, Unix
Administration – creating and managing users, managing
printing.
(ii) Introduction to Shell : Unix/Linux Shells, Shell variables,
Environment variables, Arithmetic, Relational and Logical
Operators.
Programming with Shell : Shell Programming, Different Shell
constructs, looping statements, decision statements,
keywords, solving arithmetic expressions.
(iii) GUI Development in Unix/Linux : Accessing Unix and Linux in
GUI mode, Introduction to X windows. Introduction to GUI
development in Unix and Linux, Introduction to Qt as
development tool. Introduction to various controls and forms
in Qt. Designing simple forms in Qt, manipulating various
controls in Qt.
(iv) Database Basics with Unix and Linux : Basics of Database,
Introduction to MySQL, Basic commands of MySQL e.g. insert,
delete, update etc. Connecting to database with Qt. Develop
Small application using Qt and MySQL.
9. Compiler Design
(i) Compiler Structure : Compilers and Translators, Analysis –
Synthesis Model of Compilation, Various Phases of Compiler,
Pass Structure, Bootstrapping & Compiler Construction Tools.
Lexical Analysis : Interface with input, parser and symbol table,
token, lexeme and patterns, difficulties in lexical analysis, Error
Reporting, Regular definition, Transition diagrams, LEX.
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Capabilities of Lexical Analyzer
(ii) Finite Automata : Nondeterministic Finite Automata,
Deterministic Finite Automata, Subset Construction,
Thompson’s Construction, DFA State Minimization.
The Syntactic Specification of Programming Languages: CFG,
Derivation and Parse tree, Ambiguity, Capabilities of CFG.
(iii) Basic Parsing Techniques : Top‐Down parsers with
backtracking, Recursive Descent Parsers, Predictive Parsers,
Nonrecursive Predictive Parsers, Bottom‐up Parsers, Shift‐
Reduce Parsing, Operator Precedence Parsers, LR parsers.
YACC, Syntax Directed Definitions, Type checking.
(iv) Run Time Memory Management : Static and Dynamic storage
allocation, stack based memory allocation schemes, Symbol
Table Management.
Error Detection and Recovery : Lexical phase errors, Syntactic
phase errors, Semantic errors.
Intermediate Code Generation : Different Intermediate forms :
three address code, Quadruples & Triples.
(v) Sources of optimization, Local Optimization, Loop
optimization, Peephole optimization, Issues in the design of
Code Generator, Basic Blocks and Flow Graphs,
Transformations on Basic Blocks, DAG, Code Generation
Algorithm, Register Allocation and Assignment.
10. Java Programming
(i) An overview to Java, Comparison with other languages (C &
C++) , Java and Internet, Features of Java, Introduction to Java
Virtual Machine, Object Oriented Programming Concepts
(Abstraction, Encapsulation, Inheritance, Polymorphism).
Data types : Integers, Floating Point, Character type, Boolean.
Variables : Assignment, Initialization and Conversions.
Operators : Arithmetic, Assignment, Modulus, Relational,
Boolean, Bitwise, Precedence Summary, Unicode Character
Set.
(ii) Arrays : Single and Multidimensional. Input, Output, Error
Statements, Control Statements and Looping Structures.
Typecasting, Classes & Objects: Class Fundamentals, Declaring
Objects, Exploring new operator, Creating Methods,
Constructors, types of constructors, using this keyword,
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Finalizers, Acces specifiers, static, the final modifier, abastract, the
native modifier, the transient modifier, the synchronized
modifier, volatile modifier, Command Line arguments &
Argument passing. Inheritance : Basics of Inheritance, Super
class, Member Access, Creating a Multilevel Hierarchy, Method
Overriding, Dynamic Method Dispatch & Abstract Class.
Packages and Interfaces : Defining and importing packages,
Understanding Class path,
(iii) Defining and implementing interfaces. Exception Handling:
Fundamentals of Exceptions, Exception types, using Try and
Catch, Throwing Exceptions, Built‐in Exceptions in Java, User
defined Exceptions. Multithreaded Programming: Java Thread
Model, Creating & working with threads, Threat priorities,
Introduction to Synchronization and Dead Locks. String
Handling: String Constructor, String Operations, Character
Extraction, String Searching & Comparison, String Buffer Class,
String Buffer v/s String Class. Land Package: Simple Type
Wrappers, Runtime & Introduction to Memory Management.
(iv) File Handling, File Class, Streams : Stream Classes, Reading &
writing to Console, Accessing Files & Directories, File Input and
Output Stream, Byte Array Input & Output Stream. Applets:
Overview, Life cycle of an Applet, HTML tag, Parameter
Passing, Applet vs Applications. Introduction, working with
AWT Controls and Layout Manager, Event Handling.
Introduction to Swings, JDBC.
11. Theory of Computation and Formal Languages
(i) Basic concepts of theory of computation: Alphabets, Strings,
and Representations, Formal Languages and Grammars, Finite
Stage Transducers, Finite‐State Automata and Regular
Languages, Limitations of Finite‐Memory Programs, Closure
Properties for Finite‐Memory Programs, Decidable Properties
for Finite –Memory Programs.
(ii) Recursive finite –domain programs, Recursion, Pushdown
Transducers, Context –Free Languages, Limitations of
Recursive Finite‐domain Programs, Closure Properties for
Recursive Finite –Domain Programs.
(iii) Turing Machines. Programs and Turing Transducers, Non‐
Determinism versus Determinism, Universal Turing
Transducers, Un‐decidability. Decidable Properties for
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Recursive Finite –Domain Programs.
(iv) Introduction to resource‐bounded computation, Time and
Space, A Time Hierarchy, Nondeterministic Polynomial Time,
More NP‐Complete Problems, Polynomial Space, P‐Complete
Problems.
12. Optimization Techniques
(i) Linear Programming Problem (LPP) and Duality: Formulating
LPPs. Simplex Algorithm, Dual Linear Programs, Duality
Theorem, Dual Simplex Method, Sensitivity Problems.
(ii) Transportation and Assignment Problems : Formulation of
Transportation problem (TP). Various methods of selecting in
initial basic feasible solution. Degeneracy in TP and its
resolution. Assignment problem, Algorithm Unbalanced
Assignment Problem.
(iii) Inventory Models and Game Theory. Inventory Problems and
their analytical structures, deterministic economical lot size
model, Stochastic and deterministic order level system. Game
theory : Definition and explanation of important terms: saddle
points. Dominance mixed strategies : games without saddle
points 2Xn games.
(iv) Replacement and Sequencing models. Replacement of terms
that fail. Replacement of items that deteriorate. Sequencing of
n jobs on two machines and three machines with no passing.
CPM – Determination of critical tasks. PERT – probability of
completing the project on schedule.
13. Artificial Intelligence and Neural Network
(i) Searching State –spaces: Use of states and transitions to
model problems , Breadth – first, depth – first and related
types of search, A * search algorithm, Use of heuristics in
search.
Reasoning in logic : Brief revision of propositional and
predicate logic. Different characterizations of reasoning,
Generalized modus ponens Resolution, Prolog, Forward and
backward chaining.
(ii) Knowledge Representation : Diversity of knowledge,
Inheritance hierarchies , Semantic Networks, Knowledgeable
ontologies
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Handling uncertainty : Diversity of uncertainty, Probability
theory in intelligent systems, Dempster‐Shafer theory.
Machine Learning : Introduction of knowledge , Decision tree
learning algorithms.
(iii) Intelligent agents : An architecture for intelligent agents
Multi‐agent systems
Nature and Goals of Neural Computing : Comparison with rule‐
based AI Overview of network architectures and learning
paradigms
Binary Decision Neurons : The McCullough – Pitts Model
Single‐layer perceptrons and their limitations
(iv) The Multilayer Perception : The sigmoid output function,
Hidden units and feature detectors, Training by error
backpropagation, The error surface and local minima,
Generalization, how to avoid ‘overtraining’
The Hopfield Model : Content Addressable memories and
attractor nets Hopfield energy function, Setting the weights,
Storage capacity Topographic maps in the brain Self‐
Organising Nets : The Kohonen self – organizing feature map.
14. Modeling & Simulation
(i) Concepts of Systems, Models, and Simulation. Distributed Lag
Model, Cobweb Models, The process of a simulation Study.
Exponential Growth Models, Exponential Decay Models, Type
of Simulation, Discrete – Event Simulation: Time‐Advance
Mechanisms, Components and Organization of a Discrete –
Event Simulation Model. Monte Carlo Method. Simulation of
Single‐Server Queuing System, Simulation of an Inventory
System.
(ii) Continuous Simulation : Pure – pursuit Problem.
Random Number Generators : Linear Congruential Generators,
Other kinds of Generators, Testing Random – Number
Generators.
Generating Random Variates : General Approaches ,
Continuous and Discrete distributions.
(iii) Introduction to GPSS, General Description, GPSS block‐
diagram, Simulation of a Manufacturing Shop. SNA, Function,
Simulation of a Supermarket, GPSS Model of a Simple
Telephone System
(iv) Output Data Analysis for a Single System: Transient and
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Steady‐State Behaviour of a Stochastic Process, Type of Simulations
with regard to output Analysis and Statistical Analysis for
Testing Simulation. Verification and Validation of Simulation.
An introduction of different types of simulation languages.
15. Wireless and Mobile Communication
(i) Classification and types of Wireless telephones, Introduction
to Cordless, Fixed Wireless (WLL), Wireless with limited
mobility (WLL‐M) and (Fully) Mobile Wireless phones.
Introduction to various generations of mobile phone
technologies and future trends. Wireline vs. Wireless portion
of mobile communication networks. Mobile‐Originated vs.
Mobile –Terminated calls. Mobile – Phone numbers vs. Fixed‐
Phone numbers, Billing issues.
(ii) Electromagnetic spectrum, its use and allocation to well –
known bands, Concept of cells, sectorization, coverage area,
frequency reuse, Cellular networks and handoffs.
(iii) Wireless Transmission concepts: types of antennas, signal
propagation, multipath propagation, Comparison of FDM, TDM
and CDM techniques. Basic concepts of Spread Spectrum (SS)
technique; Direct Sequence SS versus Frequency Hopping SS.
(iv) Simplified implementation of IS‐95 CDMA using chip
sequences. Concept of CDMA (PCS & Cellular) channel;
Forward and Reverse CDMA channel for a cell/sector. Concept
of (Walsh) Code Channels within a CDMA Channel. Purpose of
Pilot, Sync, Paging, Forward Traffic Channels. Purpose of
Access & Reverse TCs. Comparison of Cellular and PCS CDMA
networks; frequencies and cell sizes. Advantages/
Disadvantages of smaller cell size. Concept of Voice Coding
Components of Mobile Network Infrastructure : MS, BTS, BSC,
MSC; their basic functions and characteristics. Types of
handoffs in GSM. Use of HLR and VLR in mobile networks.
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