In SharePoint 2010, services are no longer contained within a Shared Services Provider. Instead, services are hosted through service applications that can be shared across server farms or within a single farm. Some services support cross-farm sharing and can be run from a central location and consumed elsewhere. Each web application connects to service applications, and administrators can control which applications a web application connects to.

1. Services in SharePoint 2010 Products
Updated services infrastructure Services Stores Cross- SharePoint
Service applications Description SharePoint SharePoint
data? farm? Foundation Server 2010 Server 2010
2010 Standard Enterprise
In Microsoft® SharePoint® Server Sharing services across farms Service groups Connecting service applications to
Farm 1
Access Services View, edit, and interact with Microsoft® Access® 2010
Cache 
databases in a browser.
2010, services are no longer contained · Some services can be shared across server farms. · By default, all service applications are included in Web applications
Other services can be shared only within a single the default group, unless you change this setting Business Data Connectivity Access line-of-business (LOB) data systems. DB    
within a Shared Services Provider IIS Web site—“SharePoint Web Services” · When you create a service application, a
server farm. Services that support sharing across for a service application when it is created. You connection for the service application is created at Excel Services Application Viewing and interact with Excel files in a browser. Cache 
(SSP). Instead, the infrastructure for farms can be run in a central farm and consumed Application pool
can add and remove service applications from the the same time. A connection is a virtual entity that Managed Metadata Service Access managed taxonomy hierarchies, keywords and
hosting services moves into from regional locations. default group at any time. connects Web applications to service applications.
social tagging infrastructure as well as Content Type DB   
publishing across site collections.
SharePoint® Foundation 2010 and the · Each Web application can be configured to use Service A Service C Service F
· When you create a Web application, you can · In Windows PowerShell these connections are PerformancePoint Provides the capabilities of PerformancePoint Services. Cache   
configuration of service offerings is services from different farms. For example, you can select the default group or you can create a called proxies. The term “proxy” also appears at the
Service B Service D Search Crawls content, produces index partitions, and serves
share the User Profile Service across Web custom group of services. You create a custom DB   
much more flexible. Individual services end of the type description for connections on the search queries.
applications in several server farms while using group of services by selecting only the service Manage Service Applications page in Central
Service E Secure Store Service Provides single sign-on authentication to access
can be configured independently and some services, such as the Business Data applications that you want the Web application to multiple applications or services.
DB   
Administration.
third-party companies can add Connectivity, locally. use.
· Connections for services in the local farm are not State Service Provides temporary storage of user session data for
SharePoint Server components.
DB  
services to the platform. · In large environments, computing-intensive · Custom groups are not reusable across multiple created by the administrator, but these appear
services can be run in a central farm to minimize Web applications. Each time you select “custom” along with the list of service applications in Central
Usage and Health Data Collects farm wide usage and health data and provides
DB   
Collection the ability to view various usage and health reports.
administration overhead and to scale out easily and Default group Custom group when creating a Web application, you are selecting
More granular configuration of Administration. User Profile Adds support for My Sites, Profiles pages, Social
efficiently as requirements grow. services only for the Web application you are DB   
services · Some connections might include settings that can Tagging and other social computing features.
For more information about sharing services across creating.
be modified. For example, if a Web application is Visio Graphics Service Viewing and refresh of published Microsoft® Visio® Blob
· You can deploy only the services that are needed farms, see the model Cross-farm services in diagrams in a Web browser. cache

connected to multiple instances of the Managed
to a farm. Services that are deployed are called SharePoint Products and Technologies. Application pool Web Analytics Provides Web Service interfaces.
Metadata service, you must indicate which of the   
service applications. You can choose the service applications for a Web Deploying services
Web application Web application connections is connected to the primary service Word Automation Services Performs automated bulk document conversions. Cache  
· Web applications can be configured to use only the application when you create the Web application. You
You deploy service applications within a farm by one of application which hosts the corporate taxonomy.
can also modify the services that are associated with a Microsoft SharePoint Tracks subscription IDs and settings for services that
services that are needed, rather than the entire set Logical architecture the following methods: Foundation Subscription are deployed in partitioned mode. Windows PowerShell DB   
Web application later. Settings Service only.
of services that are deployed. See the screen shot, · All service applications in a farm are deployed to Application pool · Selecting services while running the Initial Services administration
right. the same IIS Web site. Configuration Wizard. · Services are managed directly in Central
· You can deploy multiple instances of the same
service in a farm and assign unique names to the
· Service applications can be deployed to different
Web application
· Adding services one by one on the Manage Service Administration rather than on a separate Additional services provided by other Microsoft products
application pools to achieve process isolation. Applications page in the Central Administration site.
resulting service applications (see Farms B and C administration site. Service Applications Description Stores Cross-
However, farm performance is optimized if services Data? farm?
below). are contained within one application pool. · Using Windows PowerShell. · Services can be monitored and managed remotely.
Office Web Apps services: Office Web Apps is a new Web-based productivity offering from Microsoft® Office 2010
· You can share services across multiple Web · To achieve physical isolation of services, create This diagram illustrates two different groupings of service · Services can be managed and scripted by · Microsoft® Word 2010 suites. Office Web Apps services include companions to Microsoft Word 2010, Microsoft
applications: the default group and a custom group. Windows PowerShell. Viewing Excel 2010, Microsoft PowerPoint 2010, and Microsoft OneNote 2010. These Web-based
applications within the same farm. separate instances of service applications and applications are stand-alone applications focused on offering access to Word 2010,
· Microsoft® PowerPoint®
place them in different application pools (see Farm · Remote farms do not need direct permissions to the 2010
PowerPoint 2010, Excel 2010, and OneNote 2010 documents through any browser across
No
multiple platforms, lightweight creation and editing capabilities in standard formats,
B below). parent farm's configuration or services databases. · Excel® Services in
sharing and collaboration on those documents through the browser, and a variety of Web-
SharePoint® Server 2010
enabled scenarios. Documents created by using Web Applications are no different than
· Microsoft® OneNote 2010
documents created by using the corresponding desktop applications. The associated
services are used to prepare documents for viewing and editing in a Web browser.
Microsoft® Project Server Microsoft Project Server 2010 hosts one or more Microsoft® Project Web Access instances,
Architecture examples
2010 exposes scheduling functionality and other middle-tier calculations on Microsoft® Project DB No
data, and exposes Web services for interacting with Microsoft Project 2010 data.
Single-farm, single service group Single-farm, multiple service groups
Description Recommendations Description Recommendations
Farm B IIS Web Site—“SharePoint Web Services”
·
Farm A ·
The default group of services is used for all This is the recommended configuration for most IIS Web Site—“SharePoint Web Services” Targeted service applications are deployed for This configuration works well for companies with
Web applications in a farm. companies, at least initially. This configuration dedicated use by one or more groups within an divisions or teams that require dedicated services Application pool Application pool
Application pool
· All sites have access to all of the service works well for hosting a large number of sites for a organization. For example, in or isolated service data, or for sites that are set up
applications that are deployed in the farm. single company on the same farm. Access Excel Managed User Profile Farm B (right), an additional instance of Excel with a narrower scope, such as partner Excel Managed User Profile Excel Access
Use this configuration if: Services Services Metadata Services Application is deployed for the Finance collaboration. Services Metadata Services Services
Application group (bottom-right Web application). Access Application Calculation
Advantages · You want to optimize the resources required to Configuring multiple groups of services allows
Services is also deployed for this group. teams and sites to consume services that are
· Simplest architecture. run services within a farm.
· One or more Web applications are created using a offered enterprise-wide, such as profile and search
· All services are available to all Web · You are sharing content and profile data Business Data Secure Store Search services, while at the same time isolating the use of Business Data Secure Store Search
custom group of services. The SharePoint
applications. across sites that otherwise require process Connectivity Service Connectivity Service
administrator selects the service applications that targeted services for security or performance
isolation, for performance or security reasons.
· Most efficient use of farm resources. are included in the custom group. In Farm B, the reasons.
· All services are managed centrally. custom group includes the two dedicated service Services commonly deployed for dedicated use by
applications as well as most of the services that are an individual team or department include:
deployed to the farm.
· Excel Services Application — To optimize
Disadvantages · More than one custom group can be created. In performance for a targeted group or to isolate
· Does not allow isolation of service data. Default group Farm C (below), dedicated service applications for sensitive data. Default group Custom group
· the Business Data Connectivity and the Managed
Individual departments or groups cannot · Managed Metadata — To allow a team or
manage service applications on their own. Metadata services are deployed to the farm for use
department to manage their own taxonomy,
by the HR department, resulting in a second custom
hierarchies, keywords, and so on. SharePoint
group (in addition to the dedicated services and
Server 2010 combines the results of multiple
group that are created for the Finance group). Application pool Application pool
instances of the Managed Metadata Web
Application pool Application pool · In some cases, a dedicated group of services is service, and so taxonomies, content types, and
configured to narrow the list of services that are Web application—Company Web Web application—Finance Web
Web application—Team Sites other elements can be shared across an Web application—My Sites
Web application—Published Intranet Content Web application—My Sites used by a Web application. For example, a partner organization.
collaboration site can be configured to consume a
· Business Data Connectivity — Individual
sub-set of the services that are offered by the farm. http://companyweb http://finance
http://team teams or departments can integrate with their http://my
http://Fabrikam http://my · Farm B achieves process isolation for services that own line of business data systems and keep the
are deployed for the Finance group by placing these data isolated from the rest of the organization. http://my/personal/<user>
http://my/personal/<user> services in a dedicated application pool. Farm C,
below, uses one application pool for all services,
and consequently optimizes the deployment of HR Facilities Purchasing
HR Facilities Purchasing services for performance instead.
Division 1 Division 2 Division 3
Team 1 Team 2 Team 3
Advantages Disadvantages
· Accommodates multiple organizational goals · More complex to configure and manage.
on the same farm. · Farm resources support multiple instances of
· Service data can be isolated. some services.
· Allows individual teams or departments to
manage the services that are dedicated for
their groups.
Manage Service Applications page Service Application Associations
· Sites can be configured to use a subset of
services. Farm C
Add service applications by clicking New Service application connections are also listed
A service connection (“proxy” in Windows PowerShell) is the logical element that page IIS Web Site—“SharePoint Web Services”
Deployed service applications are listed connects a Web application to a specific instance of a service. Administrators do not Application
need to create or manage these. Some connections have settings that can be Manage the association of services to Web applications pool
configured by administrators, for example, the Business Data Connectivity connection. The grouping of services for a Web application is configured when you first create a Web application. Use
Managed Excel User Profile Managed Excel Access
this page in Central Administration to edit the associations. Metadata Services Metadata Services Services
Application Application
On this page:
· Click a Web application to edit the services within the group or to select the default group of service Managed
Metadata
applications.
Business Data Secure Store Search Business Data
· Click a service group (proxy group) to edit the services associated with the group. Managed
Connectivity Service Connectivity
Metadata
The service group assignment is either the default group or a custom group. Custom service groups are
not re-usable across multiple Web applications. If you select “custom”, you are creating a new set of
associations for the Web application.
View which services are
associated with a Web application Connecting to multiple instances of the
Managed Metadata Service
· A grouping of services can include multiple
instances of the Managed Metadata service. Custom group Default group Custom group
For example, in the illustration (right), both of
the custom groups include two instances of
the Managed Metadata service.
· In this scenario, the sites within the Web
applications display taxonomy, social tagging, Application pool Application pool Application pool
and other features provided by this service
Web application—HRWeb Web application—Company Web Web application—My Sites Web application—Finance Web
from both of instances of the services.
· If there are multiple instances of this service,
one of the instances must be designated as
(http://CentralAdminSite) the primary service which hosts the corporate http://hrweb http://companyweb http://finance
http://my
taxonomy. All other instances of this service
(http://FabrikamFinanceWeb)
are then secondary instances, providing http://my/personal/<user>
additional data to the primary data.
· Unlike other cross-farm services, Web parts
by default include data from multiple
instances of the Managed Metadata service. Division 1 Division 2 Division 3
(http://mysites)
(http://teamsites)
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