Decent Work and Economic Growth Authors: Soumyadeep Arinda(IIPS, Mumbai) Mohit Kr. Pandey(IIPS, Mumbai)

1. SDG 8: Decent Work and Economic Growth
Presented by, Mohit Kr. Pandey & Soumyadeep Arinda

2. What is Decent Work?
According to the International Labor Organization (ILO),
decent work involves opportunities for work that are
productive and deliver a fair income, security in the
workplace and social protection for families, better
prospects for personal development and social integration,
freedom for people to express their concerns, organize
and participate in the decisions that affect their lives and
equality of opportunity and treatment for all women and
men.
What is Economic Growth?
Economic growth is the increase in the inflation-adjusted market
value of the goods and services produced by an economy over time. It
is conventionally measured as the percent rate of increase in real gross
domestic product, or real GDP.

3. Determinants of Economic Growth
Macro Determinants
• Rupee vs Dollar
• Fiscal Deficit
• Tax per GDP
• Inflation
• Import and Export
Micro Determinants
• Per capita income(or
expenditure)
• HDI
• Jobless growth
• Inequality
• poverty

4. Indicator 8.1.1 Annual growth rate of real GDP per capita
Indicator 8.2.1 Annual growth rate of real GDP per employed
person
Indicator 8.3.1 Proportion of informal employment in non-
agriculture employment, by sex
Indicator 8.4.1 Material footprint, material footprint per
capita, and material footprint per GDP
Indicator 8.5.1 Average hourly earnings of female and male
employees, by occupation, age and persons
with disabilities
Indicator 8.5.2 Unemployment rate, by sex, age and persons
with disabilities
Indicator 8.6.1 Proportion of youth (aged 15–24 years) not in
education, employment or training
Indicator 8.7.1 Proportion and number of children aged 5–17
years engaged in child labor, by sex and age
Indicator 8.8.1 Frequency rates of fatal and non-fatal
occupational injuries, by sex and migrant
status
Indicator 8.8.2 Increase in national compliance of labor rights
(freedom of association and collective
bargaining) based on International Labor
Organization (ILO) textual sources and
national legislation, by sex and migrant status
Indicator 8.9.1 Tourism direct GDP as a proportion of total
GDP and in growth rate
Indicator 8.10.1 Number of commercial bank branches and
automated teller machines (ATMs) per
100,000 adults
Indicator 8.a.1 Aid for Trade commitments and
disbursements
Indicator 8.b.1 Total government spending in social
protection and employment programs as a
proportion of the national budgets and GDP
Indicators

5. Facts and Figures: Global Scenario
The global
unemployment rate
stood at 5.6 percent in
2017, corresponding to
192.7 million
unemployed persons.
In 2017 there were
around 300 million
workers in extreme
poverty, living on less
than US$1.90 per day.
470 million jobs will be
needed to absorb new
entrants to the labor
market between 2016
and 2030.
Only 29 percent of the
global population has
comprehensive social
security; the other 71
percent are not, or only
partially, protected.
193m 470m300m 29%

6. Facts and Figures: Global Scenario
laborproductivityhasincreased
thegrowthratehasdeclined
Labor productivity at the
global level, measured as
output produced per
employed person in
constant 2005 US dollars,
grew by 2.1 per cent in
2017. This is the fastest
growth registered since
2010.
In 2016, real gross domestic
product (GDP) per capita
grew at 1.3 per cent globally,
less than the 1.7 per cent
average growth rate
recorded in 2010–2016. For
LDCs, the rate fell
sharply from 5.7 per cent in
2005–2009 to 2.3 per cent in
2010–2016.
Source : The Sustainable Development Goals Report 2018,UN

7. Data from 45 countries suggest that
gender inequality in earnings is still
pervasive: in 89 per cent of these
countries, the hourly wages of men
are, on average, higher than
those of women, with a median pay
gap of 12.5 per cent.
Men earned 12.5 per cent
more!
Facts and Figures: Global Scenario

8. Facts and Figures: Indian Scenario
Soure: https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/economy/indicators/indias-gdp-grows-at-8-2-per-cent-in-2018-19-
q1/articleshow/65623967.cms

9. Labour Force Participation Rate in
India
Urban Scenario Rural Scenario
Source: NSSO Data(Collected from Niti Ayog Website)

10. Unemployment Scenario in India
https://www.thehindu.com/migration_catalog/article10084147.ece/alternates/FREE
_660/unemployed

11. Formal Workers: Organized vs.
Unorganized
https://www.2thepoint.in/annual-household-survey-unemployment-data/

12. Facts and Figures:
Indian Scenario
• Nearly 30 million of India's labour force is unemployed, 26 mn are officially
underemployed.
• Only 10% workers are working in organized sector.
• 49% are casual workers out of 90% workers in unorganized sector.
• 23% are self-employed.
• Compared to 56% of our male population, only 23% of women are part of
India's total workforce: people who are usually employed.
• In rural India, nearly one-third of women workers' person days are lost
annually, while in the cities 15% of working days of women employees go
unutilized.

13. The employment challenge
Labour force participation
Industrial structure of employment
Unemployment in Uttar Pradesh
Mismatch between education and employability
Trends in average daily wages of casual wage workers
UTTAR PRADESH

14.  Quality of skill training
 Difference of wages in gender and social group
• 1.The employment challenge
• Nearly 53.3 per cent of population in the age-group of
15-59 years constitute the workforce in Uttar Pradesh.

15. Labour force participation

16. 91.4 million in 2011-12
2.75 per cent annually
1.96% Uttar Pradesh, India 2.96%
Industrial structure of employment
Industrialstructure of employment

17. Difference of wages in gender and
social group

18. District- Bhadohi
 Wage increment and difference
 Gender inequality
 Social inequality
 Policy for small business & agriculture
 Quality labour
 Job satisfaction
 Education