This document provides an overview of SCADA (Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition) systems. It describes the basic hardware and software architecture of SCADA, including distributed databases, data servers, PLCs, and control programs in the field. The document also outlines key SCADA functionality such as access control, HMI, trending, alarm handling, logging, archiving, report generation, and automation capabilities. SCADA systems are typically used in industrial processes and facilities to monitor and control equipment and processes.

1. SCADA
by
Prasad Mane (05IT6012)
School of Information Technology

2. Contents..
 Introduction
 Hardware Architecture
 Software Architecture
 Functionality
 Conclusion
 References
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3. Introduction
 What is SCADA?
 What is data acquisition?
 Where and why, use of SCADA?
Application area :
 Industrial processes : chemical, power generation and
distribution, metallurgy, …
 Nuclear processes : reactors, nuclear waste, ...
 Experimental physics : HEP laboratories
 Application size:
 20 k I/O to 450 K I/O,
 1 M I/O under development
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4. ERP Systems
SCADA ? Expert Systems
Supervisory Data
And Acquisition
Control
Archiving, Logging,
Graphics and Batch processing Access Control, Alarms
Distributed database
Data Server Data Server PLC’s
Field Bus
Control Programs
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5. Architecture
 Hardware
 Software
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6. Hardware
Typical Hardware Architecture
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7. Software Architecture
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8. Software Architecture
 Communication
Internal Communication
Access to Devices
 Interfacing
H/W
 Multiple communication protocols supported in a single system
 Support for major PLCs/DCSs but not VME
S/W
 API
 ODBC, DDE and OLE I/F to PC Products
 OPC Client and OPC Server
 ActiveX Containers
 Scalability
 Database
Configuration DB, alarm DB, Archive DB, log DB and
RTDB resides in the memory of the servers
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9. Functionality
 Generic SCADA functionality
 Access Control,
 MMI,
 Trending,
 Alarm Handling,
 Logging, Archiving,
 Report Generation,
 Automation.
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10. Functionality Contd..
 Access Control
Users - allocated to groups
group - defined read/write access
 MMI
multiple screens
library of standard graphical symbols
dragged and dropped
zooming, re-sizing, scrolling...
Links - pages to navigate
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11. Functionality Contd..
 Trending
based on parameters on specific chart
can be predefined or defined on-line
more than 8 trended parameters per chart
both real-time and historical trending
zooming and scrolling
 Alarm Handling
based on limit and status checking
handled centrally
E-mails can be generated
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12. Functionality Contd..
 Logging, Archiving
 Data stored in compressed and proprietary format
 Logging / Archiving either for a set number of parameters or for
a set period of time
 Logging / Archiving can be frequency or event driven *
 Logging of user actions together with a user ID
 VCR facility for playback of stored data
 Writing logs into RTDB
 Report Generation
 Reports created using SQL type queries to the RTDB or logs
 Automatic generation, printing and archiving of reports
 Use of ‘components’ for report generation
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13. Functionality Contd..
 Automation
triggered by events
defined in scripting languages
send e-mail ,write into RTDB
recipes
Sequencing
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14. Development Tools
 Project editor
 Graphics editor
 Configuration through parameter templates
 Scripting language
 Driver Development Tool Kit
 And more…
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15. Data Access Mechanism's
Alarm Server
 Alarm Server typically poll
data from the data server
( -> impact on network Data Server
bandwidth) Polling
More advanced techniques like
publish / subscribe are
available in some cases
Po
l
l in
g
 Data from field buses are
mainly polled
Field Bus
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16. Conclusion
SCADA is a control system with
•More frond end functionality
•More interfaces and efficient storage
•More record or device oriented configuration
•but System wide configuration tools are needed
•are less expensive than DCS, but offer different functionality
than DCS
•And finally various applications
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17. References
 www.scadanews.com
 www.princeton-indiana.com/wastewater/pages/scada/scada-overview.h
 www.ref.web.cern.ch/ref/CERN/CNL/2002/003/scada/
 www.sss-mag.com/scada.html
 www.scada.com
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