The Sudanese genocide began in 2003 as an ethnic cleansing campaign in Sudan and surrounding African countries. Over 350,000 people were killed in Sudan, Chad, the Central African Republic and Ethiopia. The genocide was carried out by the Janjaweed militias on behalf of Sudanese President Omar al-Bashir, targeting the Fur, Masalit, and Zaghawa ethnic groups. While a peace deal was signed in 2006, the conflict continued for years, ultimately causing over 200,000 deaths and displacing millions of people in Darfur.