The document discusses organizational design and the factors that lead to success and failure. It describes organizational design as a methodology to identify and realign dysfunctional work processes and structures according to business goals. There are six main organizational structure types - simple, functional, divisional, matrix, team and network - that a company may choose between based on its needs. Failures can result from not defining objectives clearly, structuring around people instead of goals, causing too much disruption, or bypassing processes. Successes stem from well-defined reporting relationships, efficient information flow, quick decision making, and adaptability providing competitive advantages.