STROKE ICTUS PARTE 1

1. STROKE / ICTUS
FRANCISCO BRASERO ORTEGA
 BAND 6 –STROKE NURSE : ENFERMERO
DE PRIMERA INTERVENCION ANTE
ICTUS / STROKE (UNITED KINGDOM)
NHS QUEEN ELISABETH ROYAL
HOSPITAL KINGS LYNN (CAMBRIGDE)
 WEST RAYNHAM WARD NURSE IN
CHARGE
FRANCISCO JOSE BRASERO ORTEGA - BAND
6 STROKE NURSE
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2. STROKE WARD
FRANCISCO JOSE BRASERO ORTEGA - BAND
6 STROKE NURSE
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3. PART 1
• THE STROKE
• ACT FAST
FRANCISCO JOSE BRASERO ORTEGA - BAND
6 STROKE NURSE
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4. STROKE / ICTUS
FRANCISCO JOSE BRASERO ORTEGA - BAND
6 STROKE NURSE
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5. WHY DO STROKES HAPPEN?
• Why do strokes happen?
• Like all organs, the brain needs the oxygen and
nutrients provided by blood to function properly. If the
supply of blood is restricted or stopped, brain cells
begin to die. This can lead to brain injury, disability and
possibly death.
• There are two main causes of strokes:
• ischaemic – where the blood supply is stopped due to a
blood clot (this accounts for 85% of all cases)
• haemorrhagic – where a weakened blood vessel
supplying the brain bursts
FRANCISCO JOSE BRASERO ORTEGA - BAND
6 STROKE NURSE
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6. haemorrhagic STROKE
FRANCISCO JOSE BRASERO ORTEGA - BAND
6 STROKE NURSE
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7. ischaemic STROKE
FRANCISCO JOSE BRASERO ORTEGA -
BAND 6 STROKE NURSE
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8. ICTUS -- IMNOVACIONES
• ACTUACION FAST
• FACE
• ARM
• SPEECH
• TIME
FRANCISCO JOSE BRASERO ORTEGA - BAND
6 STROKE NURSE
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9. FAST
• The main symptoms of stroke can be remembered with the
word FAST: Face-Arms-Speech-Time.
• Face – the face may have dropped on one side, the person
may not be able to smile or their mouth or eye may have
dropped.
• Arms – the person with suspected stroke may not be able
to lift both arms and keep them there because of arm
weakness or numbness in one arm.
• Speech – their speech may be slurred or garbled, or the
person may not be able to talk at all despite appearing to
be awake.
• Time – it is time to dial 999 immediately if you see any of
these signs or symptoms.
FRANCISCO JOSE BRASERO ORTEGA - BAND
6 STROKE NURSE
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10. FAST
FRANCISCO JOSE BRASERO ORTEGA - BAND
6 STROKE NURSE
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11. STROKE WARD
• Service description
• We provide expert specialist critical assessment, rapid
imaging and the ability to deliver intravenous thrombolysis
24/7. The service is provided within a dedicated area on the
stroke unit (West Raynham Ward).
• Our patients benefit from:
• Being seen and assessed by a member of the specialist
stroke team within 30 minutes of arrival
• Early multidisciplinary assessment
• Being assessed and managed by stroke nursing staff and at
least one member of the specialist rehabilitation team
within 24 hours of admission to hospital
• Daily Consultant lead ward rounds 7 days per week
FRANCISCO JOSE BRASERO ORTEGA - BAND
6 STROKE NURSE
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12. STROKE RISK SCORECARD
FRANCISCO JOSE BRASERO ORTEGA - BAND
6 STROKE NURSE
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13. TIA – MINI STROKE
• What is a TIA (mini-stroke)?
• Transient ischaemic attack (TIA) is also called
'mini-stroke'. It is similar to a stroke and has
the same signs, but gets better within 24
hours. However, it could be a warning sign of a
more serious stroke and it is vital that it gets
the same F.A.S.T. action by calling 999.
FRANCISCO JOSE BRASERO ORTEGA - BAND
6 STROKE NURSE
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14. ACT FAST
• Why you must Act F.A.S.T.
• A stroke is a medical emergency that requires
immediate medical attention. So recognising the
signs of stroke and calling 999 for an ambulance
is crucial. The sooner somebody who is having a
stroke gets urgent medical attention, the better
their chances of a good recovery.
• Rapid diagnosis of TIA (mini-stroke) allows urgent
steps to be taken to reduce the risk of having a
stroke.
FRANCISCO JOSE BRASERO ORTEGA - BAND
6 STROKE NURSE
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15. ACT FAST- RISK FACTORS
• Reducing your risk
• Some people are more at risk of having a stroke if
they also have certain other medical conditions.
These include:
• High blood pressure
• High cholesterol
• Atrial fibrillation (an irregular heartbeat)
• Diabetes
• It is important that these conditions are carefully
monitored and treated.
FRANCISCO JOSE BRASERO ORTEGA - BAND
6 STROKE NURSE
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16. ACT FAST – RISK FACTORS
• There are also lifestyle factors that may increase the
risk of having a stroke. They include:
• Smoking
• Being overweight
• Lack of exercise
• Poor diet
• Exceeding the recommended daily alcohol limit.
The NHS recommends women should not regularly drink
more than 2-3 units a day and men should not regularly
drink more than 3-4 units a day.
FRANCISCO JOSE BRASERO ORTEGA - BAND
6 STROKE NURSE
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17. 1- what is a stroke ?
• What is a stroke?
• A stroke is a brain attack. It happens when the
blood supply to part of your brain is cut off.
Find out more about the different types of
stroke and why they happen.
FRANCISCO JOSE BRASERO ORTEGA - BAND
6 STROKE NURSE
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18. 2 -What happens when you have had a
stroke?
• What happens when you have had a stroke?
• Can you recognise the symptoms of stroke?
Find out what they are and what you need to
do if you see them.
FRANCISCO JOSE BRASERO ORTEGA - BAND
6 STROKE NURSE
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19. STROKE !!
FRANCISCO JOSE BRASERO ORTEGA - BAND
6 STROKE NURSE
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20. 3 - Are you at risk of stroke?
• Are you at risk of stroke?
• Anyone can have a stroke, but some people
are more at risk than others.
• Find out what could be putting you at risk.
FRANCISCO JOSE BRASERO ORTEGA - BAND
6 STROKE NURSE
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21. 4 -Reduce your risk of stroke
• Reduce your risk of stroke
• Most strokes can be prevented. By making
simple changes to your lifestyle you can
reduce your risk of stroke.
• Find out what you can do.
FRANCISCO JOSE BRASERO ORTEGA - BAND
6 STROKE NURSE
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22. 5 - What can I do to reduce my risk?
• What can I do to reduce my risk?
• Most strokes can be prevented. Although you cannot change some
of the things that increase your risk of stroke, like your age, there
are others that you can change.
• There are six simple things you can do to reduce your risk:
• Manage your medical conditions
• Stop smoking
• Drink less alcohol
• Stay a healthy weight
• Do more exercise
• Eat a healthy diet
FRANCISCO JOSE BRASERO ORTEGA - BAND
6 STROKE NURSE
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23. 6- What problems do people have
after a stroke?
• What problems do people have after a stroke?
• All strokes are different so for some people
the effects may be relatively minor and may
not last long, while others may be left with
more serious long term problems.
FRANCISCO JOSE BRASERO ORTEGA - BAND
6 STROKE NURSE
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24. What problems do people have after a
stroke?
FRANCISCO JOSE BRASERO ORTEGA - BAND
6 STROKE NURSE
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25. 7 -A stroke can affect the way your
body functions
• A stroke can affect the way your body functions
• Although all strokes are different, there are some common physical
problems that many people experience:
• problems with movement and balance: many people experience
muscle weakness or paralysis after a stroke, which can affect your
mobility and balance. This usually happens on one side of your
body and can also cause a lot of pain and discomfort.
• problems with your vision
• problems with swallowing
• problems controlling your bladder and bowels
• excessive tiredness.
FRANCISCO JOSE BRASERO ORTEGA - BAND
6 STROKE NURSE
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26. 8-other effects that you can’t see
• But there are other effects that you can’t see
• Some of the ‘hidden’ effects of stroke include:
• problems with communication: many people have
difficulty with speech and language after their stroke. A
common communication problems, which affects
around one third of stroke survivors, is aphasia. People
with aphasia find it difficult to speak and understand
what other people are saying to them, as well as
reading and writing.
FRANCISCO JOSE BRASERO ORTEGA - BAND
6 STROKE NURSE
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27. other effects that you can’t see
• problems with memory and thinking: it’s very
common to find that their short-term memory
and concentration is affected by stroke, but it
can also affect other thinking processes as
well, such as problem-solving, planning and
finding your way around.
FRANCISCO JOSE BRASERO ORTEGA - BAND
6 STROKE NURSE
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28. other effects that you can’t see
• changes to your emotions: a stroke has an
emotional impact, which can lead to problems
like depression and anxiety. It can also make it
more difficult to control your emotions.
• changes to your behaviour.
FRANCISCO JOSE BRASERO ORTEGA - BAND
6 STROKE NURSE
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29. 9- IF I,VE A STROKE
• I've had a stroke
• A stroke is not something you prepare for. So
you’re going to have a lot of questions when it
happens. That’s why we’re here. We have lots of
information to help you understand what’s
happened and get the support you need.
• Here we’ve tackled some of the questions that
you're likely to have, including details of how to
find out more.
FRANCISCO JOSE BRASERO ORTEGA - BAND
6 STROKE NURSE
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30. IF I,VE A STROKE
• What’s happened?
• Because a stroke happens so quickly, often
people leave hospital without being
completely sure what’s happened or why. But
it’s important that you are. You need to
understand what a stroke is and the things
that can make it more likely to happen, so that
you can do all you can to reduce the risk of it
happening again.
FRANCISCO JOSE BRASERO ORTEGA - BAND
6 STROKE NURSE
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31. IF I,VE A STROKE
• Will I get better?
• Because every stroke is different, there is no set pattern for recovering from one.
So it can be difficult to say how well or how quickly you’ll recover.
• It’s likely that you’ll see some immediate recovery in the first few days and weeks
after your stroke. After this early burst of recovery, progress tends to slow down.
This is normal and doesn’t mean that you won’t recover any further.
• Getting better will involve rehabilitation, which is about overcoming and adapting
to the effects of your stroke. Your therapists will give you exercises and advice to
help your relearn abilities you have lost and how you new ways of doing things.
Starting your rehabilitation as soon as possible after your stroke will help to avoid
further problems from developing and give you the best chances for recovery.
FRANCISCO JOSE BRASERO ORTEGA - BAND
6 STROKE NURSE
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32. IF I,VE A STROKE
• Will I have another stroke?
• For many stroke survivors, their greatest fear is
having another stroke.
• Once you’ve had a stroke your risk of having
another is increased, but understanding what
factors may have caused your stroke will help you
know how to reduce your risk of having another
one. If you’re not clear, go back to your doctor
and ask.
FRANCISCO JOSE BRASERO ORTEGA - BAND
6 STROKE NURSE
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33. END OF PART ONE - THANKS
FRANCISCO JOSE BRASERO ORTEGA - BAND
6 STROKE NURSE
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