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80Days: Melding Adaptive Educational Technology
           and Adaptive, Interactive (Digital) Storytelling
           in Digital Educational Games



Dr. Stefan Göbel                                              Dr. Michael D. Kickmeier-Rust
Digital Storytelling                                               Prof. Dr. Dietrich Albert

www.zgdv.de/distel                       ?                         Dept. of Psychology
stefan.goebel@zgdv.de                                              University of Graz
+49(0)6151.155.632


                              Dr. Stefan Göbel – ZGDV
                          STEG’08, Maastricht, Sept. 16th, 2008
                                           (1)




 Structure

    Level 0: State-of-the Art Game-Based Learning, ELEKTRA

    Level 1: 80Days – Motivation, goals

    Level 2: Interactive Digital Storytelling,
             INSCAPE

    Level 3: 80Days – Status, results
             & challenges

    Discussion



                              Dr. Stefan Göbel – ZGDV
                          STEG’08, Maastricht, Sept. 16th, 2008
                                           (2)




                                                                                               1
LEVEL 01
                     Ready?
                      GO!



                           Dr. Stefan Göbel – ZGDV
                       STEG’08, Maastricht, Sept. 16th, 2008
                                        (3)




80Days – Motivation and goals

  80Days strives for the (re-)evolution of educational
  technology based on computer games.

  The long-term vision is to make learning as appealing as
  gaming, or in other words, to utilize a certain amount of
  time that is spent on gaming for learning.

  The European research project 80Days – inspired by Jules
  Verne‘s novel „Around the world in eighty days“ – aims at
  developing the necessary psycho-pedagogical and
  technological foundations for (also commercially)
  successful digital educational games (DEG‘s).

                           Dr. Stefan Göbel – ZGDV
                       STEG’08, Maastricht, Sept. 16th, 2008
                                        (4)




                                                               2
80Days – Motivation and goals

  ELEKTRA results (external perspective)
   – Profound theory, methods and concepts
   – Prototype DEG
  Possible improvements
   –   Evaluation/Benefit?
   –   Usability & user experience, economy
   –   Content creation, authoring?
   –   Interactive Storytelling, macro adaptivity?


  Idea: 80Days = Elektra‘ + Interactive
                 Digital Storytelling
                 (INSCAPE‘)

                                   Dr. Stefan Göbel – ZGDV
                               STEG’08, Maastricht, Sept. 16th, 2008
                                                (5)




                          GO!
                         Ready?
                        LEVEL 02


                                   Dr. Stefan Göbel – ZGDV
                               STEG’08, Maastricht, Sept. 16th, 2008
                                                (6)




                                                                       3
Interactive Digital Storytelling

  Example „Titanic“



  Story
   – True Story & fiction

  Characters

  Suspense, dramaturgy
   – Story model: 3 act model
   – Hollywood (Film) model

                                Dr. Stefan Göbel – ZGDV
                            STEG’08, Maastricht, Sept. 16th, 2008
                                             (7)




Interactive Digital Storytelling

  Idea
   – Stories as instrument for (interactive) transmission of content,
     knowledge and incidents (real and fictive)
   – Usage of digital, interactive media
  Goal
   – Fascinate/engage users
   – Support authors
  Issues
   – Cost-benefit ratio: Content, Content Production, Benefit ?
   – Evaluation (User Experience)     better learning ?


                                Dr. Stefan Göbel – ZGDV
                            STEG’08, Maastricht, Sept. 16th, 2008
                                             (8)




                                                                        4
GEIST (engl.: ghost)

  Explorative
  learning experience
  Interactive Digital
  Storytelling
   – „Propp model“

  Technology
   – VR/AR
   – GEO/GIS/LBS

  Content
   – Multimedia-DB
     (30 years war)


                            Dr. Stefan Göbel – ZGDV
                        STEG’08, Maastricht, Sept. 16th, 2008
                                         (9)




Geist




                            Dr. Stefan Göbel – ZGDV
                        STEG’08, Maastricht, Sept. 16th, 2008
                                        (10)




                                                                5
art-E-fact




                           Dr. Stefan Göbel – ZGDV
                       STEG’08, Maastricht, Sept. 16th, 2008
                                       (11)




INSCAPE (EU, FP6, IP)

  Interactive Storytelling for Creative People
   – Simulation & Training, Edutainment, Animation & Cartoons
   – iTV, Business & Marketing, Life Performance

  14 partners: Research, Technlogy Provider & End-Users

  Authoring Tool & run-time system

  www.inscapers.com




                           Dr. Stefan Göbel – ZGDV
                       STEG’08, Maastricht, Sept. 16th, 2008
                                       (12)




                                                                6
INSCAPE




                           Dr. Stefan Göbel – ZGDV
                       STEG’08, Maastricht, Sept. 16th, 2008
                                       (13)




INSCAPE – Data Integration

  Content Production                                                  INSCAPE

   – Flash, Photoshop, CS3,                      Mandatory plug-ins   Optional plug-ins
                                                                                          Advanced
     Blender, 3DS, Maya                                         Core
                                                                                          Creators


   – CMS, Archive




                           Dr. Stefan Göbel – ZGDV
                       STEG’08, Maastricht, Sept. 16th, 2008
                                       (14)




                                                                                                     7
Story Control, optimisation

  Story Pacing


  Strategies + Policies
  Story Engine
  User interaction
  Context
  „free scenes“


  Narrative Paradox


                              Dr. Stefan Göbel – ZGDV
                          STEG’08, Maastricht, Sept. 16th, 2008
                                          (15)




Descriptive Story Format

  ICML: INSCAPE ML
  Main elements
   –   ICML_Content
   –   ICML_Story
   –   ICML_Strategies
   –   ICML_Wiring

  XML based
   – standardisation ?
        Web3D (X3D)

       + gaming + learning model

                              Dr. Stefan Göbel – ZGDV
                          STEG’08, Maastricht, Sept. 16th, 2008
                                          (16)




                                                                  8
Ready?
                GO!
              LEVEL 03

                          Dr. Stefan Göbel – ZGDV
                      STEG’08, Maastricht, Sept. 16th, 2008
                                      (17)




80Days – Melding ELEKTRA + INSCAPE
                                                                      INSCAPE
                                                 Mandatory plug-ins   Optional plug-ins
                                                                                          Advanced
                                                                                          Creators
                                                                Core




   ELEKTRA: Focus on DEG                      INSCAPE: Focus on authoring + IS
                          Dr. Stefan Göbel – ZGDV
                      STEG’08, Maastricht, Sept. 16th, 2008
                                      (18)




                                                                                                     9
Challenges, first results and open issues

  Interfacing adaptive learning, storytelling and game engine
  Theory & Development
  High-level architecture
  Game Design
  Narrative paradox
  Intuitive authoring
  for non-programmers
  Cost reduction

                           Dr. Stefan Göbel – ZGDV
                       STEG’08, Maastricht, Sept. 16th, 2008
                                       (19)




80Days – Architecture, high level vs. Elektra

                                                               80Days




Elektra




                           Dr. Stefan Göbel – ZGDV
                       STEG’08, Maastricht, Sept. 16th, 2008
                                       (20)




                                                                        10
Game Design – Story Model

  Story Models discussed: Aristotele, Field, Propp, McKee ..
    Hero‘s Journey by J. Campbell/C. Vogler




                          Dr. Stefan Göbel – ZGDV
                      STEG’08, Maastricht, Sept. 16th, 2008
                                      (21)




Game Design – Story Model: Hero‘s Journey




                          Dr. Stefan Göbel – ZGDV
                      STEG’08, Maastricht, Sept. 16th, 2008
                                      (22)




                                                               11
Game Design – Story(board)




                                 Dr. Stefan Göbel – ZGDV
                             STEG’08, Maastricht, Sept. 16th, 2008
                                             (23)




Storytelling & Learning

  Melding Storytelling and
  Learning concepts

  Plot structures (story models)
   – Story Plot

  Knowledge spaces (CbKST)
   – Competency Space

  (automatic created) game paths?
   – Story Graph
   – Rules (Sea of patterns..)


                                 Dr. Stefan Göbel – ZGDV
                             STEG’08, Maastricht, Sept. 16th, 2008
                                             (24)




                                                                     12
Storytelling & Gaming – Narrative Paradox




                        Dr. Stefan Göbel – ZGDV
                    STEG’08, Maastricht, Sept. 16th, 2008
                                    (25)




            Insert Coin


                        Dr. Stefan Göbel – ZGDV
                    STEG’08, Maastricht, Sept. 16th, 2008
                                    (26)




                                                            13
Summary




                          Dr. Stefan Göbel – ZGDV
                      STEG’08, Maastricht, Sept. 16th, 2008
                                      (27)




Storytelling & Gaming

  „I‘m no prophet. But looking back over the past ten years,
   and delighting in the improvements in tools for content
   creation, I‘m confident tools will become ever more
   polished and accessible. And I dream conventions for
   game storytelling will evolve and mature… so we don‘t
   have to reinvent the wheel every time we get an idea for
   a game.“

                                                              Quelle: Ken Rolston,
   Authoring tools,                                           Big Huge Games,
 middleware,                                                  GCDC Questionaire 2007
 cost reduction..

                          Dr. Stefan Göbel – ZGDV
                      STEG’08, Maastricht, Sept. 16th, 2008
                                      (28)




                                                                                       14
References

  www.eightydays.eu (80Days project website, overview)
  www.inscapers.com (INSCAPE, final release available)
  www.zgdv.de (          dept. Digital Storytelling, projects)
  www.zgdv.de/GameDays (Science meets Business)

  Conferences: TIDSE, Virtual Storytelling, JICIDS
  – Int‘l Conference on Technologies in Interactive Digital Storytelling and
    Entertainment
  – www.zgdv.de/TIDSE06 (also TIDSE03, TIDSE04)
  – 2008 first JICICS in Erfurt, merging with Virtual Storytelling conference series
  – www.ai.fh-erfurt.de/TIDSE08


                                 Dr. Stefan Göbel – ZGDV
                             STEG’08, Maastricht, Sept. 16th, 2008
                                             (29)




                         GAME
                         OVER
                                 Dr. Stefan Göbel – ZGDV
                             STEG’08, Maastricht, Sept. 16th, 2008
                                             (30)




                                                                                       15

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Steg08 80 Days Sharenet

  • 1. 80Days: Melding Adaptive Educational Technology and Adaptive, Interactive (Digital) Storytelling in Digital Educational Games Dr. Stefan Göbel Dr. Michael D. Kickmeier-Rust Digital Storytelling Prof. Dr. Dietrich Albert www.zgdv.de/distel ? Dept. of Psychology stefan.goebel@zgdv.de University of Graz +49(0)6151.155.632 Dr. Stefan Göbel – ZGDV STEG’08, Maastricht, Sept. 16th, 2008 (1) Structure Level 0: State-of-the Art Game-Based Learning, ELEKTRA Level 1: 80Days – Motivation, goals Level 2: Interactive Digital Storytelling, INSCAPE Level 3: 80Days – Status, results & challenges Discussion Dr. Stefan Göbel – ZGDV STEG’08, Maastricht, Sept. 16th, 2008 (2) 1
  • 2. LEVEL 01 Ready? GO! Dr. Stefan Göbel – ZGDV STEG’08, Maastricht, Sept. 16th, 2008 (3) 80Days – Motivation and goals 80Days strives for the (re-)evolution of educational technology based on computer games. The long-term vision is to make learning as appealing as gaming, or in other words, to utilize a certain amount of time that is spent on gaming for learning. The European research project 80Days – inspired by Jules Verne‘s novel „Around the world in eighty days“ – aims at developing the necessary psycho-pedagogical and technological foundations for (also commercially) successful digital educational games (DEG‘s). Dr. Stefan Göbel – ZGDV STEG’08, Maastricht, Sept. 16th, 2008 (4) 2
  • 3. 80Days – Motivation and goals ELEKTRA results (external perspective) – Profound theory, methods and concepts – Prototype DEG Possible improvements – Evaluation/Benefit? – Usability & user experience, economy – Content creation, authoring? – Interactive Storytelling, macro adaptivity? Idea: 80Days = Elektra‘ + Interactive Digital Storytelling (INSCAPE‘) Dr. Stefan Göbel – ZGDV STEG’08, Maastricht, Sept. 16th, 2008 (5) GO! Ready? LEVEL 02 Dr. Stefan Göbel – ZGDV STEG’08, Maastricht, Sept. 16th, 2008 (6) 3
  • 4. Interactive Digital Storytelling Example „Titanic“ Story – True Story & fiction Characters Suspense, dramaturgy – Story model: 3 act model – Hollywood (Film) model Dr. Stefan Göbel – ZGDV STEG’08, Maastricht, Sept. 16th, 2008 (7) Interactive Digital Storytelling Idea – Stories as instrument for (interactive) transmission of content, knowledge and incidents (real and fictive) – Usage of digital, interactive media Goal – Fascinate/engage users – Support authors Issues – Cost-benefit ratio: Content, Content Production, Benefit ? – Evaluation (User Experience) better learning ? Dr. Stefan Göbel – ZGDV STEG’08, Maastricht, Sept. 16th, 2008 (8) 4
  • 5. GEIST (engl.: ghost) Explorative learning experience Interactive Digital Storytelling – „Propp model“ Technology – VR/AR – GEO/GIS/LBS Content – Multimedia-DB (30 years war) Dr. Stefan Göbel – ZGDV STEG’08, Maastricht, Sept. 16th, 2008 (9) Geist Dr. Stefan Göbel – ZGDV STEG’08, Maastricht, Sept. 16th, 2008 (10) 5
  • 6. art-E-fact Dr. Stefan Göbel – ZGDV STEG’08, Maastricht, Sept. 16th, 2008 (11) INSCAPE (EU, FP6, IP) Interactive Storytelling for Creative People – Simulation & Training, Edutainment, Animation & Cartoons – iTV, Business & Marketing, Life Performance 14 partners: Research, Technlogy Provider & End-Users Authoring Tool & run-time system www.inscapers.com Dr. Stefan Göbel – ZGDV STEG’08, Maastricht, Sept. 16th, 2008 (12) 6
  • 7. INSCAPE Dr. Stefan Göbel – ZGDV STEG’08, Maastricht, Sept. 16th, 2008 (13) INSCAPE – Data Integration Content Production INSCAPE – Flash, Photoshop, CS3, Mandatory plug-ins Optional plug-ins Advanced Blender, 3DS, Maya Core Creators – CMS, Archive Dr. Stefan Göbel – ZGDV STEG’08, Maastricht, Sept. 16th, 2008 (14) 7
  • 8. Story Control, optimisation Story Pacing Strategies + Policies Story Engine User interaction Context „free scenes“ Narrative Paradox Dr. Stefan Göbel – ZGDV STEG’08, Maastricht, Sept. 16th, 2008 (15) Descriptive Story Format ICML: INSCAPE ML Main elements – ICML_Content – ICML_Story – ICML_Strategies – ICML_Wiring XML based – standardisation ? Web3D (X3D) + gaming + learning model Dr. Stefan Göbel – ZGDV STEG’08, Maastricht, Sept. 16th, 2008 (16) 8
  • 9. Ready? GO! LEVEL 03 Dr. Stefan Göbel – ZGDV STEG’08, Maastricht, Sept. 16th, 2008 (17) 80Days – Melding ELEKTRA + INSCAPE INSCAPE Mandatory plug-ins Optional plug-ins Advanced Creators Core ELEKTRA: Focus on DEG INSCAPE: Focus on authoring + IS Dr. Stefan Göbel – ZGDV STEG’08, Maastricht, Sept. 16th, 2008 (18) 9
  • 10. Challenges, first results and open issues Interfacing adaptive learning, storytelling and game engine Theory & Development High-level architecture Game Design Narrative paradox Intuitive authoring for non-programmers Cost reduction Dr. Stefan Göbel – ZGDV STEG’08, Maastricht, Sept. 16th, 2008 (19) 80Days – Architecture, high level vs. Elektra 80Days Elektra Dr. Stefan Göbel – ZGDV STEG’08, Maastricht, Sept. 16th, 2008 (20) 10
  • 11. Game Design – Story Model Story Models discussed: Aristotele, Field, Propp, McKee .. Hero‘s Journey by J. Campbell/C. Vogler Dr. Stefan Göbel – ZGDV STEG’08, Maastricht, Sept. 16th, 2008 (21) Game Design – Story Model: Hero‘s Journey Dr. Stefan Göbel – ZGDV STEG’08, Maastricht, Sept. 16th, 2008 (22) 11
  • 12. Game Design – Story(board) Dr. Stefan Göbel – ZGDV STEG’08, Maastricht, Sept. 16th, 2008 (23) Storytelling & Learning Melding Storytelling and Learning concepts Plot structures (story models) – Story Plot Knowledge spaces (CbKST) – Competency Space (automatic created) game paths? – Story Graph – Rules (Sea of patterns..) Dr. Stefan Göbel – ZGDV STEG’08, Maastricht, Sept. 16th, 2008 (24) 12
  • 13. Storytelling & Gaming – Narrative Paradox Dr. Stefan Göbel – ZGDV STEG’08, Maastricht, Sept. 16th, 2008 (25) Insert Coin Dr. Stefan Göbel – ZGDV STEG’08, Maastricht, Sept. 16th, 2008 (26) 13
  • 14. Summary Dr. Stefan Göbel – ZGDV STEG’08, Maastricht, Sept. 16th, 2008 (27) Storytelling & Gaming „I‘m no prophet. But looking back over the past ten years, and delighting in the improvements in tools for content creation, I‘m confident tools will become ever more polished and accessible. And I dream conventions for game storytelling will evolve and mature… so we don‘t have to reinvent the wheel every time we get an idea for a game.“ Quelle: Ken Rolston, Authoring tools, Big Huge Games, middleware, GCDC Questionaire 2007 cost reduction.. Dr. Stefan Göbel – ZGDV STEG’08, Maastricht, Sept. 16th, 2008 (28) 14
  • 15. References www.eightydays.eu (80Days project website, overview) www.inscapers.com (INSCAPE, final release available) www.zgdv.de ( dept. Digital Storytelling, projects) www.zgdv.de/GameDays (Science meets Business) Conferences: TIDSE, Virtual Storytelling, JICIDS – Int‘l Conference on Technologies in Interactive Digital Storytelling and Entertainment – www.zgdv.de/TIDSE06 (also TIDSE03, TIDSE04) – 2008 first JICICS in Erfurt, merging with Virtual Storytelling conference series – www.ai.fh-erfurt.de/TIDSE08 Dr. Stefan Göbel – ZGDV STEG’08, Maastricht, Sept. 16th, 2008 (29) GAME OVER Dr. Stefan Göbel – ZGDV STEG’08, Maastricht, Sept. 16th, 2008 (30) 15