When designing structures in seismic zones, owners and engineers must decide between reinforced concrete or steel frames. Both materials can withstand earthquake forces if properly designed. Research and new concrete admixtures have improved concrete's strength and seismic capacity. For example, a Los Angeles condo tower used metakaolin to achieve 33% stronger seismic capacity than nearby buildings. While steel allows for large beams and columns, optimized concrete designs using less material can gain more usable space. Brick also poses challenges in earthquakes but can work if constructed with seismic panels that connect brick facades to moment frames. The choice depends on research, engineering, and efficient material use to maximize safety and profits.