The document provides an overview of static data members and static member functions in C++. It explains their characteristics, initialization process, and provides code examples demonstrating their usage. Key points include shared access among class objects and how static functions can only access other static members.

1. S.DHAKSHANAMOORTHY
S.SARAVANAN
M.VISHALVENKAT
N.DINESHKUMAR
K.R.SHAARUKESH

2. CONTENTS
Static Data Member
Static Member Function
Example - Program

3. STATIC DATA MEMBERS
• We can define class members static using static keyword.
• A static member variable has certain special characteristics:
i. Shared by all objects of the class.
ii. Initialized to zero when the first object is created.
iii. Initialized outside the class.

4. EXAMPLE
//Static Member
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
class Student {
public:
static int total;
Student() { total += 1; }
};
int Student::total = 0;
int main()
{
Student s1;
cout << "Number of students:" << s1.total << endl;
Student s2;
cout << "Number of students:" << s2.total << endl;
Student s3;
cout << "Number of students:" << s3.total << endl;
return 0;
}

5. OUTPUT

6. STATIC MEMBER FUNCTIONS
• A static function can access only other static
members.
• It is called using class name and scope resolution
operator.
class name :: function name;
• It can not use this pointer.

7. EXAMPLE
//Static Member
//Static Function
#include <iostream.h>
#include <conio.h>
class test
{
int code;
static int count;
public:
void set(void)
{
code=++count;
}
void show(void)
{
cout<<"Object number:"<<code<<endl;
}
static void showcount(void)
{
cout<<"Count:"<<count<<endl;
}
};

8. //Initializing Static Member
//Accessing Static Function
int test::count;
void main()
{
test t1,t2,t3;
clrscr();
t1.set();
test::showcount();
t2.set();
test::showcount();
t3.set();
test::showcount();
t1.show();
t2.show();
t3.show();
getch();
}

9. OUTPUT

10. EXAMPLE
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
class Box
{
private:
static int length;
static int breadth;
static int height;
public:
static void print()
{
cout << "The value of the length is: " << length << endl;
cout << "The value of the breadth is: " << breadth << endl;
cout << "The value of the height is: " << height << endl;
}
};
int Box :: length = 10;
int Box :: breadth = 20;
int Box :: height = 30;

11. int main()
{
Box b;
cout << "Static member function is called through Object name: n" <<
endl;
b.print();
cout << "nStatic member function is called through Class name: n" <<
endl;
Box::print();
return 0;
}

12. OUTPUT