St Valentine
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Saint Valentine lived in the third century in Rome as a bishop and Christian martyr. He broke the Roman emperor Claudius II's edict forbidding marriage for young men by secretly performing marriage ceremonies. For this, Valentine was imprisoned and sentenced to death. While imprisoned, he healed the jailer's daughter of blindness and fell in love with her. On February 14th, the day before his execution, he wrote her a letter signed "From your Valentine". He was beaten with clubs and beheaded for refusing to renounce Christianity. Since then, February 14th has been celebrated as St. Valentine's Day in honor of his courage and sacrifice.
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Saint Valentine is associated with the tradition of courtly love from the High Middle Ages. He was a Christian priest in the 3rd century who was executed on February 14th by the Roman emperor Claudius II for secretly performing marriages between soldiers. While imprisoned, he fell in love with the daughter of his prison keeper and wrote her a letter signed 'from your valentine'. Today, Saint Valentine is celebrated as a day of love and romance and originates from the pagan Roman festival of Lupercalia celebrated on February 15th.
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The document provides a detailed history of Valentine's Day origins, traditions, and modern celebrations. It traces the holiday back to ancient Roman fertility festivals in mid-February. When Christianity became dominant, the holiday was refocused around various Christian martyrs named Valentine. By the Middle Ages, Valentine's Day had become a day for exchanging love notes and gifts. Today it is a popular commercial holiday focused on expressions of affection.
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History of Christian Persecutions, New Testament Through Marcus Aurelius
History of Christian Persecutions, New Testament Through Marcus AureliusReflections on Morality, Philosophy, and History
The document discusses Marcus Aurelius and his relationship to Christianity. It references both ancient documents that portrayed Marcus Aurelius positively and questioned whether he was friend or foe to Christianity. It explores biographies of Marcus Aurelius and preceding emperors to gain insights into his reign and ordinary Roman life. The document encourages questions and discussion in the comments and lists sources to be discussed at the end.St Valentine's Day
St. Valentine's Day originated from both Christian and ancient Roman traditions. One legend says that St. Valentine defied the Roman emperor's decree banning marriage by continuing to perform marriages in secret, for which he was put to death. Another story suggests he was killed for attempting to help Christians escape Roman prisons. The origins of celebrating romance on February 14 may come from ancient Roman fertility festivals like Lupercalia, and in the Middle Ages it became associated with the beginning of birds' mating season. Today, Valentine's Day is celebrated in many Western countries as a day of romance.
Saint Elizabeth of Hungary
Elizabeth was born in Hungary in 1207 and married Louis, Landgrave of Thuringia in 1221. After Louis' death in 1227, she dedicated her life to charity, building a hospital and caring for the poor and sick. She died at the age of 24 and was canonized in 1235. Elizabeth performed miracles during her life and after her death, becoming an important saint in both the Catholic and Protestant faiths. Her relics are found in many places throughout Europe.
Karen Galbraith Valentine
Valentine's Day has origins in both Christian and Roman traditions. One legend describes St. Valentine as a priest in the 3rd century who secretly married couples despite an Emperor's ban. When discovered, Valentine was put to death. Another legend says Valentine fell in love with his jailor's daughter while imprisoned and wrote her a farewell letter signed "from your Valentine". The Christian church may have chosen mid-February for Valentine's feast day to replace the pagan Roman Lupercalia fertility festival held around the same time. Today, Valentine's Day is celebrated with the exchanging of gifts between loved ones in remembrance of St. Valentine.
Marlon m. estrada
This document provides brief biographies of several Catholic saints:
- Saint Lorenzo Ruiz, the first Filipino saint, who was killed for refusing to renounce his Catholic faith in 17th century Japan.
- Saint Pedro Calungsod, a Filipino martyr killed while doing missionary work in Guam in 1672.
- Saint Michael the Archangel, the patron saint of police and sickness celebrated on September 29th.
- Saint Patrick, the patron saint of Ireland who brought Christianity in the 5th century.
- Saint Valentine, a 3rd century Roman saint associated with courtly love and celebrated on February 14th.
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The Wesley brothers, John and Charles, were central figures of the 18th century Evangelical Revival in Britain. They grew up during the Industrial Revolution, a time of rapid social and economic change. Both brothers experienced spiritual crises and conversions that led them to preach the doctrine of justification by faith alone, sparking widespread evangelism across Britain and literally transforming society.
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The Catholic Church was the dominant institution in Europe during the Middle Ages and wielded significant political power. Bishops and other high-ranking clergy often sat on kings' councils and helped govern. Monasteries were run according to St. Benedict's rules, with monks and nuns taking vows of poverty, chastery, and obedience. Pilgrimages to holy sites were also an important part of religious life. The Crusades were a series of wars between 1095 and 1291 where Christians fought to regain the Holy Land from Muslim rule.
Church in middle ages
The Catholic Church was the dominant institution in Europe during the Middle Ages and wielded significant political power. Bishops and other high-ranking clergy often sat on royal councils and helped govern territories. Monasteries were run by strict rules and provided services to communities, while pilgrimages to holy sites were an important part of religious life. Knights formed an elite military class that fought for lords and kings in exchange for land and wealth, though some later paid to avoid military service. The Crusades were a series of wars launched by the Pope between Christians and Muslims over control of holy sites in Jerusalem, while the Inquisition was established to root out heresy.
Church in middle ages
The Catholic Church was the dominant institution in Europe during the Middle Ages and wielded significant political power. Bishops and other high-ranking clergy often sat on kings' councils and helped govern. Monasteries were run according to St. Benedict's rules, with monks and nuns taking vows of poverty, chastery, and obedience. Pilgrimages to holy sites were also an important part of religious life. The Crusades were a series of wars between Christians and Muslims over control of holy sites in Palestine. In response to heresy, the Inquisition was established in 1233 to investigate and punish those accused of holding beliefs contrary to Church doctrine.
Mennonite Martyrs and Catholic Saints
In the ongoing ecumenical dialogue between Mennonites and Catholics the Anabaptist martyrs of the 1500s play a major role. In an address to the 2008 Bridgefolk Conference at Saint John's Abbey in Collegeville MN Ivan Kauffman related the Catholic tradition of saints to the Mennonite tradition of martyrs.
Valentine's day
St. Valentine was a third century Roman priest who secretly married couples after the emperor banned marriage for young men, believing single men made better soldiers. Valentine was arrested and put to death for defying this decree. While the origins of Valentine's Day are obscure, it may have been established by the Christian church on February 14th to Christianize the ancient Roman pagan fertility festival of Lupercalia. By the Middle Ages, Valentine's Day had become a day for romance. The mass production of Valentine's Day cards in the 19th century helped popularize the holiday in America and other countries as a day for expressing love and affection.
6.3 - The Rise Of Christianity
The document summarizes the rise of Christianity from the life of Jesus to the legalization of Christianity under Emperor Constantine. It discusses how Jesus was executed, how Paul helped spread the faith, and factors that aided Christianity's growth. It describes early persecution by Romans who saw Christians as undermining authority by not worshipping Roman gods. Constantine ended persecution and legalized Christianity, establishing it as the official religion, though he also persecuted Jews and heretical sects.
Constantine and charlemagne
Constantine was the first Roman emperor to convert to Christianity and legalize the religion in the Roman Empire. He established a new capital in Constantinople and helped spread Christianity. Charlemagne became king of the Franks in 768 and expanded their territory, being crowned emperor by the pope in 800, which unified much of Western Europe under his rule and launched a cultural revival.
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Saint valentine's Day. The origin of this festivity.
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St Valentine
- 2. Basic information about him Saint Valentine is also known as Valentine from Rome and Valentine from Terni. He lived in the second and the third century in Rome. He was a bishop and a Christian martyr Saint Valentine is worshiped by the followers of Catholic and Syrian church.
- 3. Saint Valentine's life He's mentioned in 'Roman Martyrology' twice, as a Roman priest and a person who was cut while persecution of Christians. He was a doctor but also a priest living mainly in the third century in the Roman Empire ruled by Claudius the Second. This caesar forbade young men in age between 18 and 37 to get married, because he thought that the best soldiers are those men who haven't got a family. Valentine, who was a bishop, broke this prohibition and blessed their marriages and because of that he was thrown into the prison, where he fell in love with his watchman's daughter. According to the legend, his fiancee was blind and under the influence of the love, she recovered sight. When caesar found out about it, he told to kill Valentine.
- 4. How he died During Christians' persecution, he stood by the people sentenced to death with st. Marius. He was told to deny believing in Jesus, but st. Valentine didn't want to, so in order to convince him to deny his faith, Claudius the Second told to use sticks. St. Valentine was killed the 14th of February. The previous day, he wrote a letter to his beloved and signed it: ,,From your Valentine”.
- 5. Patronage According to many legends and stories he's known as a defender against serious illnesses, especially mental diseases and epilepsy. In the USA, Great Britain and nowadays also in Poland he's a patron of people fallen in love.
- 6. Iconography In iconography st. Valentine is presented mainly in a priest's costume with a chalice in his left hand or in a bishop's costume with a sword in his right hand during healing a boy who is ill with epilepsy.
- 7. Iconography In iconography st. Valentine is presented mainly in a priest's costume with a chalice in his left hand or in a bishop's costume with a sword in his right hand during healing a boy who is ill with epilepsy.
- 8. The end