This document provides an introduction to object-oriented programming (OOP) concepts in Java, including encapsulation, inheritance, polymorphism, and abstraction. It discusses each concept in detail with examples in Java code. It also covers the different types of inheritance in Java such as single, multiple, multilevel, and hybrid inheritance. The document explains that while multiple inheritance is not directly supported in Java, it can be achieved using interfaces. Overall, the document serves as a guide to learning OOP concepts and their implementation in Java.
In this core java training session, you will learn Handling Strings in Java. Topics covered in this session are:
• Memory Allocation & Garbage Collection
• Strings in Java
For more information about this course visit on this link: https://www.mindsmapped.com/courses/software-development/learn-java-fundamentals-hands-on-training-on-core-java-concepts/
In this you learn about
--Constructors in Java
--Types of Constructors
1. Default Constructor
2. Parameterized Constructor
Difference between Constructor and Method
Variables are used to store and reuse information in programs. They contain a symbolic name and a value. Common variable types include strings for text, integers for whole numbers, and doubles for decimal numbers. Java requires variables to be declared with a specific type to avoid errors. Examples demonstrate creating and using different variable types, performing math operations on variables, and concatenating variables into strings for printing.
This document provides an introduction to object-oriented programming (OOP) concepts in Java, including encapsulation, inheritance, polymorphism, and abstraction. It discusses each concept in detail with examples in Java code. It also covers the different types of inheritance in Java such as single, multiple, multilevel, and hybrid inheritance. The document explains that while multiple inheritance is not directly supported in Java, it can be achieved using interfaces. Overall, the document serves as a guide to learning OOP concepts and their implementation in Java.
In this core java training session, you will learn Handling Strings in Java. Topics covered in this session are:
• Memory Allocation & Garbage Collection
• Strings in Java
For more information about this course visit on this link: https://www.mindsmapped.com/courses/software-development/learn-java-fundamentals-hands-on-training-on-core-java-concepts/
In this you learn about
--Constructors in Java
--Types of Constructors
1. Default Constructor
2. Parameterized Constructor
Difference between Constructor and Method
Variables are used to store and reuse information in programs. They contain a symbolic name and a value. Common variable types include strings for text, integers for whole numbers, and doubles for decimal numbers. Java requires variables to be declared with a specific type to avoid errors. Examples demonstrate creating and using different variable types, performing math operations on variables, and concatenating variables into strings for printing.
In this core java training session, you will learn Collections – Lists, Sets. Topics covered in this session are:
• List – ArrayList, LinkedList
• Set – HashSet, LinkedHashSet, TreeSet
For more information about this course visit on this link: https://www.mindsmapped.com/courses/software-development/learn-java-fundamentals-hands-on-training-on-core-java-concepts/
The Java Collection Framework provides interfaces and implementations for commonly used data structures like lists, sets, maps and queues. Some key interfaces include Collection, Set, List, Map and SortedSet. Common implementations are ArrayList, LinkedList, HashSet, TreeSet, HashMap and TreeMap. The framework also includes iterators for traversing collections and algorithms for sorting. Generic types were introduced in Java 5 for type-safe collections.
This document provides an overview of exception handling in Java. It defines what exceptions are, their purpose, and key concepts like try, catch, throw and finally blocks. It also lists some common built-in exceptions in Java like NullPointerException and ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException. The document explains exception control flow, nested exceptions, the exception class hierarchy with Exception and Error as subclasses of Throwable, and the differences between checked and unchecked exceptions. Contact information is provided to learn more about Java and related technologies.
O documento introduz os conceitos básicos de álgebra relacional, incluindo operações como seleção, projeção, união, interseção, diferença, produto cartesiano e junção natural. É definido o que são relações, tuplas e atributos e como essas operações manipulam esses elementos de dados relacionais.
the slide about Exception handling in java and the file and io handling in java .inbuilt java packages in for java exception.for beginner in programming
This document discusses Java file input/output and streams. It covers the core stream classes like InputStream, OutputStream, Reader and Writer and their subclasses. File and FileInputStream/FileOutputStream allow working with files and directories on the file system. The key abstraction is streams, which are linked to physical devices and provide a way to send and receive data through classes that perform input or output of bytes or characters.
JDBC provides a standard interface for connecting to and working with databases in Java applications. There are four main types of JDBC drivers: Type 1 drivers use ODBC to connect to databases but are only compatible with Windows. Type 2 drivers use native database client libraries but require the libraries to be installed. Type 3 drivers use a middleware layer to support multiple database types without native libraries. Type 4 drivers connect directly to databases using a pure Java implementation, providing cross-platform compatibility without additional layers.
Версия презентации по основам C++ с летней школы учителей информатики 2016 года.
Презентация расширена слайдами Незнанова А.А., изменён порядок материала, добавлены задачи.
This document provides an overview of Java generics through examples. It begins with simple examples demonstrating how generics can be used to define container classes (BoxPrinter) and pair classes (Pair). It discusses benefits like type safety and avoiding duplication. Further examples show generics with classes, methods, and limitations like erasure. Wildcard types are introduced as a way to overcome some limitations. Key points covered include generic methods, wildcards, raw types and warnings, limitations of wildcards, and issues with readability of generic code.
An inner class is a class declared within another class. There are several types of inner classes including local inner classes and anonymous inner classes. Local inner classes cannot be invoked from outside the method they are declared in and can only access final parameters of the enclosing block. Anonymous inner classes are used when a local class is only needed once and help make code more concise by allowing declaration and instantiation at the same time. The .this operator refers to the current instance of the enclosing class from within an inner class. The .new operator is used to create an object of the inner class type by specifying the enclosing class instance. Inner classes increase encapsulation and can lead to more readable code by placing related classes closer together.
Nested classes allow one class to be defined within another, enabling inner classes to access members of the outer class. There are several types of nested classes: inner classes that can be member, anonymous, or local; and static nested classes. Member inner classes can access outer class members and be invoked from within or outside the outer class. Anonymous inner classes have no name and are created from an abstract class or interface. Local inner classes exist only within a method. Static nested classes can access static members of the outer class but not instance members.
Java Swing is a GUI toolkit that is used to create window-based applications. It is built on top of AWT and provides more powerful and lightweight components like tables, lists, scroll panes etc. Swing components are platform-independent and follow the MVC architecture. Common Swing components include JButton, JTextField, JTextArea and common layouts include FlowLayout, BorderLayout, GridLayout etc. Menus in Swing can support keyboard navigation using mnemonics and shortcuts using accelerators.
This presentation is ideal for a beginner of Java or someone who wants to brush up their Java Knowledge. It's simple to understand and well organized in a way most of the area in core Java has been covered.
This slide about Object Orientated Programing contains Fundamental of OOP, Encapsulation, Inheritance Abstract Class, Association, Polymorphism, Interface, Exceptional Handling and many more OOP language basic thing.
The document discusses exception handling in Java. It defines exceptions as problems that disrupt normal program flow. Exceptions can be caused by invalid user input, file errors, or other issues. Java exceptions are categorized as checked, unchecked, or errors. Checked exceptions must be caught or declared, while unchecked exceptions and errors typically are not. The try-catch block allows catching and handling exceptions. The catch block contains code to handle exceptions thrown in the try block. Exception handling allows programs to continue running after exceptions rather than crashing.
- Java inner classes are classes declared within other classes or interfaces. They allow grouping of logically related classes and interfaces and can access all members of the outer class, including private ones.
- There are three main advantages of inner classes: they can access private members of the outer class, they make code more readable by grouping related classes, and they require less code.
- The two types of inner classes are non-static (inner) classes and static nested classes. Non-static classes can access outer class members like private variables while static classes cannot access non-static members only static ones.
- Examples demonstrate member inner classes, anonymous inner classes, local inner classes, and static nested classes in Java and how they can
Java uses streams to handle input/output operations. Streams provide a standardized way to read from and write to various sources and sinks like files, networks, and buffers. There are byte streams that handle input/output of bytes and character streams that handle characters. Common stream classes include FileInputStream, FileOutputStream, BufferedReader, and BufferedWriter which are used to read from and write to files and console. Streams can be chained together for complex I/O processing.
The Java Collections Framework provides classes and interfaces that help store and manipulate collections of objects. The main collection interfaces are List, Set, and Map. Lists allow duplicate elements and access by index. Common List implementations are ArrayList and LinkedList. Sets do not allow duplicates. Common Set implementations are HashSet, LinkedHashSet, and TreeSet. Maps store objects in key-value pairs and cannot have duplicate keys. Common Map implementations are HashMap, TreeMap, and LinkedHashMap.
In this core java training session, you will learn Collections – Lists, Sets. Topics covered in this session are:
• List – ArrayList, LinkedList
• Set – HashSet, LinkedHashSet, TreeSet
For more information about this course visit on this link: https://www.mindsmapped.com/courses/software-development/learn-java-fundamentals-hands-on-training-on-core-java-concepts/
The Java Collection Framework provides interfaces and implementations for commonly used data structures like lists, sets, maps and queues. Some key interfaces include Collection, Set, List, Map and SortedSet. Common implementations are ArrayList, LinkedList, HashSet, TreeSet, HashMap and TreeMap. The framework also includes iterators for traversing collections and algorithms for sorting. Generic types were introduced in Java 5 for type-safe collections.
This document provides an overview of exception handling in Java. It defines what exceptions are, their purpose, and key concepts like try, catch, throw and finally blocks. It also lists some common built-in exceptions in Java like NullPointerException and ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException. The document explains exception control flow, nested exceptions, the exception class hierarchy with Exception and Error as subclasses of Throwable, and the differences between checked and unchecked exceptions. Contact information is provided to learn more about Java and related technologies.
O documento introduz os conceitos básicos de álgebra relacional, incluindo operações como seleção, projeção, união, interseção, diferença, produto cartesiano e junção natural. É definido o que são relações, tuplas e atributos e como essas operações manipulam esses elementos de dados relacionais.
the slide about Exception handling in java and the file and io handling in java .inbuilt java packages in for java exception.for beginner in programming
This document discusses Java file input/output and streams. It covers the core stream classes like InputStream, OutputStream, Reader and Writer and their subclasses. File and FileInputStream/FileOutputStream allow working with files and directories on the file system. The key abstraction is streams, which are linked to physical devices and provide a way to send and receive data through classes that perform input or output of bytes or characters.
JDBC provides a standard interface for connecting to and working with databases in Java applications. There are four main types of JDBC drivers: Type 1 drivers use ODBC to connect to databases but are only compatible with Windows. Type 2 drivers use native database client libraries but require the libraries to be installed. Type 3 drivers use a middleware layer to support multiple database types without native libraries. Type 4 drivers connect directly to databases using a pure Java implementation, providing cross-platform compatibility without additional layers.
Версия презентации по основам C++ с летней школы учителей информатики 2016 года.
Презентация расширена слайдами Незнанова А.А., изменён порядок материала, добавлены задачи.
This document provides an overview of Java generics through examples. It begins with simple examples demonstrating how generics can be used to define container classes (BoxPrinter) and pair classes (Pair). It discusses benefits like type safety and avoiding duplication. Further examples show generics with classes, methods, and limitations like erasure. Wildcard types are introduced as a way to overcome some limitations. Key points covered include generic methods, wildcards, raw types and warnings, limitations of wildcards, and issues with readability of generic code.
An inner class is a class declared within another class. There are several types of inner classes including local inner classes and anonymous inner classes. Local inner classes cannot be invoked from outside the method they are declared in and can only access final parameters of the enclosing block. Anonymous inner classes are used when a local class is only needed once and help make code more concise by allowing declaration and instantiation at the same time. The .this operator refers to the current instance of the enclosing class from within an inner class. The .new operator is used to create an object of the inner class type by specifying the enclosing class instance. Inner classes increase encapsulation and can lead to more readable code by placing related classes closer together.
Nested classes allow one class to be defined within another, enabling inner classes to access members of the outer class. There are several types of nested classes: inner classes that can be member, anonymous, or local; and static nested classes. Member inner classes can access outer class members and be invoked from within or outside the outer class. Anonymous inner classes have no name and are created from an abstract class or interface. Local inner classes exist only within a method. Static nested classes can access static members of the outer class but not instance members.
Java Swing is a GUI toolkit that is used to create window-based applications. It is built on top of AWT and provides more powerful and lightweight components like tables, lists, scroll panes etc. Swing components are platform-independent and follow the MVC architecture. Common Swing components include JButton, JTextField, JTextArea and common layouts include FlowLayout, BorderLayout, GridLayout etc. Menus in Swing can support keyboard navigation using mnemonics and shortcuts using accelerators.
This presentation is ideal for a beginner of Java or someone who wants to brush up their Java Knowledge. It's simple to understand and well organized in a way most of the area in core Java has been covered.
This slide about Object Orientated Programing contains Fundamental of OOP, Encapsulation, Inheritance Abstract Class, Association, Polymorphism, Interface, Exceptional Handling and many more OOP language basic thing.
The document discusses exception handling in Java. It defines exceptions as problems that disrupt normal program flow. Exceptions can be caused by invalid user input, file errors, or other issues. Java exceptions are categorized as checked, unchecked, or errors. Checked exceptions must be caught or declared, while unchecked exceptions and errors typically are not. The try-catch block allows catching and handling exceptions. The catch block contains code to handle exceptions thrown in the try block. Exception handling allows programs to continue running after exceptions rather than crashing.
- Java inner classes are classes declared within other classes or interfaces. They allow grouping of logically related classes and interfaces and can access all members of the outer class, including private ones.
- There are three main advantages of inner classes: they can access private members of the outer class, they make code more readable by grouping related classes, and they require less code.
- The two types of inner classes are non-static (inner) classes and static nested classes. Non-static classes can access outer class members like private variables while static classes cannot access non-static members only static ones.
- Examples demonstrate member inner classes, anonymous inner classes, local inner classes, and static nested classes in Java and how they can
Java uses streams to handle input/output operations. Streams provide a standardized way to read from and write to various sources and sinks like files, networks, and buffers. There are byte streams that handle input/output of bytes and character streams that handle characters. Common stream classes include FileInputStream, FileOutputStream, BufferedReader, and BufferedWriter which are used to read from and write to files and console. Streams can be chained together for complex I/O processing.
The Java Collections Framework provides classes and interfaces that help store and manipulate collections of objects. The main collection interfaces are List, Set, and Map. Lists allow duplicate elements and access by index. Common List implementations are ArrayList and LinkedList. Sets do not allow duplicates. Common Set implementations are HashSet, LinkedHashSet, and TreeSet. Maps store objects in key-value pairs and cannot have duplicate keys. Common Map implementations are HashMap, TreeMap, and LinkedHashMap.
An Introduction to JVM Internals and Garbage Collection in JavaAbhishek Asthana
This document provides an overview of Java memory structures and garbage collection. It discusses the key areas of memory used by the JVM - heap, method area, native area, and threads. It then covers garbage collection concepts like roots, algorithms like mark-sweep-compact, and different GC strategies like serial, parallel, concurrent mark-sweep, and Garbage First collector. Performance metrics for evaluating GC and how objects transition between generations in generational collection are also summarized.
2. Инкапсуляция
Инкапсуляция – это механизм,
связывающий вместе данные и код,
которыми он манипулирует, а так
же одновременно защищающий их
от произвольного доступа со
стороны другого кода, внешнего по
отношению к рассматриваемому.
4. Инкапсуляция (encapsulation) -
это механизм, который
объединяет данные и методы,
манипулирующий этими
данными, представляя
интерфейс доступа к данным и
скрывая реализацию.
Инкапсуляция
8. Основные цели инкапсуляции
Цель инкапсуляции — убрать
зависимость интерфейса
класса от его реализации.
Чтобы малейшее изменение в
классе не влекло за собой
изменение внешнего поведения
класса.
11. Цели инкапсуляции
Обеспечить безопасность
использования объектов класса,
сделав общедоступными только те
методы обработки информации,
которые не могут испортить
(привести к некоректному
значению) или удалить данные
объекта.
14. • private (закрытый)
• package-private (доступ по
умолчанию, когда модификатор
не указан)
• protected (защищённый)
• public (открытый)
Модификаторы доступа