1. Nested Class

2. What is Nested Class?
 Inner classes are class within Class.
 Inner class instance has special relationship with
Outer class. This special relationship gives inner class
access to member of outer class as if they are the
part of outer class.
 Additionally, it can access all the members of outer
class including private data members and methods.

3. Syntax of InnerClass
//outer class
class OuterClass {
//inner class
class InnerClass {
}
}
How to access Inner Class?
 Inner class can be accessed only through live
instance of outer class.

4. Example of InnerClass

5. Types of Nested class:
non-static nested class(inner class)
a)Member inner class
b)Anonymous inner class
c)Local inner class
static nested class

6. Member Inner Class
 A class that is declared inside a class but outside a
method is known as member inner class.
Invocation of Member Inner class
 From within the class
 From outside the class

7. Example of member inner class that is
invoked inside a class

8. Example of member inner class that is
invoked outside a class

9. Anonymous inner class
 A class that have no name is known as anonymous
inner class.
Anonymous class can be created by:
Class (may be abstract class also).
Interface

10. Example of anonymous inner class by
abstract class

11. Example of anonymous inner class by
interface

12. Local inner class
 A class that is created inside a method is known as local
inner class.
 If you want to invoke the methods of local inner class,
you must instantiate this class inside the method.
Rules for Local Inner class
 Local variable can't be private, public or protected.
 Local inner class cannot be invoked from outside the
method.
 Local inner class cannot access non-final local variable.

13. Example of local inner class

14. static nested class
 A static class that is created inside a class is known as
static nested class.
 It can access static data members of outer class
including private.
 static nested class cannot access non-static (instance)
data member or method.

15. Example of static nested class

16. Purpose of nested classes
Nested classes represent a special type of
relationship that is it can access all the members
(data members and methods) of outer class
including private.
Nested classes are used to develop more
readable and maintainable code because it
logically group classes and interfaces in one place
only.
Code Optimization: It requires less code to write.

17. Reference:
 http://www.studytonight.com/java/nested-
classes.php
 http://www.javatpoint.com/difference-between-
nested-classes-and-inner-classes
 http://www.javatpoint.com/annonymous-inner-class
 http://www.javatpoint.com/member-inner-class
 http://examples.javacodegeeks.com/core-
java/class/static-inner-class-example/

18. Thank You!!!