3. (3)
(1996 ckESpfcef@u trsKd;om; 'Drdkua&pDtzJG@csKyf jynfe,f
wdkif;pnf; awG jyefvnfzJG@pnf;pOfumv yxrqkH; pwif
zJG@pnf;EdkifwJh {&m0wDwdkif;u wdkif;pnf; awGudk ajym=um;
cJwhJ a':atmifqef;pk=unf&@J ordi;f 0if rde@f ce;f udk 2006 ckEpf
h
k
G
S
ZGev 19 &ufrm usa&mufwhJ a':atmifqef;pk=unf arG;ae@
f
S
txdrf;trSwftjzpf az:jytyfygw,f/
trsKd;om;'Drdkua&pDtzJG@csKyftzJG@0ifawGudk &nf
&G,ajymqdwhJ rde@f ce;f jzpfayr,fh tzJ@G csKyftzJ@G 0ifawGom ru
f
k
G
jrefrmEdkifiHom;wdkif; avhvmrSwfom;p&mawG yg0ifovdk
'Duae@acwftajctaetxdudk udkufnDaewJh rdef@ cGef;vnf;
jzpfjyD; pmzwfol&J@ Zmwdrmefudk vdyfjymE_d;ay;rSm vnf;
taotcsmyJ jzpfygw,f/ )
usrwd@k 'Drua&pD ta&;awmfykH puwnf;u
kd
{&m0wDwdkif; rSm csKyfcs,fr_ zdESdyfr_[m trsm;qHk; jzpf
w,fqdkwm trsm;odjyD;jzpfygw,f/usrudk,fwdkifvnf;
{&m0wDwi;f pnf;&H;k a&;c&D; xGucz;l ygw,f/ b,fh avmuf
kd
f hJ
{&m0wDwi;f rSm zdEyrawG&w,f/ csKyfcs,rawG &Sw,f
kd
dS f _
dS
f _
d
qdwm awG@c&w,f/
k
hJ
'DavmufzEyrawG csKyfcs,rawG &Sw=hJ um;u
d dS f _
f _
d
wnf;u 'Drua&pDta&;twGuf qufjyD;awmh aqmif
kd
&Guom;Ediw,f qdwm wdi;f twGuf *k%,p&m udpwck
f G kf
k
k
f l
P
jzpfygw,f/ usrwd@k tvkywck vkywtcgus&if usrwd@k
f
f hJ
ud,&@J tiftm;awG[m bmvJ/ ud,&@J tm;enfcsuawG
k hf
k hf
f
[m bmvJqwm'gukd rSereuefuef oH;k oyfEi&r,f/ {
kd
f S f
kd f
&m0wDwi;f [m 'Davmufxd &yfwnfEiw,fqwm tif
kd
kd f
kd
tm;wcktjzpf usrwd@k vufcw,f/bmjzpfv@kd vnf; qdk
H
awmh vlwi;f vlwi;f [m ud,uu,f *k%,EiwhJ udpP
kd
kd
k hf kd kd
f l kd f
awG&w,fqwmvnf; odEi&r,f/ ud,uu,f *k%r,l
dS
kd
kd f
k hf kd kd
f
Ediwol ud,uu,f ,H=k unfr_ r&SEib;l qd&ifawmh usr
k f hJ
k hf kd kd
d kd f
k
wd@k atmifjrifr&rSmr[kwb;l / 'Dawmh twdi;f twmwck
_
f
k
txd {&m0wDwi;f [m rdru,rrd *k%,EiwhJ wdi;f wck
kd
d kd f d
f l kd f
k
jzpfw,f/ud,&@J vky&yf vkycwhJ udpawG aqmif&ucsuf
k hf
f
f hJ
P
G f
awGtwGuf ud,uaejy;D awmh odum&S&e@J *k%,Eiw,f
k f
Q d dS
f l kd f
qd&if 'g wzufu todtrSwjf yK&r,f/ wzufuvnf;
k
usrwd@k xda&mufoifoavmuf rxda&mufb;l qdwm 'g
h
k
{&m0wDwi;f wifr[kwygb;l / usrwd@k jrefrmEdiiwEdiiH
fkd
f
kfH kf
vk;H &J@ 'Drua&pD v_y&m;r_yJ jzpfygw,f/ tJ'vkd xda&muf
kd
f S
D
oifoavmuf rxda&mufovJqv&&ifawmh cyfwwe@J
h
kd kd dS
kd dk
ajym&&ifawmh usrwd@k owWt&mrSm enf;aevd@k yv@kd ajym
d
J
&rSmjzpfygw,f/ wjcm;b,fvyajymajym aemufq;kH tae
kd J
eJ@ =unfv@kd &&ifawmh owWy/J usrwd@k c%c ar;ygw,f/
h dS
d
'DjrKd@e,fawGrm bmjzpfv@kd pnf;&H;k a&;u atmifjrifoiho
S
f
avmuf ratmifjrifovJq&if trsm;tm;jzifh wufvm
kd
wJtajzu a=umufv@kd qdwtajzyJ/ jynfovxu pdwf
h
k hJ
l l k
"gw&ygw,f/'gayr,fh a=umufw,f/ bmudk a=umufovJ/
f dS
usrwd@k xyfwvnf;vnf;ar;&ygw,f/ aemuf qH;k us
awmh usrwd@k a=umufz@kd &m 2 cky&w,f/ axmifus&rSm
J dS
a=umuf&r,f/ pD;yGm;a&; ysujf ym;&rSm a=umuf&r,f/
'DEpcyJ &Swmud;k / tm%mydiawGu 'Dvufeuf 2 cke@J yJ
S fk d
kf
usrwd@k ukd xde;f csKyfxm;wmjzpfw,f/
axmifcsr,f/ 'grr[kwf pD;yGm;a&;ysuatmif
S
f
vkyr,f/ tJ'D 2 ckukd usrwd@k r&ifqiEib;l vm;qdwm
f
kd f kd f
k
awmh 'g usrwd@k ar;&r,f/ bmjzpfv@kd r&ifqiEi&rSmvJ/
kd f kd f
tcktajctaet& usrwd@k EdiiwEdiiv;kH [m axmif
kfH kfH
csn;f yJ/ 'Daxmif=u;D xJuae axmifao;av;udk 0ifom;&
G
rSm bmjzpfv@kd a=umufaerSmvJv@kd usrwd@k jyefar;&ygr,f/
aemufjyD;awmh pD;yGm;a&;t& qd&ifvnf; usrwd@k wEdiiH
k
kf
vHk; pD;yGm;a&;t& ysufpD;aewmjzpfw,f/ wEdkifiHvHk;
pD;yGm;a&;t& ysup;D aerS ud,wOD;wnf; pD;yGm;a&; ysup;D
f
k f
f
rSmudk a=umufw,fqwm 'g t"dyg` vf vH;k vH;k r&Sb;l / 'gukd
kd
d
usrwd@k jynfovxk em;vnfatmifv@kd pnf;&H;k &r,f/
l l
usrwd@k tzJ@G csKyf&@J tck qufvufjyD; oGm;r,fh
vrf;[m =urf;w,fqwm usrwd@k xl;xl;axGaxG &Si;f jyae
kd
p&mrvdb;l / pxGuuwnf;u vrf;u =urf;w,f/ 'D =urf;
k
f
wJh vrf;eJ@ usrwd@k tckvkd av#mufcwm[m 8 ESpwiwif
hJ
f kd f kd
jzpfom;jyD/ 'D 8 ESp=f um;rSm vrf;ab;rSm uscwhJ &Jabmf &J
G
hJ
tcktajctaet& usrwd@k EdiiwEdiiv;kH [m axmif
kfH kfH
csn;f yJ/ 'Daxmif=u;D xJuae axmifao;av;udk 0ifom;&
G
rSm bmjzpfv@kd a=umufaerSmvJv@kd usrwd@k jyefar;&ygr,f/
4. (4)
'Drdkua&pD&&Sda&;twGuf
0ifvmw,f qdkvdk@&Sd&if
bmudkyJ&ifqdkif/&ifqdkif&
qufjyD;awmh vkyf&rSmyJ/ tJ'Dawmh
tJ'Dvdkvkyfzdk@udk oH"dXmef
csvdkuf=uyg/ pdwfydkif;csvdkuf=uygbufawGvnf; renf;bl;/ odum&S&dS uscoawGvnf; &Sd
Q d
hJ l
w,f/odumrhpmeJ@ uscoawGvnf;&Sw,f/ odum&S&e@J us
Q JG
hJ l
d
Q d dS
cJw,fqwm rdrw@kd &@J ,H=k unfcsut& toufukd paw;
h
kd
d
f
oGm;wJorsm;[m odum&S&e@J uscwoawGy/J odumrJpm
h l
Q d dS
hJ hJ l
Q hG
usw,fqwm ud,&@J ,H=k unfcsuukd ud,f r&yfwnfEif
kd
k hf
f
k
kd
wma=umifh usrwdk@udk pGef@cGmoGm;wJholawGy/J wcsKd@us
awmh rpGe@f cmoa,mifa,mife@J usrwd@k tay:rSm opPm
G
azgujf yD;awmh qufjyD; awmh aeae wJoawG&w,f/ tJ'D
h l
dS
olawGu ajymifajymifwif;wif;eJ@ z,fcmoGm;wJh olawG
G
xuf ydjk yD;awmh atmufwef;usw,fv@kd usrawmh 'DvyJ
kd
owfrww,f/ (vufcyorsm;)
S f
kf H
ud,&@J ,H=k unfcsut& ud,f owd&&e@J quf
k hf
f
k
W dS dS
jyD;awmh vkyfcsifw,fqdk&if/ tzJG@csKyf&J@ rlawGudk vuf
rcHEib;l qd&if tzJ@G csKyf&@J vky&yfawGt& rvkyEib;l
kd f
k
f
f kd f
qd&if tzJ@G csKyf&@J *k%&whJ emrnfuawmh qufjyD;awmh
k
f dS
kd
roH;k yge@J v@kd usr ajymcsiw,f/(vufcyorsm;)
f
k f H
usrwd@k tcktcsermqdv@kd &&if usrwd@k tzJ@G csKyf
d f S k dS
udk tm%mydkifrsm;u enf;trsKd;rsKd;eJ@ xdk;ESufaew,f/
tqd;k qH;k enf;uawmh Oya'udk tvJo;kH pm;wJh enf;yJ/ ae
G
&mwumrSm Oya' Oya' ta=umif;jycsue@J usrwd@k tzJ@G
f
csKyf tzJG@0ifawGudk zrf;qD;w,f/ usrwdk@ tzJG@csKyfudk
axmufcwoawGukd zrf;qD;w,f/ trsK;d rsK;d Oya' t
H hJ l
a=umif;jy ta&;,lw,f/ 'Dvta&;,lwtcgrmvnf;
kd
hJ
S
ajymifajymifwif;wif;eJ@ t&Sur&Sd ta&;,lwupawGy/J
f
hJ d P
usrwd@k NLD qdv@kd &&if =urf;cif;aps;u 7 ESpavmuf
k dS
f
jzpfaew,f/ bmyJvyvyf 7 ESpavmufjzpfaew,f/
k f k
f
tck usrwd@k &@J tdra&S@rm a[majymyJe@J ywfoufv@kd t&if
f S
G
ESpf 11 vydi;f u zrf;oGm;wJh uav;(3)a,mufqv@kd &&if
k
kd dS
bmrSvnf; vkywmr[kwb;l / 'D tdra&S@rm&SwhJ &Jom;udk
f
f
f S d
vnf; vufe@J awmif xdwmr[kwb;l / 'gawmifrm 3 ESpf
f
S
qdjk yD;awmh axmif'%fcsvuw,f/ tck 9 &ufae@u jzpf
kd f
wJh udpqv@kd &&if tm%mydif tzJ@G tpnf;rsm;u csxm;wJh
P kd dS
k
vH+k cHKa&;rsm;&S&@J om;eJ@ b,fourS vufe@J awmifrS rxdchJ
d
l kd
bl;/ vkywoawGukd vufe@J awmifrS rxdcwm usrwd@k
f hJ l
hJ
jrifc&w,f/ tJ'awmh usrwd@k Eiirm Oya' pd;k rd;k a&;qdk
hJ
D
kd f H S
wm vH;k vH;k r&Sb;l qdwm xif&m;ygw,f/
d
k
S
usrwd@k uxv@kd usrwd@k uvyv@kd emvd@k usr
kd d
kd k f
ajymwmr[kwygb;l / 'DEiirm Oya' pd;k rd;k a&; vH;k vH;k r&Sd
f
kd f H S
bl;qdwm tifrwefrm xif&m;wJh oufaoom"u jzpfv@kd
k
S
S
ajymwmjzpfygw,f/ tJ'awmh Oya' pd;k rd;k a&;r&dwhJ EdiiH
D
dS k f
[m b,fawmhrS wnfjidrwEiir[kwygb;l / &yf&mat;
f hJ kd f H
f
G
csr;f om,ma&;wd@k bmwd@k qwm tajymyJ&r,f/ Oya'udk
kd
dS
rSereuefuefroH;k wJtpd;k &[m &yf&mat;csr;f om,ma&;
fSf
h
G
udk b,fawmhrS aqmifEirm r[kwb;l / b,fawmhrS tJ'g
kd f S
f
awGukd jzpfajrmufatmif aqmifEirmr[kwb;l / 'D[m
kd f S
f
awG[m pum;yJ/
wu,fyJ 'DEiiukd wnf+irapcsiw,f wd;k wuf
kd f H
df
f
apcsiw,fq&if yxrOD;qH;k Oya' pd;k rd;k a&;&Satmif vkyf
f
kd
d
&r,f/ tJ'awmh avmavmq,f tck 9 &ufae@u jzpfwhJ
D
udpe@J ywfoufv@kd b,favmuf tm%mydirsm;[m w
P
kf
&m;r#r#ww rSereuefuef vkyw,frvkyb;l qdwm =unfh
fSf
f
f k
jcif;tm;jzifh 'DEiiukd wnf+idratmif vkyay;EdiwhJ pGr;f
kd f H
f
f kf
&nf e0wrSm &Sovm; r&Sb;l vm;qdwm usrwd@k qH;k jzwf
d
d
k
&rSmjzpfygw,f/ (vufcyorsm;)
kf H
'Dvupwckrm wurBmvH;k odaewJupwckrm
kd d P S
h dP S
rSereuefuefrvkyay;EdiwhJ tpd;k &[m b,fawmhrS usr
fSf
f kf
wd@k Ediiukd wnf+iratmif vkyay;EdiwhJ tpd;k & r[kwb;l
kfH
df
f kf
f
qdwm qH;k jzwfEiw,f/ (vufcyorsm;)
k
kd f
kf H
usrwd@k &@J paewe*FaEGa[majymyJawGukd ydwf
G
qd@k cw,f/ ydwq@kd whJ enf;awGuvnf; tifrwefrS odum
hJ
f
Q
5. (5)
rJwhJ enf;awGe@J ydwq@kd cw,f/ rydwq@kd cifrm tpd;k &&J@ o
h
f hJ
f
S
wif;pmawGxrm trsKd ;rsK;d usrwd@k &@J a[majymyJawGukd
J S
G
wducuwpmawGukd a&;cdi;f =uw,f/vrf;ydwq@kd w,f/
k f dk f hJ
k
f
,mOftoGm;tvm aES;oGm;w,f/ a[m-olw@kd vrd;ydwf
qd@k vuawmh ,mOfawGu aES;oGm;&Hwifrubl;/ vH;k vH;k udk
kd f
k
roGm;&awmhb;l / tJ'awmh tm%mydiawGu olw@kd vkyf
D
kf
csi&ifawmhwrsK;d ? trsK;d om;'Drua&pDtzJ@G csKyf vkycsi&if
f
kd
f f
awmh wrsK;d qdjk y;D awmh 'Dvjkd rifwmudu 'g Oya' pd;k rd;k a&;r
k
&Sb;l / Oya'atmufrm vlwi;f [m wef;wlnwjl zpf& r,f/
d
S
kd
D
usr c%c%ajymygw,f/ Oya'atmufrm vlwi;f [m
S
kd
wef;wlnw&rS usrwd@k b0awG[m vHjk cHKr_&rm jzpfyg
D l dS
dS S
w,f/udk,frSm;&if udk,fcH&r,f/ olrSm;&if ol cH&r,f/
'Dvtod&rom usrwd@k jynfovx[m jir;f jir;f csr;f csr;f
kd
dS S
l l k
d d
eJ@ aeEdirm jppfygw,f/
kf S
usrwd@k tzJ@G csKyf vkyief;awGukf trsK;d rsK;d aESmifh
f
,Sufaew,f/ aESmifh,SufwhJ=um;xJu vkyf&rSm jzpfyg
w,f/ rvkyv@kd rjzpfb;l / b,fvenf;eJ@ rqdk usrwd@k vkyf
f
kd
&rSmyJ/ tpuwnf;u trsK;d om;'Drua&pDtzJ@G csKyfxukd
kd
J
0ifvmwke;f u usrwd@k 'Drua&pD &&Sa&;twGuf 0ifvm
kd
d
w,fqjkd yD;awmh 0ifvm=uwJoawGy/J 'Drua&pD &&Sa&;
h l
kd
d
twGuf 0ifvmw,fqv@kd &&if bmudy&ifqif &ifqi&
kd dS
k J
kd
kd f
qufjyD;awmh vky&rSmyJ/ tJ'awmh tJ'vvyz@kd ukd oH"d
f
D
D kd k f
Xmef csvu=f uyg/ pdwyi;f csvu=f uyg (vufcyorsm;)
kd
f kd
kd
k f H
axmifxJudkawmh usr b,foludkrS r0ifaph
csib;l / axmifxa&mufom;w,fq&if tifrwefrS tvkyf
f
J
G
kd
ysuygw,f/ 'gayr,fh 0ifoif&ifawmh 0if&rSmyJ/'g rvJr
f
h
$
a&SmifomwJhudpPyJ/usrwdk@ acgif;aqmifawGxJuvnf;
axmifxuaejyD;awmh xGucoawGvnf; &Sw,f/ tck
J
f hJ l
d
avmavmq,fvnf; axmifxrm qufjy;D awmh &SaewJh
JS
d
olawGvnf; &S=d uwmyJ/ 'guawmh rvJom ra&SmifomwJh
$
udp/P
aemufjy;D awmh usrwd@k &@J tvky[m jynfol vl
f
xk =um;xJukd a&mufwtvkyjf zpf&ygr,f/ jynfovxe@J
hJ
l l k
tjrwrf;EG,aewJtvkyjf zpf&ygr,f/ jynfovxe@J trsK;d
J
f h
l l k
om;'Drua&pDtzJ@G csKyfw@kd tqufjywfatmif tm%mykif
kd
d
awGu trsK;d rsK;d vkyxm;w,f/ 'ga=umifr@kd pnf;&H;k a&; r
f
h
qif;&bl;/ 'ga=umifr@kd tpnf;ta0;rvky&bl; pojzifh t
h
f
rsK;d rsK;d uef@owfxm;w,f/ 'Dvkd uef@owfcsuawG[m w
f
u,fawmh w&m;r0ifygb;l / usrwd@k vkd w&m;0if Ediia&;
kfH
ygwwcktaeeJ@ vkyoifvyxuwupawG vkyyici&dS
D
f h k f kd f hJ d P
f kd f G hf
wJupawGukd uef@owfxm;w,fqwm w&m;r0ifb;l /
h d P
kd
tJ'awmh usrwd@k pdeac:&rSmyJ/ pdeac:zd@k tqifoifvyf
D
f
f
h k
&rSmyJ/ pdeac:vduv@kd &ifqi&r,fh tEW&m,f awGuvnf;
f
k f
kd f
kd
&ifqif zd@k usrwd@k tqifoif&&ygr,f/
kd
h dS
tzJ@G csKyfwck 'Dvkd Ediia&;ygwwckqwm[m
kfH
D
kd
wckv;kH u v_y&m;ae&ygr,f/ ta&S@uaecsn;f v_y&m;ae
f S
f S
vd@k rjzpfygb;l / vlwi;f u ajymvmygw,f/usrwd@k tzJ@G csKyf
kd
[m bmeJ@ wlaeovJqawmh acgi;f yJvyjf y;D avjzwfaewJh
dk
_
vle@J wlaejyv@kd a0zefvmygw,f/ tJ'va0zefw,fqwm
D
D kd
kd
trsm;=uD; &Sup&maumif;ygw,f/ usrwd@k acgi;f u b,f
f
avmufyJ v_yaev_yae ud,uvnf; v_yrS vlpOfrrmayg/h
f
f
k f
f
DS S
tJ'awmh acgi;f uaecsn;f tvkyvyaevd@k rjzpfygb;l /
D
f k f
tJ'awmh usrwd@k tzG@J csKyf0ifawGtm;vH;k [m
D
tvkyvyz@kd vdygw,f/ ud,twGuoyjf yD;awmh rpd;k &drf
f kf k
k hf
f d
aeyge@J / wOD;csi;f wOD;csi;f twGuf ud,twGuyJ pd;k &drjf yD;
k hf
f
awmh rvkyye@J ae&ifawmh aemufq;kH ud,yg ygom;rSm
f J
k f
G
ayg/h usrwd@k vyaewJvyief; ratmifjrif&ifawmh usrwd@k
kf h kf
wki;f jynfwjynfv;kH ysurmaemf/ 'DEiirm Oya'pd;k rk;d a&;
d
f S
kd f H S
r&Sb;l qd&if 'DEiiu Ediiol Ediiom;tm;vH;k [m wae@
d
k
kd f H k f H k f H
r[kwwae@ ysuq;D rSmyJ/ Oya'pd;k rd;k a&;r&SwEii[m w
f
f
d hJ kd f H
&m;r#wr_ r&SwhJ Ediiy/J w&m;r#wr_ r&SwEii[m vlpOf
d kfH
d hJ kd f H
rSrDS raeEdiwhJ Ediiy/J usrwd@k vle@J watmif aeEdirm r
D
kf kfH
l
kf S
[kwb;l / vle@J watmif raeEdiwhJ Ediirm ae&rSmawmh
f
l
kf kfH S
ae&usK;d vnf; reyfygb;l / tJ'a=umifr@kd owW&&e@J usrwd@k
D
h
d dS dS
&J@ vrf;pOf atmifjrifa&;twGuf vky=f uyg/
n$e=f um;csuf apmifjh yD;awmh vkywtvkyrsK;d
f hJ
f
udvnf; rvky=f uyge@J / usrwd@k n$e=f um;csuukd ay;oifh
k
f
oavmufay;r,f/ ay;Edioavmufay;r,f/ 'gayr,fh 'D
kf
vle@J watmif raeEdiwhJ
l
kf
Ediirm ae&rSawmh
kfH S
ae&usK;d vnf; reyfygb;l /
tJ'ga=umifr@kd owW&&e@J
h
d dS dS
usrwd@k &@J vrf;pOf
atmifjrifa&;twGuvy=f uyg/
f k
6. (6)
rdua&pD qduwnf;udu 'g jynfovx&@J tkycsKyfry/J
k
k
k
l l k
f _
atmufajcuaejyD;awmh ud,vyoifvyxuwmawG
k f k f h k f kd f
udk wm0efooe@J vky&&r,f/ vky&r,f/ atmufajcuae
d d
f J
f
jy;D awmh ud,vyoifvyxuwmawG udk wm0efooe@J
k f k f h k f kd f
d d
rvkyf&JyJeJ@ tay:ucdkif;rSvkyfr,fqdk&if A[dkOD;pD;pepfeJ@
bmrSruGmbl;/tJawmh bmjzpfv@kd rqvudk jzKwfcscvv@kd
hJ J
usru jyefar;&r,f/ (vufcyorsm;)
kf H
tJ'vkd tay:u cdi;f rS vkycsiw,fq&ifawmh
D
k
f f
kd
rqveJ@yJ qufjyD;awmhom;aerS ydjk yD;awmht"dyg` vf &SO;D
G
d
r,f/ usrwd@k u 'Drua&pD tzJ@G tpnf;/ tm;vH;k atmuf
kd
ajcuaejyD;awmh ud,wm0efukd ud,ooe@J vkyEior#
k hf
k f d d
f kd f
ud,f vkyom;&r,f/ usrwd@k tay:uvnf; ta&S@u
k
f G
acgi;f aqmifwoawGuvnf; usrwk@d wm0efukd usrwd@k
hJ l
odoe@J vkyEior# vkyom;r,f/ 'D=um;xJrmawmh t
d
f kd f
f G
S
quf tpyfuawmh &S&r,f/'D=um;xJrmawmh tquf t
d
S
pyf&z@kd bmta&;=u;D vJqawmh jynfe,fwi;f pnf;awGu
dS
kd
kd
tifrwefta&;=uD;w,f/ jynfe,fwdkif;pnf;rsm;qdkwm
A[de@J jrKd@e,frsm;=um;xJrm qufo,f ay;xm;wJh tzJ@G
k
S
G
tpnf;awGjzpfw,f/ 'ga=umifr@kd tck usrwd@k jynfe,f
h
wdi;f pnf;rsm;udk jyefvnfjy;D zJ@G pnf;ay;vduwmjzpfw,f/
k
k f
'Dvjkd yefjy;D awmh zJ@G pnf;wJae&mrSm t&ifwe;f u vla[mif;
h
k
awGvnf; ygw,f/ vlopfawGvnf;ygw,f/
vkywuiwae&mrSmwOD;eJ@wOD; oabmxm;
f hJ kd f hJ
rwlnwhJ olawGvnf;ygw,f/ 'gayr,fh oabmxm;rwlnD
D
w,fqwm 'g 'Drua&pD&@J tESpom&yJ/ oabmxm; wck
kd
kd
f
wnf;eJ@ vkywtzJ@G tpnf;qdwm 'g 'Drua&pDtzJ@G tpnf;
f hJ
k
kd
r[kwb;l /oabmxm;rwlnaomfvnf; nSEi;f Edi&r,f/
f
D
d d_ k f
nSEi;f jyD;awmh tajzwckay:atmif &SmEdi&r,f/ tJ'vkd
d d_
kf
D
nSEi;f jy;D awmh tajzwckay:atmif &SmEdirS 'Drua&pD rnf
d d_
k f kd
w,f/ 'ga=umifr@kd usrwd@k ukd e0wtaeeJ@ b,fvyJ ygwD
h
kd
pHk 'Drua&pDukd OD;wnfaew,fajymajym nSEi;f aqG;aEG;r_
kd
d d_
udk vufrcHao;&if olw@kd &@J pum;[m rwnfb;l vd@k yJ usr
wd@k ajym&rSmyJ/ (vufcyorsm;)
k f H
nSEi;f aqG;aEG;r_ukd vufrcHEiwtzJ@G tpnf; qdk
d d_
kd f hJ
wm 'Drua&pDukd vufrcHEiwtzJ@G tpnf;yJ/ 'Dawmh nSd
kd
kd f h J
E_i;f aqG;aEG;r_ukd b,fvqifajceJ@yjJ zpfjzpf y,fwhJ tzJ@G
d
kd
tpnf;qdwm 'Drua&pDukd y,fwtzJ@G tpnf;yJ/ nSEi;f
k
kd
hJ
d d_
aqG;aEG;r_ukd vufrcHoa&G@ e0w[m ygwpkH 'Drua&pD
D kd
vrf;pOfukd oGm;aewm r[kwb;l vd@k qH;k jzwf&rSmjzpfw,f/
f
(vufcyorsm;)
kf H
'Dtwdi;f yJ usrwd@k tzJ@G 0ifrsm;[m 'Dru a&pD
k
kd
oabmw&m;udk ,Hk=unfw,fqdkvdk@&Sd&if nSdE_dif;aqG;
aEG;r_e@J tcsi;f csi;f =um;rSm oabmrwlnwmawG&v@kd &dS
D
dS
&if 'gukd tajz&Sm&r,f/ tajz&SmEdi&r,f/ tJ'[mudk
kf
D
tajzr&SmEdiv@kd &&if 'g usrwd@k 'Drua&pDenf;usus rvkyf
k f dS
kd
Edib;l qdwmudk jywmyJ/
kf
k
tck jynfe,fwi;f pnf;awGukd usrwd@k ,m,D
kd
6 v qdjk yD;awmh jyefjyD;awmh zJ@G pnf;vduw,f/ tck jyef
k f
jyD;awmh zJ@G pnf;vduwhJ jynfe,fe@J wdi;f pnf;rsm;aygav/
k f
k
h
jynfe,fe@J wi;f tm;vH;k uawmhjyefjy;D awmh zJ@G pnf;vd@k rjy;D
kd
ao;ygbl;/ 'D ajcmufvtwGif;rSm b,favmuf xdxd
a&mufa&muf 'D pnf;opfawGu vkyEivnf;qdwm us
f kd f
k
rwd@k jyefjyD;awmh oH;k oyfrm jzpfygw,f/ tJ'D xda&mufr_
S
ay:rSm rlwnfjyD;awmh 6 v=umwJtcgus&if usrwd@k jyef
h
a&S@aqmifw,fqwm wdi;f yJjzpfjzpf jrKd @e,fyJ
kd
k
jzpfjzpf/ vklyk*~KdvfwOD;wa,mufyJjzpfjzpf a&S@
aqmifjyDqrjS zifh ud,[m wjcm;olawGxufyjkd yD;
kd
k f
awmh =uKd;pm;&r,f/ wjcm;olawGxufyjkd yD;awmh
pGef@v$wf&r,f/ wjcm;olawGxufydkjyD;awmh pGef@
pm;&r,f/ ud,&@J a&S@aqmifaeygw,fqwhJ tae
k hf
kd
txm;udk udk,fuaejyD;awmh oduQm&Sd&Sde@J xdef;
odrf;oGm;&r,f/
7. (7)
jyD;awmh oH;k oyfjyD;awmh ydjk yD;awmh uspvpfcirmwJh jynf
f kd f
e,fwi;f pnf;rsm;udk usrwd@k jyefjyD;awmh zJ@G rmjzpfygw,f/
kd
S
tJ'awmh 'D=um;xJrm tvkyvy=f uyg/ tvkyf
D
S
f k
vkyw,fqwm 'Drua&pDt& tvkyvyw,fqwm p
f
kd
kd
f k f
kd
um;ajymwmvnf; yg&ygw,f/ wcsK@d u pum;yJ ajymae
w,f tvkyrvkyb;l vm;vd@k ajymvd@k 'Drua&pD enf;usus
f f
kd
qdwm pum;vnf; ajym&w,f/ tvkyvnf; vky&w,f/
k
f
f
usr&Si;f jyzl;ygw,f/ ygvref/ ygvrefqwhJ pum;
D
D kd
vH;k [m pum;ajymw,fqwhJ pum;vH;k u vmwmyg/ pk
kd
aygi;f jy;D awmh pum;ajymqdwhJ tzJ@G tpnf;wcku ygvref
k
D
u jzpfvmwmyg/ tJ'awmh bmjzpfv@kd pum;ajym&vJ qdk
D
awmh usrwd@k pum;ajymjcif;tm;jzifh tajz&Smcsiv@kd y/J
f
jyoemawGukd ajz&Si;f csiv@kd y/J usrwd@k u jyoemudk cJe@J
f
aygujf y;D wkwe@J &ujf y;D aoewfe@J ypfjy;D ajz&Si;f csiwhJ vlpm;
f kd
f
rsK;d r[kwb;l / tJ'vkd ajz&Si;f wJenf;awGuvnf; usrwd@k
f
D
h
kd
vH;k vH;k tm;ray;Edib;l / 'ga=umifr@kd pum;ajymjyD;awmh
kf
h
jyoemawGukd ajz&Si;f &r,f/ 'gayr,fh pum;ajymjyD;awmh
jyoemawG ajz&Si;f jy;D awmh tajzwckay:&ifawmh 'Dtajz
t&awmh usrwd@k tvkyvy&r,f/ pum;ajym&He@J awmh
f k f
k
rjyD;ao;bl;/ pum;ajymw,fqwm bmvky&rvJqwm
kd
f
kd
udk tajz&Smzd@k yJ ajymwm/ tajz&jyDq&ifawmh usrwd@k
kd
tvkyvy&r,f/ usrwd@k trsK;d om;'Drua&pD tzJ@G csKyf
f k f
kd
[m wwdi;f jynfv;kH rS tvkyvyaewmyJ usrwd@k jrifcsif
k
f k f
w,f/ tck {&m0wDwi;f qdv@kd &&if jynfe,fwi;f pnf;awG
kd k dS
kd
jyefjyD; zJ@G jyD;wJtcg yxrqH;k pjyD;awmh pkpnf;wJwi;f jzpf
h
h kd
w,f/ yxrOD;qH;k pjyD;awmh v_y&m;Ediwwi;f jzpf&r,f/
f S k f hJ kd
tJ'vy&m;r_u=kd unfjh yD;awmh usrwd@k tzJ@G csKyf[m b,f
D _ f S
avmufxd xda&mufEiw,fqwm cef@re;f Edirm jzpfyg
kd f
kd
S kf S
w,f/ {&m0wDvkd cufcwae&mrSm v_y&m;Edir,fq&if
J hJ
f S kf
kd
wwdkif; jynfvHk;rSm v_yf&Sm;EdkifrSmjzpfygw,f/ 'ga=umifh
{&m0wD wdi;f [m a&S@aqmifwi;f tjzpf rdru,ukd rdrd
k
kd
d kd f
owfrwf xm;&r,f/
S
a&S@aqmifw,fqwm wdi;f yJjzpfjzpf jrKd @e,fyjJ zpf
kd
k
jzpf/ vky*K~ vf wOD;wa,mufyjJ zpfjzpf a&S@aqmifjyDqrjS zifh
lk d
kd
ud,[m wjcm;olawGxuf ydjk yD;awmh =uKd;pm;&r,f/ w
k f
jcm;olawGxuf ydjk yD;awmhpe@f vw&r,f/ wjcm;olawG
G $ f
xufyjkd yD;awmh pGe@f pm;&r,f/ ud,&@J a&S@aqmifaeygw,f
k hf
qdwtaetxm;udk ud,uaejy;D awmh odum&S&e@J xde;f
k hJ
k f
Q d dS
odr;f oGm;&r,f/
'Dvkd a&S@aqmif&wJwi;f rd@k v@kd igw@kd awmh emawmh
h kd
rSmyJv@kd pdw"gwusp&m r&Sygb;l / em&ifvnf; emayg/h cH
f f
d
vku&ayg/h cHEiw,fq=kd uyg/ (vufcyorsm;)
d f kH
kd f
kf H
cH&e@J awmhrjyD;bl;aemf/ cH&w,fqwm owWqkd
kH
J
kd
d
wm rSeygw,f/ 'gayr,fh vky&wowWvnf; usrwd@k &&
f
f J hJ d
dS
ygr,f/ cHae&He@J awmh r&bl;/ (vufcyorsm;) vkyvnf;
k
k f H
f
vky&r,f/ cHvnf; cH&r,f/ ud,vyv@kd ud,cw,fayg/h
f
k f k f
k fH
rvkyfyJeJ@ cHwmawmh cH&usKd;reyfbl;/ tJ'Dawmh yxr
vkyvu/f vkyjf yD;rScr,f/ (vufcyorsm;)
f dk
H
kf H
bmrSrvkyye@J cH&w,fqwmawmh t"dyg` vukd
fJ
kd
f
vH;k vH;k r&Sb;l / cH&wm owWqwm ud,vy&if ud,c&J
d
J
d kd
k f k f
k fH
w,fqwmudk jywm/ bmrS rvkyye@J cHaewmudk ajymwm
kd
fJ
r[kwygb;l / usrwd@k vnf; wu,fawmh vkyaewmyJ/ vkyf
f
f
aew,fqwm trsK;d rsK;d ayg/h a[majymyJG vkyw,fqwm
kd
f
kd
vnf; vkywmyJ/ 'Dvkd aqG;aEG;yJ vkyw,fqwmvnf; vkyf
f
f
kd
wmyJ/ 'Dawmh 'Drmwifrubl;/ 'D+cHxrmwifrubl;/ 'D
S
J S
&efuermwifrubl;/ 'Dyorrmwifrubl;/ 'D wki;f wwdi;f
kfS
k dfS
d
k
rSm wEdiiv;kH rSm wcsev;kH vkyae&r,f/ vkyv@kd c&r,f
kfH
d f
f
f H
qdk &ifvnf; cHayg/h wu,fh pnf;&H;k a&; tiftm;qdwm[m
k
uk,a&S@u b,fEpa,mufyygom;oGm; aemufuwuf
d hf
S f
J G
Edir,fh &JabmfawGvnf; &S&r,f/ 'g usr 1988 uwnf;
kf
d
u ajymcJwmyg/ usrwd@k pnf;&H;k a&; xGuwtcgus&if +rKd@
h
f hJ
e,fawGu tzJ@G 0ifta&twGuf b,favmuf&jyD/ b,f
ESpa,muf&ygjyD/ b,fEpaxmif&ygjyD/ b,fEpaomif; &
f
Sf
Sf
ygjy/D 'DvyJ ajymw,f/ usrajymygw,f/ 'D axmife@J aomif;
kd
eJ@ ajymaevd@k tvum;yJ/ axmif*%ef;yJ&&/dS aomif;
dS
*%ef;yJ&&? aomif;*%ef;yJ&&dS 'gawG[m t"du uswm
dS dS
dS
r[kwfygbl;/ 'DtzJG@0ifawGxJrSm wu,f xdxda&muf
a&muf vkyEiwol b,fEpa,muf&v/J ta&S@wef;u
f kd f hJ
S f
dS
8. (8)
ae ygom;vd@k &&if aemufwcg 'kw,vdi;f uae vduEif
G
dS
d k
k f kd
wJol b,fEpa,muf&v/J 'g[m t"duyJ/ usrwd@k pnf;
h
S f
dS
&H;k a&; vkywtcg ud,u vkywowW&ve;f vd@k cHom;&vd@k
f hJ
k f
f hJ d dS G
G
&S&if ud,aemufuaevnf; vkyr,foawG&atmifawmh
d
k hf
f h l dS
pn;f&;kH xm;&r,f/ aemufq;kH awmh usrwd@k &@J pnf;&H;k a&;[m
jynfovxk pnf;&H;k a&;yJ/ jynfovxk trsm;pkuaejyD;
l l
l l
awmh rm;rm;rwfrwfe@J tzJ@G csKyftaemufuaejyD;awmh
&yfwnfaer,fq&if usrwd@k vyief;[m rkcs atmifjrif&
kd
kf
r,f/
tck tus,fcsKyftm;jzifhawmh 46 oef;vkH;
aygav/ 46 oef;vH;k tus,csKyf csKyfcae&w,fv@kd 'DvyJ
h
f
H
kd
ajym&rSmyJ/ 'gayr,fh axmifawGxuawmh 46 oef;rajym
J kd
eJ@ 1 oef;awmifrS xnfEirm r[kwygb;l / axmifxukd
h kd f S
f
J
0if&w,fqwhJ vl 1 oef;/ axmifcs&ifcs vkyr,fqwJh
J
kd
f
kd
vl 1 oef;&Sr,fqv@kd &&ifawmif usrwd@k &@J v_y&m;r_[m
d
kd dS
f S
r=umcif atmifjrifrmyg/ tJ'awmh vl 1 oef; pnf;&H;k zd@k
S
D
[m 'Davmufcufovm;/ wu,fawmhusrwd@k tzJ@G csKyf
0if pm&if;xJrm 1 oef;xufru &Scygw,f/ 'D 1 oef;xuf
S
d hJ
ru &Swvpm&if;xJrm b,fEpa,mufu xdxa&muf
d hJ l
S
S f
d
a&muf wu,fyJ tepfemcHjyD;awmh vkyEiwmvnf;qdk
f kd f
wm 'gukd usrwd@k ar;cGe;f xkw&rSmjzpfygw,f/ 1 oef;
f
awmif rvdb;l / 1 aomif;qd&ifawmifrS renf;ygb;l / usr
k
k
wd@k tck tusO;f axmifawGxrm Ediia&;tusO;f orm;
J S kfH
rsm;[m 2000 avmuf &Sr,fv@kd cef@re;f &w,f/ wcsK@d u
d
S
vnf; 1 axmifausmf&Sdr,f/wcsKd@uvnf; 3 axmif
avmuf&r,fqawmh ysr;f r#jcif;tm;jzifh 2 axmifavmuf
dS
kd
&Sr,fqygawmh/ 'DEiia&;tusO;f orm;rsm;[m 2 axmif
d
kd
kd f H
avmuf&w,fqwmawmifrS usrwd@k &@J v_y&m;r_ukd w
dS
kd
f S
urBmvH;k u todtrSwjf yKvduEiwtajctaexd usr
k f kd f h J
wd@k vkyEicw,f/ Ediia&;tusO;f orm;rsm; 1 aomif;
f kd f hJ
kfH
axmuf &SEiwtajctaetxd ('guawmh axmifxrm
d kd f hJ
JS
ae&m&Swmr&Swm ajymwmr[kwb;l aemf) axmifcs&if
d
d
f
csqwhJ vl 1 aomif;avmuf&w,fq&ifawmh bmrSajym
kd
dS
kd
p&mrvdb;l / usrwd@k atmifjrif&rSm rkcsy/J jrefjrefjzpf&r,f/
k
taES;eJ@ tjrefawmh atmifjrifr,fv@kd usrwd@k ,H=k unf
w,f/ 'gayr,fh jrefwmawmh ydaumif;r,fxifw,f/ bm
k
jzpfv@kd vnf;qdawmh &SpEpqwmvnf; 'g enf;wJumv
k
f S f kd
h
wckr[kwygb;l / Edii&@J ordi;f eJ@pm&if 8 ESpqwm odyf
f
kfH
k
f kd
r=umbl;qdayr,fh vlwOD;wa,muf&@J oufwrf;eJ@ pm
k
vdur,fq&ifawmh 8 ESpqwm[m enf;wJumvr[kwf
k f
kd
f kd
h
ygb;l / 'D 8 ESpv;kH vH;k usrwd@k &ke;f uefc&wmawG tepfem
f
hJ
cHc&wmawG[m tepfemcH&usK;d eyfatmifv@kd usrwd@k xyf
hJ
jyD;awmh ydjk yD;awmh 0d&,xkwjf yD;awmh =uKd;pm; oGm;&rSm
d
jzpfygw,f/
usrwdk@ tzJG@csKyftaeeJ@ wwfEdkifor# Oya'
abmifxu vkycygw,f/ 'gayr,fh w&m;wJh Oya'eJ@ rw
J
f hJ
&m;wJh Oya'qdwmawmh&w,f/ usr wd@k a[majymyJrsm;
k
dS
G
udk wm;qD;wmrsK;d udawmh w&m;w,fv@kd usrwd@k vufrcH
k
bl;/ bmjzpfv@kd vnf;qdawmh w&m;a[myJvyw,fqwm
k
G kf
kd
EdkifiHa&;tzJG@tpnf;tm;vHk; vkyfydkifcGifh&SdwJhudpPwckjzpf
w,f/ }u@H ciz@HG +zK;d a&;tzJ@G vkd bmudk bmrSe;f vJrod Ediia&;
kd f
kfH
tzJ@G vvkd bmvdvkd tzJ@G awmifrS olw@kd nDvmcHawG a[m
kd
k
ajymyJawG vkyyici&w,fqv@kd &&if usrwd@k vkd jynfol
G
f kd f G hf dS
kd dS
vlxu axmufcr&whJ Ediia&;tzJ@G tpnf;wck[m bm
k
H _ dS k f H
jzpfv@kd rvkyEi&rSmvJ/ 'g usrwd@k vkyyici&w,f/ wwf
f kd f
f kd f G hf dS
Edior# usrwd@k vkyom;rSmyJ/ 'Dv[mrsK;d uef@owf csKyf
kf
f G
kd
cs,wmudawmh usrwd@k vufrcHygb;l / rw&m;ojzifh uef@
f
k
owfcsKyfcs,rukd usrwd@k cHaer,fq&ifawmh 'DtzJ@G [m
f _
kd
wjznf;jznf; tiftm;awG avsmom;rSmyJ/ tiftm;awG
h G
vnf; avsmcygw,f/ t&if 8 ESptwGi;f tiftm;awG
h hJ
f
avsmcwmawG trsm;=uD;&Sw,f/ 'Dtiftm;awGjyefjyD;
h hJ
d
awmh yHy;kd zd@k qjkd yD;awmh jyefvnfz@GJ pnf;a&;vkywmyg/ jyef
h
f
vnfz@GJ pnf;a&; vkyjf yD;wJtcseuae pjyD;awmh usrwd@k
h d f
tzJ@G csKyf&@J tvkyawG[m t&Set[kew;kd vmwmudk us
f
d f
f
rwd@k jrifcsiw,f/ t&Set[keusvmwmudk usrwd@k vH;k
f
d f
f
vH;k r=unfcsib;l /
h f
t&Set[kew;kd vmvd@k tm%mydirsm;zufu
d f
f
kf
aejyD;awmh ydjk yD;awmh wd;k jyD;awmh zdEycsKyfcs,vmr,f
dS f
f
vkyfvnf; vkyf&r,f/ cHvnf; cH&r,f/udk,fvkyfvdk@
udk,fcHw,faygh/ rvkyfyJeJ@ cHwmawmh cH&usKd; reyf
bl;/ tJ'Dawmh yxr vkyfvkduf/ vkyfjyD;rScHr,f/
9. (9)
qd&ifawmh 'gawGukd usrwd@k cHEiatmifv@kd awmh vHv
k
kd f
k
xkw& r,f/ 0d&, xkw&r,f/ ajrmif;jru OD;aZ,s ajym
f
d
f
oGm;ovdyJ taumif;qH;k udk ar#mvifjh yD;awmh tqd;k qH;k
k
f
twGuf t+rJ jyifqifxm;&r,fqwm / 'g usr c%c%
kd
ajymcJz;l wmyJ/ Ekiia&;orm;tm;vH;k [m 'Daqmify'av;
h
dfH
kf
udk ud,hf &J@ ukwifacgi;f &if;rSm cswxm;oifw,f/ t+rwrf;
k
d f
h
J
t aumif;qH;k twGuf ar#mvifjh yD; tqd;k qH;k twGuf jyif
f
qif xm;&r,f/ 'Dvkd pdw"gwe@J usrwd@k vyrS atmifjrifr_
f f
kf
&Srmyg/
dS
aemufjy;D awmhvnf; 'DvEiia&;twGuf ud,hf
kd kd f H
k
&J@ b0udk tepfemcH pGe@f vw&w,fqwm 'g tifrwefrS
$ f
kd
odum&Sygw,f/ tifrwefrvnf; auseyfr&p&myg/ tm;
Q d
S
_ dS
vH;k jyefjy;D awmh pOf;pm;=uyg/ 'Db0rSm bmvdcsi=f uvJ/ arG;
k
vmw,f/ =uD;vmw,f/aeoGm;w,f tdom;w,f- 'gyJ
k G
vm;vd@k usrwd@k trsm;=uD;pOf;pm;p&mjzpfw,f/ 'Db0rSm
vljzpfvmjyDqdkrSjzifh bmtwGuf vljzpfvmw,fqdkwm
usrwd@k pOf;pm;zd@k vdygw,f/ vljzpfvmw,fqwm vmbf
k
kd
pm;jyD;awmh tdrawGtrsm;}uD;aqmufjyD;awmh um;awG
f
trsm;}u;D 0,fjy;D awmh vlrsm;tay:rS a=umzd@k jzpfvmwm
vm;qdwm pOf;pm;&r,f/ wcsK@d u 'Dv[mrsK;d udk ae&usK;d
k
kd
eyfw,fv@kd xif=uw,f/ 'Dv[mrsK;d udk ae&usK;d eyfw,f
kd
vd@k xifworsm;uawmh usrwd@k e@J tifrwefrS uGmjcm;yg
hJ l
w,f/
tJ'awmh usrwd@k tzJ@G csKyf0ifrsm; pOf;pm;=uyg/
D
vljzpfvmw,fqwm bmtwGuf jzpfvmwmvJ/ vljzpf
kd
vmw,fqwm vl@t&nftcsi;f udk jrSiwifcsiv@kd vljzpf
kd
hf
f
vmwmjzpf&r,f/ vljzpfvmrS ud,vom;awG&@J t&nft
k hf l
csi;f udk ud,f wenf;r[kwwenf;enf;eJ@ jrSiwifEi&rSm
k
f
hf
kd f
ayg/h pmayorm; qd&ifvnf; pmayzufuaejyD;awmh jrSihf
k
wifEi&r,f/ odyorm;qd&ifvnf; odyzufuaejy;D awmh
kd f
H`
k
H`
jrSiwifEi&r,f/ bmoma&;eJ@ qdiwoq&ifvn;f bm
hf
kd f
k f hJ l kd
oma&;zufuae jrSiwifEi&r,f/ usrwd@k u Ediia&; o
hf kd f
kfH
rm;awGy/J Ediia&;t& vl@tqiftwef;udk usrwd@k u jrihf
kfH
h
S
wifEi&r,f/ Ediia&;t& vl@tqiftwef;udk jrSiwifEif
kd f
kfH
h
hf kd
rS usrwd@k [m vljzpf&usK;d eyfw,fv@kd owfrwEir,f/ 'D
S f kd f
vdkpdwfxm;rxm;Edkif&ifawmh udk,fhudk,fudk,f EdkifiHa&;
orm;vd@k vnf; rac:oifb;l / Ediia&;e,fxrmvnf; 0if
h
kfH
JS
jyD;awmh rvkyoifb;l /
f h
'gayr,fh Ediia&;e,fy,fxrm 0ifvyonfjzpf
kfH
JS
kf
ap 0ifrvkyonfjzpfap usrwd@k b,fwa,mufrS Ediia&;
f
kfH
usrwd@k u Ediia&;orm;awGy/J
kfH
Ediia&;t& vl@tqiftwef;udk usrwd@k
kfH
h
u jrSifhwifEdkif&r,f/ EdkifiHa&;t& vl@ t
qifhtwef;udk jrSifhwifEdkifrS usrwdk@ [m
vljzpf&usK;d eyfw,fv@kd owfrwEif r,f/
S f kd
'D vdkpdwfxm;rxm;Edkif&ifawmh
ud,u,u,f Ediia&; orm;vd@k vnf;
k hf kd f kd k f H
rac:oifb;l / Ediia&;e,fxrmvnf; 0if
h
kfH
JS
jyD;awmh rvkyfoifhbl;/
udk a&SmifvEirm r[kwb;l / usrwd@k b,favmufa&Smif
$ J kd f S
f
a&Smif Ediia&;u usrwd@k u vmjyD;awmh wdurmyJ/ vm
kfH
k f S
jyD;awmh ywfrmyJ/ bmjzpfv@kd vnf; qdawmh vl@b0eJ@ Edif
S
k
k
iHa&;qdwm b,fvrS ruif;uGmEdib;l / ,Ofaus;wJh vl@
k
kd
kf
todi;f t0di;f xJ a&mufvmjyDqrjS zifh Ediia&;[m ygrmyJ/
k
k
kd
kfH
S
olw@kd t*Fvypum;vH;k -[kwvm;/ Ediia&;[m Politice.
df
f
kfH
Politice/ qdwm Police qdwm[m jrdK@e,fayg/h jrKd@qwhJ
k
k
kd
pum;uaevmwm/ bmjzpfv@kd vnf;qdawmh t&ifwe;f
k
k
u Ediia&;tzJ@G tpnf;av;awGqwm jrKd@uom tajccH
kfH
kd
kd
wmud;k / EdiiwEdiiv;kH udk tajccHwmrSr[kwy/J tJ'awmh
kfH kfH
f
D
vl@todkif;t0dkif;udk tajccHwhJudpPqdkwm 'g EdkifiHa&;yJ/
aemufq;kH awmh 'gygy/J &yfaus; tqifrmqd&if &yfaus;
h S k
udk tajcHwm[m 'g Ediia&;yJ/ jrKd@e,ftqifrmqd&if jrKd@
kfH
h S k
e,fukd tajccHwm Ediia&;yJ/ wdi;f jynfwjynftqifrm
kfH
k
h S
qd&ifawmh wki;f jynfwjynfv;kH udk tajcHwm Ediia&;ayg/h
k
d
kfH
tJ'awmh usrwd@k [m b,fawmhrS Ediia&;eJ@ uif;rSm r
D
kfH
[kwb;l aemf/ uif;w,fv@kd rsm;rxifyge@J /
f
trsK;d om;'Drua&pD tzJ@G csKyfuae E_wxuf
kd
f G
vduv@kd Ediia&;eJ@ uif;oGm;jyv@kd b,fawmhrS rxifvuf
k f kfH
D
kd
yge@J / b,fawmhrS ruif;bl;/ Ekiia&;[m ud,aemufuae
dfH
k hf
uyfjyD;awmh vduaerSmyJ/ 'DvtrsK;d om;'Drua&pD tzJ@G
k f
kd
kd
10. (10)
csKyfuae xGuvujf yDqw[m zdtm;ay;vd@k yjJ zpfap bm
f kd
kd hJ
vd@k yjJ zpfap xGuvujf yDquwnf;u 'g Ediia&;a=umifh
f kd
kd
kfH
xGuvuw,f/ Ediia&;a=umifh vkyvuwupy/J tJ'D
f kd f
kfH
f kd f hJ d P
awmh Ediia&;a=umifh vkyvuwupr@kd Ediia&;t& t
kfH
f kd f h J d P k f H
usK;d qufawG[m woufv;kH qufjy;D awmh ygvmr,fqwm
kd
tJ'grwxm;/ rygvmbl;vd@k rxifyge@J /
S f
tJ'awmh usrwd@k Ediia&;udk a&Smifv@kd r&bl;
D
kfH
aemf/ a&Smifv@kd r&wJab;awmh ajy;jyD;awG@wmyJaumif;
h
w,f/ 'Dawmh usrwd@k [m Ekiia&;udk a&Smifv@kd r&awmh
dfH
Ediia&;udk yDyjD yifjyif vkyom;r,fqwhJ qH;k jzwfcsue@J
kfH
f G
kd
f
qufjyD;awmh vkyom;zd@k vw,f/ 'grS ud,u Ediia&;rSm
f G
kd
k f kfH
atmifjrifr_ ,lEirm/ ud,u Ediia&;udk a&Smifz@kd =uKd;
kd f S
k f kfH
pm;&if Ediia&;u ud,ukd atmifjrifr,jl yD; ud,rvdcsif
kfH
k hf
_
k f k
wJh[mjzpfoGm;ygvdrhfr,f/ qdkawmh usrwdk@tzJG@csKyf[m
tck jyefjy;D awmh zJ@G pnf;wJtcseupjy;D awmh jynfe,fwi;f
h df
kd
awGukd jyefjyD;awmh zG@J pnf;wJtcseupjyD; ydjk yD;awmh yDyD
h d f
jyifjyifvyw,fqwmudk usrwd@k jrifcsiygw,f/ tJ'vkd
k f
kd
f
D
vkywae&mrSm {&m0wDwi;f uaejy;D awmh yxrOD;qH;k jyef
f hJ
kd
vnfjyD;awmh zJ@G pnf;jyD;wJtcgrm pkpnf;rdwwi;f jzpfwt
h
S
hJ kd
hJ
wGua=umifr@kd v@kd a&S@aqmifwi;f tjzpfe@J vkyom;apcsif
f
h
kd
f G
w,f/ tcuftcJrsm;wJh wdi;f rd@k v@kd ukd ydjk yD;awmh vkyapcsif
k
f
w,f/
usrwd@k trsK;d om;'Drua&pDtzJ@G csKyf tzJ@G 0if
kd
rsm;[m cH&wowWvnf;&Sw,f/ vky&wowWvnf; &Sw,f
J hJ d
d
f J hJ d
d
qdwmudk {&m0wDwi;f uae pjy;D awmh jyoGm;apcsiw,f/
k
kd
f
{&m0wDwi;f udk wjcm;jynfe,f wjcm;wdi;f awGu erlem
dk
k
,lavmufwJhwkdif;jzpfw,fvdk@ usrwdk@ 'Dvdkajymwmudk
=um;csiw,f/ tJ'awmh tcka&mufvmwJh jrKd@e,fawGu
f
D
jyefom;vd@k &&if ud,jhf rKd@e,frmud,f yDyjD yifjyif pnf;&H;k a&;
G
dS
k
S k
udk qif;=uyg/ jrKd@e,fqwm &yfaus;awGe@J trsm;=uD;qdif
kd
k
w,f/
usrwd@k Eiirm vl 80 &mcdiEe;f avmuf[m &yf
kd f H S
kf_
aus;rSm awm&Gma'orSm aewJoawGjzpfygw,f/ tJ'D
h l
awmh 'D&yfaus;u jynfovxe@J xdawG@rqwm wcsev;kH
l l k
_ kd
df
&Sae&r,f/ jrK@d ay:rSmyJ xkiaevd@k rjzpfygb;l / +rK@d ay:rSmyJ xkif
d
df
d
aewJh Ediia&;qdwm[m jrefrmEdiivkd Ediie@J oifawmfwhJ
kfH
k
kfH kfH
h
Ediia&;rsK;d r[kwb;l / aus;vufawm&GmawGuqif;wJh Edif
kfH
f
kd
k
iHa&;rsK;d jzpf&r,f/
tJ'vkd Ediia&;vkyjf y;D awmh jynfovxtm;vH;k
D kfH
l l k
[m 'DEiirm bmjzpfaevJqwm odatmifvy&r,f/ 'g
kd f H S
kd
k f
0g'jzef@csa&;eJ@qiwmayg/h apmapmu vyGwmu ajym
d
kd f
W
oGm;ovdayg/h Ediia&;qdwm pnf;&H;k a&;eJ@ 0g'jzef@csa&;yJ/
k
kfH
k
d
pnf;&H;k a&; vkywtcg 0g'jzef@csa&; yg&wmayg/h ud,tzJ@G
f hJ
d
k hf
tpnf;u bmvkyaeovJ/ bmjzpfaeovJ 'DurBm=u;D rSm
f
bmjzpfaeovJ/ urBm=uD;u b,fvjkd rifovJ/ usrwd@k ukd
bmjzpfv@kd urBmu axmufcv/J
H
'DudpPeJ@ ywfoufvdk@&Sd&if axmufvSrf;a&;eJ@
ywfoufwhJ t&m&Swa,mufu usrwd@k xu vl=uD; w
d
J
a,mufukd ajymygw,f/ urBmu bmjzpfv@kd NLD ajymwm
yJ em;axmifaejyD;awmh olw@kd ajymwmudk em;raxmif
vJv@kd ar;wJar;cGe;f rsK;d yg/ urBmu usrwd@k NLD udk bmjzpf
h
vd@k em;axmifwmvJqawmh olw@kd usrwd@k ajymwmawG
kd
wif em;axmifwmr[kwygb;l / e0w ajymwmawGukd
f
vnf; em;axmifwmayg/h ESpzufpvH;k em;axmifjyD;awmh
f
olw@kd [molw@kd olw@kd ud,yi^m%fe@J qk;H jzwfwmyJ/ b,f
k f kd f
tzJ@G tpnf;ajymwJh pum;awG[m ydjk y;D awmh ,H=k unfp&m
&Sw,fqwm olw@kd qH;k jzwfom;rSmyJ/
d
kd
G
b,ftzJG@tpnf;ajymwJhpum;awG[m ydkjyD;
awmh tqiftwef;&Sw,f/ ydjk y;D awmh av;eufw,fqwm
h
d
kd
olw@kd qH;k jzwfom;rSmyg/
G
usrwd@k u usrwd@k ukd b,favmufyJ axmufcH
yg axmufcygajymajym usrwd@k &@J vky&yfawG[m axmuf
H
f
11. (11)
cHp&mraumif;&if bmrSaxmufcrm r[kwb;l / usr b,f
HS
f
EdiiurS bmay;r,fqjkd y;D awmh pnf;&H;k cJwm r&Sb;l / usr
k f H kd
h
d
wd@k reuefwm vkyv@kd axmufcygv@kd / 'gyJ usrwd@k ajym
S f
f
H
w,f/ b,fEiiurS 'Drua&pD&&if b,fvtcGita&;
kd f H kd dk
kd
hf
&&ygaphr,fv@kd usrwd@k rajymcJb;l / ajymzd@k vnf;rpOf;pm;
h
bl;/ bmpD;yGm;a&; tcGita&;rSvnf; ray;bl;/ bmEdiiH
hf
kf
a&; tcGifhta&;rSvnf; ray;bl;/ usrwdk@&J@vkyf&yfudk
axmufcH w,fqv@kd &&if rSeuefw,fxifv@kd axmufcyg/
kd dS
f
H
rSeuefw,f w&m;w,fqv@kd &&if axmufcz@kd wm0efukd
f
kd dS
H
&Sw,f 'ga=umifh axmufcygv@kd usrwd@k u t+rajymw,f/
d
H
J
Ediiwi;f Ediiwi;f [m rdrw@kd &whJ wm0eft&
k f H kd k f H kd
d dS
rSeuefwzufu &yfwnfygv@kd usrwd@k 'DvyJ pnf;&H;k wmyg/
f
hJ
kd
'gayr,fh usrwd@k zufu rSeuefw,fqwmudvnf; jyzd@k
f
kd
k
vdw,f/ 'ga=umifr@kd usrwd@k axmufjyw,f/ bmjzpfv@kd
k
h
usrwd@k zufu rSev/J bmjzpfv@kd usrwd@k u usrwd@k ukd
f
axmufcz@kd vw,fajymovJ/ Oya' pd;k rd;k r_ r&Sb;l qdwm
H kd
d
k
bmjzpfv@kd 'DvajymvJ/ 'DEiirm ppfrewhJ wd;k wufr_ r&Sd
kd
kd f H S
S f
bl;qdwm bmjzpfv@kd usrwd@k ajym&vJqwm 'gawG usr
k
kd
wd@k trsm;=uD;&Si;f jyw,f/ &Si;f jywJtcg e0wu 'g tpd;k &
h
udk wducuw,fv@kd jrifw,f/ 'g usrwd@k wkucuwm r
k f kd f
d f kd f
[kwb;l / 'g Ediia&;t& vkyoifvyxuwtvkyukd vkyf
f
kfH
f h k f kd f hJ
f
aewmyJ/ usrwdk@udk axmufcHygqdkjyD;awmh bmjzpfvdk@
axmufc&r,fqwhJ ta=umif;jycsuf rjyEdi&if b,fol
H
kd
kf
u axmufcrmvJ/
HS
'Drua&pD vdcsiw,f/ tajymif;tvJ vkw,f/
kd
k f
d
'Drua&pD tpd;k &wck tjrefq;kH ay:ayguvmzd@k vw,fv@kd
kd
f
dk
usrwd@k ajymw,f/ bmjzpfv@kd ay:ayguvmzd@k vvnf; qdk
f
kd
wm usrwd@k rjyEdiv@kd &&if b,fou usrwd@k ukd ,H=k unf
k f dS
l
rSmvJ/ 'Dawmh usrwd@k axmufjy&w,f/ 'DEiirm bm csK@d
kd f H S
,Gi;f csuawG &SovJ/ 'DcsK@d ,i;f csuawG aysmufom;zd@k t
f
d
G
f
G
wGuf 'Drua&pDvw,f/ 'ga=umifr@kd usrwd@k axmufjy
kd
kd
h
w,f/
'DEiirmqd&if vmbfpm;r_awG trsm;=u;D &Sw,f/
kd f H S k
d
bmjzpfv@kd vmbfpm;r_&v/J vmbfpm;r_&w,fqwm jynf
dS
dS
kd
olvxu csKyfuixm;Ediwtpd;k &r&Sv@kd ayg/h jynfovl
l k
kd f
k f hJ
d
l
xku tpd;k &wckukd csKyfuixm;Ediw,fqv@kd &&if awmf&kH
kd f
kf
kd dS
wef&kH vmbfpm;csiwhJ 0ef=uD;awmifrS vmbfrpm;&Jb;l /
f
vmbfpm;vdu&if tvkyjf yKwfrmud;k / a&G;aumufyGJ usv@kd
k f
S
&S&if aemufxyfjy;D awmh ta&G;cH&rSmr[kwb;l / tJ'awmh
d
f
D
'gawGa=umifhrdk@vdk@ oluaejyD;awmh csifhcsifhcsdefcsdef ae&
w,f/
'Dtwdi;f yJ 'DEiirm pD;yGm;a&;vkyz@kd ac:w,f/
k
kd f H S
f
12. (12)
r,f/ vkytm;ay;udpawG[m wu,fjzpfaewJupawGy/J
f
P
h dP
vkytm;ay;udk usrwd@k uef@uuw,f/ vkytm;ay;qdwhJ
f
G f
f
k
tavhtusi[m tifrwefrS qd;k &Gm;w,fqwm usrwd@k
hf
kd
ajymwm[mvnf; 'g e0wudk tm;tm;,m;,m; wduf
k
cducsiv@kd ajymwmrS r[kwy/J vkytm;ay;qdwm aumif;
k f f
f
f
k
rSraumif;wm/ jynfovxukd trsm;=u;D 'kuay; wJpepfy/J
l l k
Q
h
'Dvpepfwckukd usrwd@k uef@uu&rSmyJ/ 'g usrwd@k &@J wm
kd
G f
0efjzpfw,f/ wm0eft& usrwd@k uef@uuom;rSmyJ/
G f G
ukeaps;E_e;f awG wufaew,f/ ukeaps;E_e;f awG
f
f
wufaewm 'Dae@u b,favmufvJ qdwmudk ar;ae&
k
w,f/ wae@xufwae@ukd wufaewmyJ/ ukeaps;E_e;f awG
f
wufaewm b,fo@l a=umifv/J trsK;d om; 'Drua&pD t
h
kd
zJG@csKyfa=umifhvdk@ wcsKd@u ajymcsifwJholawG&Sdw,f/ 'D
avmufawmifrS usrwd@k tzJ@G csKyfuae =oZmtm%m &Sd
vd@k &&ifvnf; =oZmtm%m tm;vH;k om v$vuawmh
dS
J kd f
vd@k usr tJ'vyJ ajymcsiw,f/ (vufcyorsm;)
D kd
f
k f H
bmjzpfv@kd vnf;qdawmh bmrqdk usrwd@k a=umifh
k
yJ/ bmrqdk usrwd@k a=umifye@J / 'DavmufawmifrS usrwd@k
hJ
=oZm[m 'DEdkifiHtay:rSm anmif;aew,fqdk&ifvnf;
tkycsKyfa&;tm%myg ,loifwhJ tzJ@G tpnf;yJv@kd 'Dvkd us
f
h
rwd@k owfrw&rSmyJ/
S f
tJ'Dawmh tm%mydkif tzJG@tpnf; wck[m
wki;f jynf&@J tm%mudk csKyfuixm;jyD;awmh wdi;f jynf rSm
d
kd f
k
jzpfaewJh jyoemawG&@J wm0efukd r,lEib;l qdwm 'g
kd f
k
t"dyg` vf r&Sb;l / 'Drua&pD tpd;k &qdv@kd &&if tpd;k &wm0ef
d
kd
k dS
,lw,fq&if jzpfor# jyoem&J@ wm0efuvnf; ,l&wm
kd
kd
yJ/ b,fvrS acgi;f a&Smifv@kd r&bl;/ acgi;f a&Smifv@kd &&if t
kfd
dS
wdutcH tzJ@G tpnf;awGu cifAsm;wd@k 'Davmufawmif
k f
toH;k rus&if qif; qdjk yD; 'DvyJ ajymrSmyJ/ tJ'awmh usr
kd
D
wd@k tzJ@G csKyf[m paewe*FaEG a[majymcsursm; t&yJ
f
jzpfjzpf 'Dvkd tpnf;ta0;awGrmyJjzpfjzpf usrwd@k tm%m
S
ydif tzJ@G tpnf;rsm;udk a0zefw,fqwm[m a0zefw,f
k
kd
/ rSew,f/ a0zefp&m&Sv@kd usrwd@k a0zefwmyJ/
f
d
atmif q ef ; pk = unf
usrwd@k u pD;yGm;a&; 'Dtcserm 'DEiirm pD;yGm;a&; &if;ES;D
d f S kd f H S
jrSKyfE&r,ftcsef r[kwao;bl;qdjk yD;awmh usrwd@k ajym
HS
h d
f
w,f/ bmjzpfv@kd ajymvJ/ &Si;f jy&wmayg/h usrwd@k bmjzpf
vd@k 'Dvkd &Si;f jy&wmvJqawmh 'DEiirm t"du jyoem
kd
kd f H S
[m &if;ES;D jrSKyfEr_ aiGvaewJh jyoem r[kwb;l / rSeref
HS
kd
f
f S
uefuef &if;ES;D jrKS yfErawGukd roH;k wwfwhJ jyoem/ aemuf
HS _
qH;k usawmh tkycsKyfa&;zufqi&mrSm rSeuefr_ r&SwhJ jy
f
kd f
f
d
oemyJ/ tkyfcsKyfa&;zufrSm rSefuefr_ r&Sdvdk@&Sd&if b,f
avmufyJ aiGawG &if;ES;D &if;ES;D 'DaiGawG[m tv[o jzpf
oGm;rSmyJ/ wdi;f jynfukd tusK;d jyKrmr[kwb;l / 'gawGa=umifh
k
S
f
rd@k v@kd 'Dtcserm'gawGukd r&if;ES;D yge@J O;D qdjk yD;awmh usrwd@k
dfS
ajymwmyJ/
tJ'awmh 'Dvkd pD;yGm;a&;t& atmifjrifr_ r&Sb;l /
D
d
'Dvkd pD;yGm;a&;t& &if;ES;D jrSKyfEr_ rvkyoifb;l / Oya' pd;k rk;d
HS
f h
a&; r&Sb;l / Oya' pd;k rd;k a&;udjk zpfajrmufatmifv@kd rvkyf
d
Ediwtpd;k &qdwm Ediiuwnfjiratmif vkyEiwhJ tpd;k &
k f hJ
k
k f H kd
df
f kd f
(toHeJ@ ajym=um;csufawGudka':pkarG;ae@ txdrf;
r[kwb;l pojzifh usrwd@k ajymwJupawG[m e0wudk
f
h d P
trSwftjzpf pum;vHk;rsm;toGif ajymif;vJjzef@csdygw,f/ vuf
usrwd@k oufouf wducucsiv@kd ajymwmr[kwb;l / us
k f kd f f
f
qifhurf; jzef@csday; =ur,fvdk@vnf; ,Hk=unfygw,f)
rwd@k bmjzpfv@kd 'Drua&pDukd tjrefq;kH vdw,fqwmudk
kd
k
kd
xif&m;apcsiv@kd ajymwmyJ/
S
f
(cifarmifxdkuf-bm;rm;ae&Sife,f *sme,f)rS pDpOfjyD;
aemufjyD;awmh 'D vkytm;ay;udpawGukd ajym
f
P
wdk@u xkwfa0 jzef@csdyg w,f/
14. (14)
usrwd@k
&ke;f uefc&wmawG
hJ
tepfem
cHc&wmawG[m
hJ
tepfemcH&usKd;
eyfatmifv@kd
usrwd@k xyf jyD;awmh
ydjk yD;awmh
0d&d,xkwfjyD;awmh =uKd;pm;
oGm;&rSm jzpfygw,f/
n$e=f um;csuf apmifjh yD;awmh vkywtvkyrsK;d udvnf;
f hJ
f k
rvky=f uyge@J / usrwd@k n$e=f um;csuukd ay;oifh oavmuf
f
ay;r,f/ ay;Edioavmuf ay;r,f/ 'gayr,fh 'Drua&pD qdk
kf
kd
uwnf;udu 'g jynfovx&@J tkycsKyfry/J atmufajcu
k
l l k
f _
aejyD;awmh ud,vyoifvyxuwmawG udk wm0efooe@J
k f k f h k f kd f
d d
vkyf&J&r,f/ vkyf&r,f/
EdkifiHa&;twGuf udk,fh&J@b0udk
tepfemcH pGe@f vw&w,f qdwm
$ f
k
'g tifrwefrS oduQm&Sdygw,f/
tifrwefrSvnf; auseyfr_&Sdp&myg/ tm;vHk; jyefjyD;awmh
pOf;pm;=uyg/
K M Htike
aemufqHk;awmh usrwdk@&J@pnf;&Hk;a&;[m jynfolvlxk
pnf;&H;k a&;yJ/ jynfovxk trsm;pkuaejyD; awmh rm;rm;
l l
rwfrwfe@J tzJ@G csKyftaemufuaejyD;awmh &yfwnfaer,f
qdk&if usrwdk@ vkyfief;[m rkcs atmifjrif&r,f/
vlxkacgif;aqmif a':atmifqef;pkMunf touf(61)ESpfajrmuf arG;aeUtxdrf;trSwf tjzpf xkwfa0ygw,f/