The document defines statements, conditionals, hypotheses, and conclusions. It states that a statement supplies an ideal value for restraint, a conditional joins two statements with "if" and "then", the "if" part is the hypothesis, and the "then" part is the conclusion. It also defines converse, inverse, and contrapositive for conditional statements - converse exchanges the hypothesis and conclusion, inverse negates both, and contrapositive switches and negates the hypothesis and conclusion.