1. The document provides an overview of various string, woodwind, brass, percussion, and keyboard instruments. It describes the basic construction and historical background of instruments in each category. 2. Within string instruments, it outlines common instruments like the violin, viola, cello, double bass, harp, lyre, guitar, and mandolin. 3. It also briefly introduces woodwinds like clarinets, saxophones, oboes, bassoons, flutes, piccolos and recorders. Brass instruments covered include trumpets, tubas, euphoniums, cornets, sousaphones, flugelhorns and french horns.

1. 1
5
1. (String Instruments)

2. 2
1.1 (VIOLIN)
(Violin Family) 4
4 5 (G, D, A E)
Cremona (1600-1750) 3
Amati, Stradivari, Guarneri

3. 3
1.2 (Viola)
(Alto) 4
(C D G A ) (Alto clef)
1.3 (Cello)
(Violoncello)
2
4 5 (C D G A) (F
clef)
2

4. 4
1.4 (Double Bass)
(String Bass) (Contra Bass) (Bass Viol)
4
4 5
(F clef)

5. 5
1.5 (Harp)
46 - 47 (Sounding Board)
2 (Double Action)
(Chromatic) (Pedal) 7
17

6. 6
1.6 (Lyre)
(Lyra) (Kithara)
(Rotta)

7. 7
1.9 (Guitar)
6
(renaissance) (Baroque) 20
12 (12 String Guitar)
(Spanish)
(Flamenco)
(Spanish Guitar)
(Acoustic Guitar)
(Electric Guitar)

8. 8
1.10 (Mandolin)
(Tremolo)
2
1.) Neapolitan 2 8
4 5
2.) Milanese Neapolitan 5-6 (10-12 )
12
2. (Woodwind Instruments)

9. 9
2.1 (Bb Clarinet)
( )
2.2 (Bass Clarinet)

10. 10
2.3 (Alto Clarinet)
5
2.4 (Eb Clarinet)
5
2.5 (Saxophone)
(Adolph Sax)
(Brussels) . . 1840
1.) ( )
2.) ( )
3.) ( )
4.) ( )
5.) ( )

11. 11
2.6 (Oboe)
3 6
17
18
2-3
19
2.7 (English Horn)
(Cor Anglais)
5
(Alto Oboe)

12. 12
2.8 (Bassoon)
2.9 (Flute)
(Theobald Bohem)

13. 13
2.10 (Piccolo)
1
4
Panpipes, Recorder
2.11 (Recorder)
18 8
16 17
4
1.) (Descant) (Soprano)
2.) (Treble) (Alto)
3.) (Tenor)
4.) (Bass)

14. 14
3. (Brass Instruments)
3
4
4 3
(Mouthpiece)
3.1 (Trumpet)
3
1 2 3

15. 15
Serpent Kent Bugle
Johann Haas (1649-1723)
3.2 (Tuba)
3 4

16. 16
3.3 (Euphonium)
3-4
3.4 (Cornet)
. . 1829 Rossini
William Tell

17. 17
3.5 (Sousaphone)
(John Philip Sousa)
(Bombardon)
3.6 (Flugelhorn)
(Bugle) 3

18. 18
3.7 (Bugle)
8
3.8 (French-Horn)
17
3 Woodwind
Quintet

19. 19
3.9 (Trombone)
7
(tromba)
14 (Gluck)
(Mozart) (Beethoven)
19
4
1.) Tenor Trombone
2.) Bass Trombone
3.) Tenor-bass Trombone
4.) Contra-Bass Trombone
4. (Percussion Instruments)

20. 20
2
1.) (Definite Pitch Instruments)
2.) (Indefinite Pitch Instruments)
4.1 (Bass Drum)
2
32 20-32

21. 21
4.2 (Small Drum)
2
Snare Side Drum
Snare Drum
Side Drum
4.3 (Timpani)
Kettle Drum
2

22. 22
4.4 (Conga)
30 11
3 4 5 2
4.5 (Bongo)
2 1 1
2 4 5

23. 23
4.6 (Tambourine)
10
2
1
4.7 (Triangle)
1 .

24. 24
4.8 (Maraca)
4.9 (Cabasa)
4.10 (Tubular Bells)

25. 25
4.11 (Cowbell)
4.12 (Drum Set)
1 2
2 3 ( 2 )

26. 26
4.13 (Cymbnal)
4.14 (Marimba)

27. 27
4.15 (Xylophone)
4.16 (Vibraphone)

28. 28
5. (Keyboard Instruments)
(Key)
(String Machine)
(Effect)

29. 29
5.1 (Piano)
(Pianoforte)
(Piamo) (Forte)
5.2 (Organ)
(Manual) (Peddle)

30. 30
5.3 (Harpsichord)
(Quills) ( )
16 - 18
5.4 (Clavichord)
( )