The document discusses the New Journal of Physics (NJP) as an example of an open access journal. It provides background on traditional academic publishing models and how the development of the internet and rising publication costs motivated the creation of open access journals. The NJP was founded jointly in 1998 by the German Society of Physics and the British Institute of Physics as an open access journal. It ensures quality through peer review while allowing free online access to manuscripts. Though establishing a new journal is challenging, the NJP has been successful, receiving over 100 submissions per month and 50,000 downloads, demonstrating open access is well-received internationally.
Talk given at the Institut de Physique Théorique, Paris-Saclay, 28th November 2023.
Over the past decade, the landscape of academic publishing has changed dramatically, with publishers moving from subscription-based models to "open access" in which papers are available to read free of charge. Many journals have made the decision to maintain revenue by charging authors for this, via so-called "Article Processing Charges" (APCs) which can run to $1000s, thereby closing the door on those without funds to pay. More recently, there have been moves to encourage researchers to publish using "Diamond" Open Access wherein papers are published without charge to the authors and without cost to the reader. In this talk I discuss the environment for Open Access Publishing in Astrophysics with reference to the Open Journal of Astrophysics (OJAp), which offers a not-for-profit service of this kind using an arXiv-overlay model. I also offer a possible vision of the future of truly "Open Access" publishing based on a global network of institutional and/or subject-based repositories.
Talk given at the Institut de Physique Théorique, Paris-Saclay, 28th November 2023.
Over the past decade, the landscape of academic publishing has changed dramatically, with publishers moving from subscription-based models to "open access" in which papers are available to read free of charge. Many journals have made the decision to maintain revenue by charging authors for this, via so-called "Article Processing Charges" (APCs) which can run to $1000s, thereby closing the door on those without funds to pay. More recently, there have been moves to encourage researchers to publish using "Diamond" Open Access wherein papers are published without charge to the authors and without cost to the reader. In this talk I discuss the environment for Open Access Publishing in Astrophysics with reference to the Open Journal of Astrophysics (OJAp), which offers a not-for-profit service of this kind using an arXiv-overlay model. I also offer a possible vision of the future of truly "Open Access" publishing based on a global network of institutional and/or subject-based repositories.
Slides for seminar given at Cardiff University on 1st November 2023, covering Open Access publishing in astrophysics with reference to the Open Journal of Astrophysics.
Institutionalisation of an open access – a new possibility for research. A s...Birute Railiene
Birute Railiene. Institutionalisation of an open access – a new possibility for research : a survey of perception and demand
Paper for the 5th International Conference of the European Society of History of Science, Athens, 1-3 November 2012
Another Interdisciplinary Transformation: Beyond an Area-studies JournalHan Woo PARK
Journal of Contemporary Eastern Asia (ISSN 2383-9449) is a refereed biannual journal that takes a lead on a new scholarship in Asia. In the past, the JCEA was dedicated to the study of current political, social and economic trends in East and Southeast Asia. But now, the JCEA finds unique aspects of Asian scholarship by expanding its scope to (socio-technical) convergence and future (network) studies. The JCEA editors are working very hard to boost the scholarly presence of new Asian scholarship around the world and secure its reputation as an emerging world-class publishing outlet. The editors welcome manuscripts based on original research or significant reexamination of existing literature.
SPECIAL ARTICLEPredatory Publishing, Questionable Peer Rev.docxrafbolet0
SPECIAL ARTICLE
Predatory Publishing, Questionable Peer Review, and Fraudulent
Conferences
John D. Bowman, MS
Irma Lerma Rangel College of Pharmacy, Texas A&M Health Sciences Center, Kingsville, Texas
Submitted February 25, 2014; accepted April 21, 2014; published December 15, 2014.
Open-access is a model for publishing scholarly, peer-reviewed journals on the Internet that relies on
sources of funding other than subscription fees. Some publishers and editors have exploited the
author-pays model of open-access, publishing for their own profit. Submissions are encouraged
through widely distributed e-mails on behalf of a growing number of journals that may accept many
or all submissions and subject them to little, if any, peer review or editorial oversight. Bogus con-
ference invitations are distributed in a similar fashion. The results of these less than ethical practices
might include loss of faculty member time and money, inappropriate article inclusions in curriculum
vitae, and costs to the college or funding source.
Keywords: peer review, open access, scientific publishing, scientific conferences
INTRODUCTION
The advent of the Internet age and digitization of data
resulted in many changes, one of which was the concept of
peer-reviewed, open-access (OA) publishing with free
availabilitytoanyonewithInternetservices.Thistransition
increased when the National Institutes of Health (NIH)
began requiring that any manuscript resulting from its
funding be made publicly available via PubMed. The num-
ber of high-quality scientific research manuscripts pub-
lished via OA continues to increase. Unfortunately, there
has also been an increase in attempts to exploit the OA
concept for profit by requiring authors to pay for publica-
tion up front and performing none of the peer review ad-
vertised. These groups market their “services” through
e-mails to scientists and faculty members, offering recipi-
entstheopportunitytopublisharticlesin anewonlinepeer-
reviewed journal, to serve as a reviewer or editor of a new
journal, or to speak or host a roundtable discussionat a con-
ference, which may be described as “global” or “interna-
tional.” The objective of this article is to describe some of
these practices and ways to avoid them.
DEVELOPMENT OF OPEN ACCESS
PUBLISHING
The publishing paradigm has changed from print-
only subscriptions to digitally available and free scientific
publications. Nature was first published in 1869, Science
in 1880, and subsequently scientific journal publishing
has increased to the point of a new paper being published
every 20 seconds.1 In 2000, the future of scientific pub-
lishing was changed by the debut of PubMed Central and
the Public Library of Science (PLoS). The next year,
thousands of scientists called for a boycott of journals that
would not allow free access on PubMed within 6 months.
In 2002, for-profit Biomed Central began charging
authors $500 to publish. In 2003, PLoS Biology was
launched, charging authors.
Slides for seminar given at Cardiff University on 1st November 2023, covering Open Access publishing in astrophysics with reference to the Open Journal of Astrophysics.
Institutionalisation of an open access – a new possibility for research. A s...Birute Railiene
Birute Railiene. Institutionalisation of an open access – a new possibility for research : a survey of perception and demand
Paper for the 5th International Conference of the European Society of History of Science, Athens, 1-3 November 2012
Another Interdisciplinary Transformation: Beyond an Area-studies JournalHan Woo PARK
Journal of Contemporary Eastern Asia (ISSN 2383-9449) is a refereed biannual journal that takes a lead on a new scholarship in Asia. In the past, the JCEA was dedicated to the study of current political, social and economic trends in East and Southeast Asia. But now, the JCEA finds unique aspects of Asian scholarship by expanding its scope to (socio-technical) convergence and future (network) studies. The JCEA editors are working very hard to boost the scholarly presence of new Asian scholarship around the world and secure its reputation as an emerging world-class publishing outlet. The editors welcome manuscripts based on original research or significant reexamination of existing literature.
SPECIAL ARTICLEPredatory Publishing, Questionable Peer Rev.docxrafbolet0
SPECIAL ARTICLE
Predatory Publishing, Questionable Peer Review, and Fraudulent
Conferences
John D. Bowman, MS
Irma Lerma Rangel College of Pharmacy, Texas A&M Health Sciences Center, Kingsville, Texas
Submitted February 25, 2014; accepted April 21, 2014; published December 15, 2014.
Open-access is a model for publishing scholarly, peer-reviewed journals on the Internet that relies on
sources of funding other than subscription fees. Some publishers and editors have exploited the
author-pays model of open-access, publishing for their own profit. Submissions are encouraged
through widely distributed e-mails on behalf of a growing number of journals that may accept many
or all submissions and subject them to little, if any, peer review or editorial oversight. Bogus con-
ference invitations are distributed in a similar fashion. The results of these less than ethical practices
might include loss of faculty member time and money, inappropriate article inclusions in curriculum
vitae, and costs to the college or funding source.
Keywords: peer review, open access, scientific publishing, scientific conferences
INTRODUCTION
The advent of the Internet age and digitization of data
resulted in many changes, one of which was the concept of
peer-reviewed, open-access (OA) publishing with free
availabilitytoanyonewithInternetservices.Thistransition
increased when the National Institutes of Health (NIH)
began requiring that any manuscript resulting from its
funding be made publicly available via PubMed. The num-
ber of high-quality scientific research manuscripts pub-
lished via OA continues to increase. Unfortunately, there
has also been an increase in attempts to exploit the OA
concept for profit by requiring authors to pay for publica-
tion up front and performing none of the peer review ad-
vertised. These groups market their “services” through
e-mails to scientists and faculty members, offering recipi-
entstheopportunitytopublisharticlesin anewonlinepeer-
reviewed journal, to serve as a reviewer or editor of a new
journal, or to speak or host a roundtable discussionat a con-
ference, which may be described as “global” or “interna-
tional.” The objective of this article is to describe some of
these practices and ways to avoid them.
DEVELOPMENT OF OPEN ACCESS
PUBLISHING
The publishing paradigm has changed from print-
only subscriptions to digitally available and free scientific
publications. Nature was first published in 1869, Science
in 1880, and subsequently scientific journal publishing
has increased to the point of a new paper being published
every 20 seconds.1 In 2000, the future of scientific pub-
lishing was changed by the debut of PubMed Central and
the Public Library of Science (PLoS). The next year,
thousands of scientists called for a boycott of journals that
would not allow free access on PubMed within 6 months.
In 2002, for-profit Biomed Central began charging
authors $500 to publish. In 2003, PLoS Biology was
launched, charging authors.
PHP Frameworks: I want to break free (IPC Berlin 2024)Ralf Eggert
In this presentation, we examine the challenges and limitations of relying too heavily on PHP frameworks in web development. We discuss the history of PHP and its frameworks to understand how this dependence has evolved. The focus will be on providing concrete tips and strategies to reduce reliance on these frameworks, based on real-world examples and practical considerations. The goal is to equip developers with the skills and knowledge to create more flexible and future-proof web applications. We'll explore the importance of maintaining autonomy in a rapidly changing tech landscape and how to make informed decisions in PHP development.
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Transcript: Selling digital books in 2024: Insights from industry leaders - T...BookNet Canada
The publishing industry has been selling digital audiobooks and ebooks for over a decade and has found its groove. What’s changed? What has stayed the same? Where do we go from here? Join a group of leading sales peers from across the industry for a conversation about the lessons learned since the popularization of digital books, best practices, digital book supply chain management, and more.
Link to video recording: https://bnctechforum.ca/sessions/selling-digital-books-in-2024-insights-from-industry-leaders/
Presented by BookNet Canada on May 28, 2024, with support from the Department of Canadian Heritage.
Connector Corner: Automate dynamic content and events by pushing a buttonDianaGray10
Here is something new! In our next Connector Corner webinar, we will demonstrate how you can use a single workflow to:
Create a campaign using Mailchimp with merge tags/fields
Send an interactive Slack channel message (using buttons)
Have the message received by managers and peers along with a test email for review
But there’s more:
In a second workflow supporting the same use case, you’ll see:
Your campaign sent to target colleagues for approval
If the “Approve” button is clicked, a Jira/Zendesk ticket is created for the marketing design team
But—if the “Reject” button is pushed, colleagues will be alerted via Slack message
Join us to learn more about this new, human-in-the-loop capability, brought to you by Integration Service connectors.
And...
Speakers:
Akshay Agnihotri, Product Manager
Charlie Greenberg, Host
Key Trends Shaping the Future of Infrastructure.pdfCheryl Hung
Keynote at DIGIT West Expo, Glasgow on 29 May 2024.
Cheryl Hung, ochery.com
Sr Director, Infrastructure Ecosystem, Arm.
The key trends across hardware, cloud and open-source; exploring how these areas are likely to mature and develop over the short and long-term, and then considering how organisations can position themselves to adapt and thrive.
Builder.ai Founder Sachin Dev Duggal's Strategic Approach to Create an Innova...Ramesh Iyer
In today's fast-changing business world, Companies that adapt and embrace new ideas often need help to keep up with the competition. However, fostering a culture of innovation takes much work. It takes vision, leadership and willingness to take risks in the right proportion. Sachin Dev Duggal, co-founder of Builder.ai, has perfected the art of this balance, creating a company culture where creativity and growth are nurtured at each stage.
JMeter webinar - integration with InfluxDB and GrafanaRTTS
Watch this recorded webinar about real-time monitoring of application performance. See how to integrate Apache JMeter, the open-source leader in performance testing, with InfluxDB, the open-source time-series database, and Grafana, the open-source analytics and visualization application.
In this webinar, we will review the benefits of leveraging InfluxDB and Grafana when executing load tests and demonstrate how these tools are used to visualize performance metrics.
Length: 30 minutes
Session Overview
-------------------------------------------
During this webinar, we will cover the following topics while demonstrating the integrations of JMeter, InfluxDB and Grafana:
- What out-of-the-box solutions are available for real-time monitoring JMeter tests?
- What are the benefits of integrating InfluxDB and Grafana into the load testing stack?
- Which features are provided by Grafana?
- Demonstration of InfluxDB and Grafana using a practice web application
To view the webinar recording, go to:
https://www.rttsweb.com/jmeter-integration-webinar
Search and Society: Reimagining Information Access for Radical FuturesBhaskar Mitra
The field of Information retrieval (IR) is currently undergoing a transformative shift, at least partly due to the emerging applications of generative AI to information access. In this talk, we will deliberate on the sociotechnical implications of generative AI for information access. We will argue that there is both a critical necessity and an exciting opportunity for the IR community to re-center our research agendas on societal needs while dismantling the artificial separation between the work on fairness, accountability, transparency, and ethics in IR and the rest of IR research. Instead of adopting a reactionary strategy of trying to mitigate potential social harms from emerging technologies, the community should aim to proactively set the research agenda for the kinds of systems we should build inspired by diverse explicitly stated sociotechnical imaginaries. The sociotechnical imaginaries that underpin the design and development of information access technologies needs to be explicitly articulated, and we need to develop theories of change in context of these diverse perspectives. Our guiding future imaginaries must be informed by other academic fields, such as democratic theory and critical theory, and should be co-developed with social science scholars, legal scholars, civil rights and social justice activists, and artists, among others.
UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series, part 4DianaGray10
Welcome to UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series part 4. In this session, we will cover Test Manager overview along with SAP heatmap.
The UiPath Test Manager overview with SAP heatmap webinar offers a concise yet comprehensive exploration of the role of a Test Manager within SAP environments, coupled with the utilization of heatmaps for effective testing strategies.
Participants will gain insights into the responsibilities, challenges, and best practices associated with test management in SAP projects. Additionally, the webinar delves into the significance of heatmaps as a visual aid for identifying testing priorities, areas of risk, and resource allocation within SAP landscapes. Through this session, attendees can expect to enhance their understanding of test management principles while learning practical approaches to optimize testing processes in SAP environments using heatmap visualization techniques
What will you get from this session?
1. Insights into SAP testing best practices
2. Heatmap utilization for testing
3. Optimization of testing processes
4. Demo
Topics covered:
Execution from the test manager
Orchestrator execution result
Defect reporting
SAP heatmap example with demo
Speaker:
Deepak Rai, Automation Practice Lead, Boundaryless Group and UiPath MVP
LF Energy Webinar: Electrical Grid Modelling and Simulation Through PowSyBl -...DanBrown980551
Do you want to learn how to model and simulate an electrical network from scratch in under an hour?
Then welcome to this PowSyBl workshop, hosted by Rte, the French Transmission System Operator (TSO)!
During the webinar, you will discover the PowSyBl ecosystem as well as handle and study an electrical network through an interactive Python notebook.
PowSyBl is an open source project hosted by LF Energy, which offers a comprehensive set of features for electrical grid modelling and simulation. Among other advanced features, PowSyBl provides:
- A fully editable and extendable library for grid component modelling;
- Visualization tools to display your network;
- Grid simulation tools, such as power flows, security analyses (with or without remedial actions) and sensitivity analyses;
The framework is mostly written in Java, with a Python binding so that Python developers can access PowSyBl functionalities as well.
What you will learn during the webinar:
- For beginners: discover PowSyBl's functionalities through a quick general presentation and the notebook, without needing any expert coding skills;
- For advanced developers: master the skills to efficiently apply PowSyBl functionalities to your real-world scenarios.
LF Energy Webinar: Electrical Grid Modelling and Simulation Through PowSyBl -...
新物理學刊: 開放近用學刊案例
1. The New Journal of Physics as an Example of Open Access Journals / Eberhard Bodenschatz, Max
Planck Institute for Dynamics and Self-Organisation
新物理學刊: 開放近用學刊案例 / 依百克·包登夏茨, 馬普學會動力與自我組織研究所
Introduction•••••••••••••
導論
In order to get a better understanding of the origin of the New Journal of Physics (NJP), it is useful to
look more closely at the publishing system before the introduction of Open Access journals. In
traditional academic publishing in the field of physics, the following parties played a role in the
publication process: authors, editors, referees, the publisher, the library, and the reader. Upon a closer
look, one sees that all the parties, with the exception of the publisher and the library, are active in
physics research. In other words, in the field of physics, the producer, the examiner and the consumer
are members of the same circle. For decades, physicists submitted their knowledge free of charge,
refereed it, often paid publishers to publish and disseminate their articles, and then commissioned their
libraries to buy back these articles from the publishers.
為了更清楚了解新物理學刊的源起, 在介紹開放近用學刊之前, 先研究出版系統。物理學的傳統
學術出版過程, 經由作者、編者、評審、出版社、圖書館及讀者等多方的參與, 才能順利完成。
細看之後, 出版社和圖書館之外的各方,都是研究物理學的要角。換言之,在物理學領域,生產
者、評審和消費者都是同一群人。幾十年來,物理學家免費提出自己的知識, 評鑑別人的知識,
並付費給出版商才能出版並散播其論文, 然後, 要求所屬圖書館向出版社採購此等論文。
This traditional system was cast into question by the rapid development of the World Wide Web and
the global information network with its quasi cost-free access. Preprint servers such as arXiv.org have
shown for more than 15 years that it can be relatively cheap (at just a few dollars per manuscript) to
build up a stable academic archive with voluntary submissions. At the same time, in the case of
paperless publishing, publishers would only allow libraries to access journals if they actively
maintained their subscriptions. This new system is in contrast to traditional publishing, where libraries
kept the right of the printed book or article. In this present system, if a library cancels its subscription, it
loses access to volumes that it has already paid for. In addition, in traditional publishing, the costs of
the subscriptions are normally borne by the library, and are thus unknown to the producer (author),
referee and consumer (reader).
快速發展的全球資訊網和幾乎免費近用的全球資訊網路, 使既有的系統遭到質疑。阿西檔案之類
的預印伺服器已運作 15 年以上, 以每篇文稿數美元的成本, 就能在志願的基礎上建立穩定的學術
典藏所。同時,在無紙出版的前提下,出版社只允許圖書館在訂閱的同時, 才能近用其學刊。這
種新系統背離傳統出版慣例,圖書館不能繼續保有印本圖書或論文的權利。在當代的系統中,
圖書館停訂之後, 也不能近用曾經訂閱的學刊。此外,在傳統的出版過程裡,通常由圖書館承擔
訂閱費,生產者(著者)、評審和消費者(讀者)並不知道由那個單位付錢。
The New Journal of Physics as an Open Access journal••
2. 新物理學刊是開放近用學刊
Publishing with quality assurance through peer review, editing and archiving, cannot of course be cost-
free. In the age of electronic publishing, however, there are new possibilities. Thus the development of
publishing in the World Wide Web, along with the rising costs, motivated the German Society of
Physics (Deutsche Physikalische Gesellschaft, DPG) and the British Institute of Physics (IOP) to
jointly found the New Journal of Physics as an Open Access journal in 1998.
經由同儕評閱、編輯和典藏的出版品, 才能保證品質, 整個過程不可能免費。然而, 在電子出版的
時代裡, 卻有新的可能性。面對全球資訊網的出版技術,以及傳統出版成本劇昇的前提下, 德國
物理學會及英國物理協會於 1998 年共同於創立採用開放近用模式的新物理學刊, 。
The NJP makes top-quality articles from all branches of physics available to readers online and free of
charge. The distinguishing features of the NJP are as follows:
新物理學刊的高品質論文, 含蓋物理學各領域, 供讀者可免費線上閱讀, 其特色如下:
Manuscripts can be read entirely free of charge.
Manuscripts must satisfy the highest quality standards, the progress they report must be substantial, and
they must be comprehensible to a broad readership.
The highest-possible quality is assured by a traditional peer-review system with an Editorial Board and
at least two anonymous referees. Currently, 70% of the articles submitted are rejected.
The Editorial Board consists of leading academics representing the physics community worldwide. It
meets annually, alternately in England and Germany and, in addition, there is an annual electronic
board meeting.
At three months on average, publication periods are short.
There is no restriction on manuscript length.
Colour and multimedia contents are welcomed and free of extra charge.
In addition to traditional manuscripts, Focus Issues are published, i.e. original publications of the
highest quality which present a snapshot of a particularly activearea of research. These articles,
typically numbering about 30, are supervised by visiting editors and are subject to the same criteria as
normal manuscripts.
Archiving is performed by the publishers, the German National Library, the British Library and via
LOCKSS (Lots Of Copies Keep Stuff Safe). LOCKSS is an initiative of Stanford University which
allows member-libraries to collect the NJP in its entirety, store it, archive it, and grant access to its own
local copy.
The NJP is financed by the authors (current article charge: EUR 870); current publication costs were
covered by current income in 2006 for the first time. Since1998, publishers’ subsidies for the NJP have
decreased on an annual basis; the NJP currently has support contracts with the Max Planck Society,
Cornell University, Northwestern University, the University of Göttingen and the Utah University
Library Advisory Council.
3. 完全免費讀取稿件。
稿件必須符合最高的品質標準,他們報告的進度必須是實質性的,而且能夠廣大的讀者群理
解。
以傳統的同儕評閱制度, 加上編輯委員會和至少兩名匿名評審, 共同建構最高品質的保證。目
前,退稿率高達 70%。
由全球物理學社群的傑出學者組成編輯委員會,於英國和德國輪流舉行年會,外加每年舉行多
次的電子會議。
平均三個月出版一期,出版週期短。
稿件長度無限制。
歡迎彩色和多媒體的內容, 不另收取額外的費用。
一般稿件之外, 還有專刊, 即針對特定主題的研究, 採用相同的審稿標準, 出版 30 篇左右的論文,
邀請客座編輯掌舵。
由出版社商、德國國家圖書館、大英圖書館典藏, 並參與多備份保全計畫。由美國史丹福大學發
起的多備份保全計畫, 允許會員圖書館蒐集整份新物理學刊, 儲存、典藏它, 賦予近用在地副本的
權利。
新物理學刊由作者支持, (目前, 每篇論文收取 870 歐元), 2006 年達到收支平衡。1998 年創刊以
來, 出版社逐年減少補助的金額, 目前由普馬學會、康乃爾大學、西北大學、哥廷根大學和猶他
州大學圖書館諮詢理事會, 共同承擔其費用。
Currently, the NJP receives more than 100 submissions a month, and that number is growing. More
than 50 000 downloads of complete texts are registered every month, with readers in more than 180
countries. The illustration shows the development of the ISI impact factor, which reflects the increasing
importance of the journal. For a general physics journal, the impact factor is already very high. In the
last six months, the NJP has been constantly identified by the ISI as the physics journal with the highest
proportional rise in citations.
目前, 新物理學刊每月收到 100 多篇稿件, 且持續增加中。每月有來自 180 多個國家的讀者到
訪, 下載超過 5 萬次。下圖顯示科學資訊研究所影響係數的發展,反應此學刊的重要性日增。對
一個普通的物理學期刊而言, 此影響係數已經很高了。在過去的六個月裡,科學資訊研究所已經
確認新物理學刊是引用比例最高的物理學刊之一。
4. Illustration: Development of the ISI impact factor. This is calculated over a period of three years
and corresponds to the average number of citations of articles over a period of two years following
their publication. For example, the 2007 impact factor of a journal is calculated as follows: Z = the
number of citations of articles in that journal in all journals listed by ISI and published in 2005 and
2006. P = the number of articles published in the journal in 2007. The ISI impact factor is then the
quotient of Z/P.
圖示: 科學資訊研究所影響係數的發展。 以三年為期計算的結果, 相當於論文出版二年之用的引
用次數。 以 2007 年為例, Z 是 2005 年及 2006 年被科學資訊研究收錄學刊中, 論文被引用的次
數, P 是該 2007 年學刊論文的篇數, 科學資訊研究所影響係數是 Z/P。
Advantages of the NJP•••••
新物理學刊的優勢
The development of the NJP shows that Open Access is very well received by international readers.
One clear advantage is that the NJP can be freely read wherever there is access to the World Wide
5. Web. In this way, an author achieves the broadest-possible dissemination of his or her research results.
An additional advantage of the ‘author pays’ model is that it is market-oriented. Authors will be
prepared to submit a manuscript to the NJP and to pay the author charge only as long as the NJP meets
the highest quality demands. This market-oriented model has the additional advantage that the
publication costs are transparent and known to authors and referees. This makes cost-control automatic.
Increasingly, author charges are being taken over by libraries, as the NJP will always be freely
available to them. The stability of NJP is guaranteed by the Deutsche Physikalische Gesellschaft and
the British Institute of Physics.
新物理學刊的發展, 顯示開放近用已被各國讀者接受, 最明顯的優勢是, 進入全球資訊網後, 讀者
就可以自由地近用論文。作者可以將其研究成果, 做最大程度的散播。作者付費的模式是市場導
向的, 新物理學刊維持最高品質的要求, 才能吸引作者支付費用。出版費用透明化, 作者及審稿者
都清楚其內容, 得以將成本控制自動化。圖書館免費取得新物理學刊,向作者收取的費用, 最終
還是被圖書館吸收。新物理學刊的穩定性, 則由德國物理學會及英國物理學研究所共同保證。
Challenges• ••••••••••••
挑戰
The greatest challenge involved in the setting up of a new journal is always to get it established. For
both traditional and Open Access publications, start-up finance is essential. For the NJP, this was
provided by the Deutsche Physikalische Gesellschaft and the Institute of Physics. Step by step, the
subsidies for the author charge have been dismantled. In 2006, break-even point was reached for the
first time. By then, in particular the ideas of the financial backers had changed. For example, the
German Research Foundation (Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft) now allows researchers to apply for
publication costs, the Max Planck Society finances publications in the NJP from its central funds, and
the Joint Information Systems Committee (JISC) financed publications by British authors over a period
of three years. In addition, author charges are increasingly being shouldered by university libraries. The
other challenges facing the NJP were the same as for any other new journal. Successful establishment
is only possible with a very active Editorial Board with excellent support from the publisher.
新學刊的最大的挑戰, 是讓它持續存在。傳統出版品和開放近用出版品,創業的資金都不可少。
新物理學刊的創業資金, 由德國物理會及英國物理學研究所共同提供, 然後, 逐步減少補助作者的
措施, 到了 2006 年, 第一次達到損益平衡點。同時,財務支撐者的創意發生變化, 如: 德國研究基
金會接受研究人員申請出版費用,馬普學會從它的主要基金裡, 撥款贊助新物理學刊的出版品,
英國聯合資訊系統委員會贊助未來三年英國作者的出版費。此外, 作者的費用逐漸轉移到大學圖
書館裡。新物理學刊面臨的挑戰, 與其他新學刊需處理的挑戰, 沒有什麼不同。成功存活下來的
基礎在於, 非常積極的編輯委員會和堅定支持的出版社。
p. 35-38
Open Access: Opportunities and challenges. A handbook [開放近用 : 機會及挑戰] / European
Commission/German Commission for UNESCO). -- Luxembourg: Office for Official Publications of
the European Communities, 2008. -- 144 pp., 14.8 x 21.0 cm. -- ISBN 978-92-79-06665-8. -- EUR