The document discusses open access to scientific publications. It notes that sharing scientific knowledge efficiently is crucial for European research. While open access is debated, the European Commission acknowledges the need for new initiatives to widely disseminate scientific information. Member states adopted conclusions calling for stronger national strategies and coordination on access, preservation, and dissemination policies. The document recognizes open access is complex with varying stakeholder views, but solutions are needed to rapidly share research results while also fairly compensating scientific publishers.

1. Foreword by the European Commissioner for Science and Research
歐盟科學與研究執行委員序
We live in a digital age that has opened up unprecedented opportunities for the dissemination of
scientific knowledge. Sharing this knowledge efficiently is crucial for the future of European research.
身處數位時代, 我們掌握前所未有的機會, 得以散布科學知識; 有效地分享知識, 將是歐洲研究的
重要課題。
One much debated way of sharing scientific information, and in particular peer-reviewed academic
publications, is open access.
分享科學資訊時, 尤其是經同儕評閱的科學著作, 開放近用是經常被爭議的話題。
In 2006, the European Commission’s Directorate General for Research commissioned a study
investigating the scientific publishing market in Europe(a). In 2007, the European Commission adopted
a Communication which acknowledges the need for new initiatives leading to wider access to and
dissemination of scientific information(b). I am pleased that EU Member States entered the debate in
2007 by adopting Council Conclusions calling for the reinforcement of national strategies and
enhanced co-ordination between Member States regarding access, preservation and dissemination
policies and practices(c).
2006 年, 歐盟執行委員會研究總局委託一項研究, 調查歐洲的科學出版市場(註 a); 2007 年, 歐盟
執行委會採納一項訊息文件, 承認需要新的行動, 以期更廣泛地散布科學資訊(註 b)。我很欣慰,
歐盟會員國於 2007 年進入此辯論, 採納委員會的結論, 在近用、保存與散布政策和實務方面, 要
求強化國家策略與加強會員國間的合作。
註 a: http://ec.europa.eu/research/science-society/pdf/scientific-publication-study_en.pdf .
註 b: http://ec.europa.eu/research/science-
society/document_library/pdf_06/communication-022007_en.pdf .
註 c: http://ec.europa.eu/research/science-society/document_library/pdf_06/council-
conclusions97236_en.pdf .
The debate on open access is controversial and complex, with stakeholders displaying widely
contrasting opinions. I strongly believe that we must work towards solutions that offer the research
community rapid and wide dissemination of results. At the same time, I am convinced that there must
be fair remuneration for scientific publishers who invest in tools and mechanisms to organise the flow
of information and the peer review system.
開放近用的辯論是多面且複雜的, 各方的意見相當分歧; 我強烈地相信, 必須找出解決方案, 提供
給研究社群, 使其能夠廣泛地散布其研究成果。同時, 我也相信, 科學出版社應取得相當的報酬,
它們在資訊流動與同儕評閱系統方面, 投資相當多, 建置若干工具與機制。
I welcome this handbook which presents the various views of major stakeholders and covers a wide
range of issues relevant to open access. I view it as a very useful and timely contribution to the debate
on open access.
我歡迎這本手冊的出現, 呈現各方在開放近用的多重意見, 我視此為討論開放近用時, 一個很有用
且即時的貢獻。
Janez Potocnik

2. 亞內茲· 波托奇尼克
p. 9
Open Access: Opportunities and Challenges. A handbook [開放近用 : 機會及挑戰] / European
Commission, German Commission for UNESCO. -- Luxembourg: Office for Official Publications of
the European Communities, 2008. -- 144 p., 14.8 x 21.0 cm. -- ISBN 978-92-79-06665-8. -- EUR
23459, http://tinyurl.com/3q8wo5