This document provides tips and information about nuclear physics concepts. It discusses nuclear stability and radioactive decay, including half-life calculations. Equations for radioactive decay and mass-energy equivalence are presented. Nuclear reactions, including fusion and fission, are covered. Safety tips for handling radioactive materials are given. Overall, the document offers a high-level overview of key topics in nuclear and radiation physics.

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2. 20
Tips
(ࢻ) (ࢼ ) (ࢽ)
- F F F
- ߙ>ߚ>ߛ
- ߙ>ߚ>ߛ
- F ˈ ߙ>ߚ>ߛ
- ߛ>ߚ>ߙ
- ߙ (+2e) , ߚ (-1e) , ߛ(0)
Tips
p
n
F F
F F ஺ܺ
௓ X A (= )
Z (= )
ˈ F F F ଶଷ଼
ଽଶܷ =238.05u
ˈ ˂ F F ଶଷ଼
ଽଶܷ ˂ +92e
(ࢻ) ˂ +2e F ସ
ଶ‫݁ܪ‬
(ࢼ) ˂ -1e F ିଵ݁
଴
(ࢽ) ˈ ˂ F F ߛ
(n) ˈ ˂ F F ଵ
଴݊
(p) ˂ +1e F ଵ
ଵ‫ܪ‬
F ˆ F www.schoolDD.com 1

3. Tips
F F ˆ F FF ˈ F F
FF
஺బ ௧
A= n=
ଶ೙ ்భ/మ
A= t F
A0 = F (t = 0)
t= F
T1/2 =
- ˈ F ˈ F F F F
F α,ߚ,ߛ
- F F
Tips
F
A0 A A0 - A
- F F F A0
- F F F A
- F F A0-A
- F F F t
- F F F F F T1/2
௟௡ଶ
- F T1/2 = ఒ ߣ= F = F F
Tips
( ) F F
F F F F ଵଶ
଺‫ܥ‬ , ଺‫ܥ଺ , ܥ‬
ଵଷ ଵସ
ˈ F
F F
F ˆ F www.schoolDD.com 2

4. Tips
F
ଶଷ଼ ଶଷସ ସ
ଽଶU ՜ ଽ଴U + ଶHe
- F F
Tips
F
ଵସ ସ
଻N + ଶHe + 1.19 MeV ՜ ଵ଻
଼O + ଵH
ଵ ( )
଻ ଵ
ଷLi + ଵH ՜ ସHe + ସHe + 17.3 MeV
ଶ ଶ ( )
1. F F
2. + F F
- F F F
- F F
- F F
- F F
- F F F F F F
F ˂
F
F F E = mc2 F
- 1 u = 1.66x10-27 Kg = 931 Mev
- 1 eV = 1.6x10-19 J
F ˆ F www.schoolDD.com 3

5. Tips
ʽ ʽ
ʽ ˈ F ˈ
ʽ ˈ F ˈ
- ʽ F F F F F F F ˈ
- ʽ
- F ʽ F (଴݁)
ଵ
- ʽ F F F
- ʽ ʽ F
Tips
F
- F F F F
- F Co-60
- F F
- F I-131 F F
- F P-32 F F
- F C-14
- F Na-24
F ˆ F www.schoolDD.com 4

6. Tips
1. F ˁ F F F ˈ F
2. F F F F
3. F F ˈ F F
Tips
˂
1. F ˈ F F F F F
2. F F F
3. F F F
4. F F F F
F ˆ F www.schoolDD.com 5